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Importance While the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has resulted in more than 100 000 infected individuals in China and worldwide, there are few reports on the association of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) with ocular abnormalities. Understanding ocular manifestations of patients with COVID-19 by ophthalmologists and others may facilitate the diagnosis and prevention of transmission of the disease. Objective To investigate ocular manifestations and viral prevalence in the conjunctiva of patients with COVID-19. Design, Setting, and Participants In this case series, patients with COVID-19 treated from February 9 to 15, 2020, at a hospital center in Hubei province, China, were retrospectively reviewed for ocular manifestations. During the period of treatment, the ocular signs and symptoms as well as results of blood tests and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) from nasopharyngeal and conjunctival swabs for SARS-CoV-2 were noted and analyzed. Maesults for SARS-CoV-2 on RT-PCR from nasopharyngeal swabs. Of these, 2 (16.7%) had positive results for SARS-CoV-2 on RT-PCR from both conjunctival and nasopharyngeal swabs. Conclusions and Relevance In this study, one-third of patients with COVID-19 had ocular abnormalities, which frequently occurred in patients with more severe COVID-19. Although there is a low prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in tears, it is possible to transmit via the eyes.The novel coronavirus COVID-19 infection poses serious challenges to the healthcare system that are being addressed through the creation of new unique and advanced systems of care with disjointed care processes (telehealth screening, drive-through specimen collection, remote testing, telehealth management, etc.) However, our current regulations on the flows of information for clinical care and research are antiquated and often conflict at the state and federal level. This paper discusses proposed changes to privacy regulations such as the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability act (HIPAA) designed to let health information seamlessly and frictionlessly flow between the health entities that need to collaborate on treatment of patients and, also, allow it to flow to researchers trying to understand how to limit its impacts. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Medical Informatics Association.Melorheostosis is a rare sclerosing dysostosis characterized by asymmetric exuberant bone formation. Recently, we reported that somatic mosaicism for MAP2K1-activating mutations causes radiographical "dripping candle wax" melorheostosis. We now report somatic SMAD3 mutations in bone lesions of four unrelated patients with endosteal pattern melorheostosis. In vitro, the SMAD3 mutations stimulated the TGF-β pathway in osteoblasts, enhanced nuclear translocation and target gene expression, and inhibited proliferation. Osteoblast differentiation and mineralization were stimulated by the SMAD3 mutation, consistent with higher mineralization in affected than in unaffected bone, but differing from MAP2K1 mutation-positive melorheostosis. Conversely, osteoblast differentiation and mineralization were inhibited when osteogenesis of affected osteoblasts was driven in the presence of BMP2. Transcriptome profiling displayed that TGF-β pathway activation and ossification-related processes were significantly influenced by the SMAD3 mutation. Co-expression clustering illuminated melorheostosis pathophysiology, including alterations in ECM organization, cell growth, and interferon signaling. These data reveal antagonism of TGF-β/SMAD3 activation by BMP signaling in SMAD3 mutation-positive endosteal melorheostosis, which may guide future therapies. © 2020 Kang et al.We reported computed tomographic (CT) imaging findings of 3 patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia with initially negative results before CT examination and finally confirmed positive for the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction assay. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail journals.permissions@oup.com.BACKGROUND Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) injection into the inappropriate site and depth might produce an unwanted change in facial animation because the depressor anguli oris (DAO) and depressor labii inferioris (DLI) are partially overlapped. Therefore, a simple BoNT-A injection guideline, based on three-dimensional (3D) facial anatomical references and landmarks, is essentially required. OBJECTIVES This study was performed to establish a novel BoNT-A injection guideline that includes the soft tissue thickness at the lower perioral region using a 3D scanning system with dissections in order to provide accurate injection sites and depths for the DAO and DLI. METHODS 3D scans of the facial skin, superficial fat, and facial muscle surface were performed in 45 embalmed cadavers. The thicknesses of the skin and subcutaneous layer were calculated automatically from the superimposed images at each of the perioral region's 5 reference points. RESULTS In every case (100%), P3 and P5 were located in the DLI and DAO areas, respectively (45/45). Therefore, we defined P3 as the 'DLI point' and P5 as the 'DAO point'. The soft-tissue thicknesses at the DLI and DAO points were 6.4±1.7 mm and 6.7±1.8 mm, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The P3 and P5 described in this study are effective guideline that only target the DLI and DAO. Clinicians, specifically, can easily use facial landmarks, such as the cheilion and pupil, to appoint the DLI and DAO point without any measurement or palpation of the modiolus. © 2020 The Aesthetic Society. Reprints and permission journals.permissions@oup.com. This work is written by (a) US Government employee(s) and is in the public domain in the US.MOTIVATION Gene Network Inference and Master Regulator Analysis (MRA) have been widely adopted to define specific transcriptional perturbations from gene expression signatures. Several tools exist to perform such analyses, but most require a computer cluster or large amounts of RAM to be executed. RESULTS We developed corto, a fast and lightweight R package to infer gene networks and perform MRA from gene expression data, with optional corrections for Copy Number Variations (CNVs) and able to run on signatures generated from RNA-Seq or ATAC-Seq data. We extensively benchmarked it to infer context-specific gene networks in 39 human tumor and 27 normal tissue datasets. AVAILABILITY Cross-platform and multi-threaded R package on CRAN (stable version) https//cran.r-project.org/package=corto and Github (development release) https//github.com/federicogiorgi/corto. SUPP INFORMATION Supp data are available at Bioinformatics online. © The Author(s) (2020). Published by Oxford University Press. Dubs-IN-1 All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email journals.