Estesmohamad3342

05%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.8%) of CWW, and after 48 h, the root tips were processed for cytological studies by the aceto-orcein squash procedure. The results revealed that cyanide concentrations on re-fluxing were in the range of 1.0 and 1.3 mg/L. All concentrations induced a number of chromosomal aberrations in the root tip cells. The mitotic index decreased significantly (p  less then  0.05) with increasing concentration. The cytotoxic effects showed strong concentration-dependent root growth inhibition with EC50 values of 30%, 20%, 37%, 43% and 22% for A, B, C1, C2 and D, after 72 h. The findings thus indicate that alkali treatment is very efficient in degrading the cyanide content of CWW and has shown that the combination of physico-chemical analysis along with the sole toxicity assessment could provide valuable information about the sole toxicity of cyanide as a chemical pollutant present in the cassava effluent.This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of short-term workplace-based physical activity education on altering sitting outcomes, maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) and occupational well-being. Four office clusters (46 participants) of desk-based workers were randomized to either the move in office with education (MOWE) group or the control (CONT) group for 4 weeks. The outcomes were occupational sedentary time, VO2max and workplace well-being. Data were analysed using non-parametric tests. Our study results did not show any significant change in sitting time or VO2max. Nevertheless, workplace well-being of the MOWE group significantly improved when compared to the CONT group, especially in the domains of work satisfaction (odds ratio 11.67; p = 0.001) and employer care (odds ratio 0.167; p = 0.001). Workplace education (MOWE) improves well-being but may not alter sitting outcomes or VO2max in office workers. Workplace education without policy change may not yield positive health outcomes.Guided by stress and coping theory, qualitative content analysis was used to examine student written assignment responses (N = 100) about the importance of and student preparedness for completing their own advance directive (AD). Codes represented primary and secondary appraisals, coping, and outcomes. Primary appraisals were 47% benign, 47% stressful, and 6% irrelevant. Benign primary appraisals were associated with reporting greater internal and external resources and intent to complete an AD. Exposing students to information about AD can be useful, but student completion of an AD should be reserved for classes that help students process emotions and information about their preferences for end-of-life care.Background The desire of parents to obtain a genetic diagnosis for their child with intellectual disability and associated symptoms has long been framed as a diagnostic odyssey, an arduous and sometimes perilous journey focused on the goal of identifying a cause for the child's condition.Methods Semi-structured interviews (N = 60) were conducted with parents of children (N = 59, aged 2-24 years) with intellectual disability and/or developmental delay (IDD) who underwent genome sequencing at a single pediatric multispecialty clinic. Interviews were conducted after parents received their child's sequencing result (positive findings, negative findings, or variants of unknown significance). Thematic analysis was performed on all interviews.Results Parents reported that obtaining a genetic diagnosis was one important step in their overall goal of helping their child live their best life possible life. They intended to use the result as a tool to help their child by seeking the correct school placement and obtaining benefits and therapeutic services.Conclusions For the parents of children with IDD, the search for a genetic diagnosis is best conceptualized as a part of parents' ongoing efforts to leverage various diagnoses to obtain educational and therapeutic services for their children. Cleaving parents' search for a genetic diagnosis from these broader efforts obscures the value that some parents place on a sequencing result in finding and tailoring therapies and services beyond the clinic. Interviews with parents reveal, therefore, that genomic sequencing is best understood as one important stage of an ongoing therapeutic odyssey that largely takes place outside the clinic. Findings suggest the need to expand translational research efforts to contextualize a genetic diagnosis within parents' broader efforts to obtain educational and therapeutic services outside clinical contexts.Objectives. This study aimed to define specific patterns of multisite musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in office employees and to examine how derived patterns relate to ergonomic chair design. Methods. This cross-sectional study of 254 office employees extracted major patterns of MSDs using latent class analysis and investigated the association with ergonomic chair design. Results. Four major patterns of MSDs were extracted using latent class analysis class 1 (12.1%), individuals with high probabilities of MSDs in the neck, shoulders, back and wrists; class 2 (35.6%), individuals with near-zero probabilities of MSDs across all sites; class 3 (14.1%), those with high probabilities of complaints in the back, hips and knees; class 4 (38.2%), those with high probabilities of MSDs across all sites. Considering class 2 as the reference, there was an inverse significant association between seat comfort and membership in class 3 (odds ratio [OR] 0.94, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.89, 0.99]) and class 4 OR 0.94, 95% CI [0.91, 0.98], and a significant inverse relationship between body support and membership in class 4 OR 0.95, 95% CI [0.92, 0.99]. Conclusion. MSDs can be summarized with latent class-derived patterns among office workers. Ergonomic chair design was significantly associated with type of MSD patterns.Religion and culture affect the meaning and practicalities of caring for families with mental illness in Malaysia. Such care also differs according to social background, family values and support, commitment, availability, practicality and the needs of the care recipient. This qualitative study explores 14 Malay caregivers of the older adults with mental health problems in Kelantan, Malaysia. A semi-structured interview was translated and transcribed and subjected to thematic analysis using NVivo software. The findings show that cultural values and religion shaped the meaning of care as provided by the caregivers. The nature of the relationship is also important in determining the best person in the family to take over the caregiving role.Lower alcohols have long been the figureheads of diesel/biodiesel additives in characterizing renewable fuels. Next-generation alcohol like n-octanol occupied the reified position due to their better fuel properties. In this paper, combustion, performance and, emission of different graphene-oxide nanoparticles (nanoGO) added jatropha biodiesel, n-octanol and petrodiesel blends are investigated in a 4-stroke DI diesel engine. This article also aims to optimize the engine inputs accountable for better performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine running with nanoGO dispersed biodiesel/diesel/higher alcohol blends. Full Factorial Design-based Response Surface Methodology (RSM) is utilized to model the experiments using Design-Expert software to optimize engine responses. Validation of the developed model is carried out using sophisticated error and performance metrics, namely, TheilU2, Kling-Gupta Efficiency (K-G Eff), and Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient of efficiency (N-S Eff) along with the conventional statistical database. The model optimized engine inputs of 3.898% n-Octanol, and 49.772 ppm nanoGO at 99.2% load with a desirability index of 0.997 as the optimum engine parameters. The experimental validation revealed that the model optimized blend at full load witnessed a reduction of 15.6% CO, 21.78% HC.u, and 3.26% NOx emission compared to petrodiesel. However, a slight increase in brake specific energy consumption (2.95%) is also recorded because of the lower heating value of the blend.The cell membrane permeability, morphology, metabolomics, and gene expression of Microcystis aeruginosa under various concentrations of succinic acid (SA) were evaluated to clarify the mechanism of SA inhibition of M. aeruginosa. The results showed that SA caused intracellular protein and nucleic acid extravasation by increasing the cell membrane permeability. Scanning electron microscopy suggested that a high dose of SA (60 mg L-1) could damage the cell membrane and even cause lysis in some cells. Metabolomics result demonstrated that change in intracellular lipids content was the main reason for the increase of cell membrane permeability. In addition, SA could negatively affect amino acids metabolism, inhibit the biosynthesis of nucleotides, and interfere with the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle of algal cells. Furthermore, SA also affected N assimilation and caused oxidative damage to Microcystis. In conclusion, SA inhibits the growth of M. aeruginosa through multisite action.The transition of medical education from a face-to-face to virtual setting due to the ongoing COVID-19 restrictions has been challenging. While both students and educators have now somewhat settled into new teaching methods, from Zoom™ lectures to online tutorials, the adaption of clinical skills teaching to the virtual setting has lagged behind. As a result, many students have been left feeling anxious and concerned about practicing practical and communication skills that are central to being a competent and safe doctor. In light of this, medical students at the Queen's University Belfast General Practice (GP) Society organised a series of virtual, mock Objective Structured Clinical Examinations (OSCEs) for students in Years 2-5 conducted via Zoom™. Medical students and doctors acted as examiners and simulated patients (SPs) with 'breakout rooms' being used to simulate distinct OSCE stations. This collaborative project was well received by participants and doctors alike, who found the virtual OSCEs improved their confidence in performing key clinical skills and virtual consultations. As medical students ourselves, we gained early career exposure to designing and delivering assessments and developed transferable skills, relevant both to medicine and teaching. Lastly, the peer-led approach disrupted the traditional hierarchy in medical education. Students are a key, and often overlooked, resource to overcoming challenges in medical education and educators should encourage students to become involved in medical education at an early stage in their careers.Changing gloves more frequently is encouraged, more now than ever given the COVID-19 pandemic. When the donning process has moisture introduced, however, complications can arise, which consumes vital time. Most commonly, gloves undergo a chlorination treatment to reduce glove tack, allowing easier donning. To assess the effects of different chlorination strengths and glove thicknesses on donning, acrylonitrile butadiene gloves were manufactured at two different thicknesses (0.05 and 0.10 mm) with 4 different chlorination treatments 0, 500, 1000 and 2000 ppm. Six participants were used to assess the time taken to don each of the glove sets with dry and wet hands (16 tests in total). Overall, the thicker gloves took longer to don, due to differences in the material stiffness hindering the donning process. The quickest performance from the chlorinated gloves was noted in the 1000 and 2000 ppm concentrations. Wet conditions also showed significant increases in the donning time.Practitioners Summary The study was conducted based on the gaps identified in previous literature reviews which revealed the requirement for a greater understanding of glove donning process.