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Primary care physicians should be encouraged to give practical aspects of self-care practices and counseling regarding diabetes distress. To perform self-care practices adequate, support from the family level and community level is imperative.

Primary care physicians should be encouraged to give practical aspects of self-care practices and counseling regarding diabetes distress. To perform self-care practices adequate, support from the family level and community level is imperative.

Government of Rajasthan has undertaken a series of e-Health initiatives, especially under various programs of National Health Mission in the past few years. There is a paucity of studies which document and provide appraisal of these initiatives in Rajasthan.

To document ongoing e-Health Initiatives based on technologies and approaches used, coverage by the region and population, services provided and scope.

Primary data collection in form of key-informant interviews while secondary data collection in form of internet-based search of peer and non-peer reviewed literature was conducted to achieve the study objectives. Appropriate documents, records, and reports were reviewed to ensure that all necessary information was obtained.

A total of 13 e-Health initiatives were included in the study. The e-Health programs were classified with the use of WHO's classification of Digital Health Interventions v1.0. Most of the initiatives perceived in the study were found to be beneficial to the community, covering tation should be planned to guide policy decisions.

UNICEF report (2004) states that a significant percentage of total child population under the age of 5 years suffered malnutrition. Child sexual abuse remains undiscussed across Pakistan. Health care professionals (HCPs) are usually the first notifiers of child abuse and are ethically obliged to manage and report it.

This study was conducted to assess HCPs' response in dealing with patients of child abuse. With a better understanding, we can have a better outcome for the victims.

A total of 101 participants filled out a structured questionnaire by HCPs working in three tertiary hospitals of Karachi i.e., Aga Khan University, National Institute of Child Health (NICH), and Civil Hospital. Data were entered into SPSS 19.0.

HCPs believed that young male relatives were thought to be most likely the offender, and that every child regardless of class is prone to get abused triggered by financial stressors and the absence of parents. Proper physical exams helped identify cases. A proper system of reporting was required in hospitals, but HCPs were reluctant to report the cases to authorities. There was a significant difference noted between public and private hospitals.

Our findings indicate that HCPs have limited knowledge in defining various types of abuse and most were unaware of any reporting facility in hospitals. Senior HCPs as consultants have a better understanding of child abuse than nurses or interns. Mandatory reporting should be implicated so that prompt action could be taken. There could be a more successful outcome of managing a child abuse victim with proper training.

Our findings indicate that HCPs have limited knowledge in defining various types of abuse and most were unaware of any reporting facility in hospitals. Senior HCPs as consultants have a better understanding of child abuse than nurses or interns. Mandatory reporting should be implicated so that prompt action could be taken. There could be a more successful outcome of managing a child abuse victim with proper training.

The process of communication includes intense observation based on which opinions are formed or situations are created. A patient whose is in state of panic due to the health conditions feels neglected and becomes skeptical about the treatment hi/she is going to receive.

The aim of the study is to understand the need for being sensitive towards patient's presence while communicating.

It was conducted in the outpatient wing of clinics at three different cities of Karnataka using a Sequential Observatory Study design.

Based on the results obtained from the pilot study a final schedule was prepared and sent to people using google drive during the month of Dec 2019. Out of 200 filled forms only 55 patients/relatives were qualified for analysis. SPSS version 17.0 software, Microsoft word and Excel were used in data handling and analysis. Textual analysis was used for presenting interview data.

The qualitative analysis of the questionnaires found four emerging themes that disturbed the patients psychologically and such situations could lead to violence. The results prove that patients/relatives observe both verbal and nonverbal communication in the hospital from the time of their entry to exit.

The communication intended or unintended made some impact on the perceptions of the patients about the way they are going to be treated. This indicates that the workforce should be conscious of their behaviour.

The communication intended or unintended made some impact on the perceptions of the patients about the way they are going to be treated. This indicates that the workforce should be conscious of their behaviour.

Reducing harmful oral hygiene practices can minimize the negative impacts of periodontal diseases. Transgenders are among the most vulnerable groups. Knowledge of their oral hygiene awareness, attitude and behaviour shall help in improving their oral health and also in planning oral health strategies specific to this group.

To explore the oral hygiene-related knowledge, attitude and practices of transgenders residing in the Bhubaneswar during COVID-19.

A cross-sectional study was conducted among the transgenders residing in Bhubaneswar using a self-structured questionnaire containing questions on knowledge, attitude and practices related to oral hygiene. Mann-Whitney U test was applied to find any significant differences between different variables in groups.

A total of 205 transgenders participated in the study. Around 43.9% of the transgenders in rural areas felt they had bad breath and there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. Majority of the participants in the rural areas did not know how to describe the health of their teeth and gums while 43% of the participants in the urban areas felt their oral health was good. There was statistically significant difference between the two groups in the type of material used for cleaning teeth [p = 0.020]. There was statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of brushing their teeth everyday [p = 0.005, duration of brushing [p = 0.052], tools used for cleaning teeth [p = 0.023] and method employed to control mouth odour.

The information presented in this study adds onto our understanding of the oral hygiene related behaviour among the transgenders.

The information presented in this study adds onto our understanding of the oral hygiene related behaviour among the transgenders.

COVID-19 pandemic has havocked the entire world and India has not been spared. The focus is not only on the containment but on the reduction in mortality also. The objective of the study was to know the trend of COVID-19 deaths in a 510-bedded dedicated COVID-19 hospital and to determine the cause of death and various factors associated with these deaths.

A descriptive study was conducted in a COVID-dedicated hospital setting to analyze deaths occurring during April--July, 2020 using a standard death audit proforma.

A total number of 95 COVID-19 patients died in ICU. The mortality rate among ICU patients varied from 24.6% to 52.9%. Most of the cases were referred from other hospitals. About 64% of the deceased was admitted in severe condition and 34% of cases were referred on ventilator support. The week-wise trend revealed a positive association between the number of deaths and the number of referred cases as well as the number of patients received on ventilator support and in severe condition. About one-third of cases were late in seeking treatment at health centers with the same weekly trend. Being unaware of the condition (1%) and the stigma associated with the disease (32%) were the reasons behind it. Common direct causes of death were pneumonia (73%), pneumonia complicated with sepsis (16%), and acute respiratory disease syndrome (ARDS) (7%).

High case fatality rate in the ICU of a referral COVID-dedicated hospital is mainly because of the admission of patients in severe conditions.

High case fatality rate in the ICU of a referral COVID-dedicated hospital is mainly because of the admission of patients in severe conditions.

Gliomas account for 45% of all intracranial tumors. Newer technologies have allowed deeper genetic and epigenetic analysis leading to the discovery of IDH (Isocitrate dehydrogenase) mutations and their association with ATRX (alpha-thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome X-linked) and p53, for better diagnosis and prognosis. In this study, we analysed their expression and correlated with various clinicopathological parameters. A follow up to prognosticate gliomas based on the molecular findings is also attempted.

During last 5 years both retrospective and prospective cases were included in the study. Immunohistochemistry for IDH1, ATRX, and p53 was done and reported based on intensity and percentage of tumor cells expressing the markers.

A total of 53 cases of gliomas were included, excluding primary glioblastomas and ependymomas. The patient's age ranged from 10 to 53 years. The male to female ratio was 1.31. IDH1 positivity was seen in 88% of diffuse astrocytoma, 80% of anaplastic astrocytoma, 90% of o significance. For routine cases of gliomas, a combination of IDH1 and ATRX are sufficient; however, the use of p53 is recommended for further prognostication and for possible targeted therapy in the future.

During pregnancy, the immune system is altered, putting women at increased risk of complications from respiratory viruses. There is limited information about the effects of COVID-19 on pregnant women and obstetrics programs, particularly in rural regions.

Most published reports have been from large urban hospitals. This study sought to gain insight into how the COVID-19 pandemic is impacting rural obstetrics programs.

This qualitative study surveyed participants who worked in rural obstetrics programs in New Mexico using a free response questionnaire.

The pandemic has changed the obstetrics experience in rural New Mexico by impacting the relationship between patients and providers and altering the family-centered model of birth. Difficulties unique to rural obstetrics included lack of transportation, limited hospital rooms and limited staff, including OB providers, nurses and housekeeping. Wellness has been impacted for providers, manifested in increased anxiety, stress and burnout. Omaveloxolone solubility dmso Patients reported he way they practice and creating uncertainty for the future due to potentially permanent changes to their practice. Future research will explore the lasting effects of the pandemic on rural obstetrics providers specifically, and rural hospitals generally.

Airway surgery and endoscopy in pediatric patients are always associated with challenges in anesthesia management. Deep anesthesia is required for preventing patient bucking during the procedure but patient breath should be maintained; in this regard, a combination of general and topical anesthesia can be beneficial. There is also evidence of the peripheral effects of opioids. The main objective of this study is to compare using lidocaine topically alone and combined with alfentanil opioids with respect to the central effects of opioids.

In this study, 40 ASA class I and II children, aged 1-6 years, who were candidates for flexible diagnostic bronchoscopy were divided into two groups through block randomization using the random number table after obtaining parents' consent in complete health conditions. In this clinical trial, for collecting the data a special data collection form was used at the bedside of patients undergoing bronchoscopy at Pediatric Medical Center in 2017. Data including demographic information (age, weight, gender), duration of anesthesia, blood pressure before and after drug administration, duration of bronchoscopy, and recovery time were recorded in a form.