Ennishobbs6478

Direct and indirect reciprocity amid individuals and also organizations.

Pre-Analytical Resolution of the Effect involving Extended Warm or perhaps Chilly Ischaemia in RNA Stability in the Human Ileum Mucosa.

Mentorship and sponsorship are critically important for otolaryngologists at all levels of their career. Mentorship is typically found within a long-term professional relationship and provides career advice and support. Sponsorship is a more transactional relationship that promotes the mentee for specific career advancement opportunities. Both help mentees achieve more in their careers and have higher career satisfaction. This article defines mentorship and sponsorship and the current state of these within otolaryngology. Strategies for being an effective mentor and mentee are listed. Mentorship needs among women and underrepresented minorities within otolaryngology are discussed.Cyber-physical systems (CPSs) are complex systems that involve technologies such as control, communication, and computing. selleck inhibitor Nowadays, CPSs have a wide range of applications in smart cities, smart grids, smart manufacturing and intelligent transportation. However, with integration of industrial control systems with modern communication technologies, CPSs would be inevitably exposed to increasing security threats, which could lead to severe degradation of the system performance and even destruction of CPSs. This paper presents a survey on recent advances on security issues of industrial cyber-physical systems (ICPSs). We specifically discuss two typical kinds of attacks, i.e., Denial-of-Service (DoS) attack and Deception attack, and present recent results in terms of attack detection, estimation, and control of ICPSs. Classifications of current studies are analyzed and summarized based on different system modeling and analysis methods. In addition, advantages and disadvantage of various methodologies are also discussed. Finally, the paper concludes with some potential future research directions on secure ICPSs.This paper presents modeling and designing of robust multi-loop controllers for the terminal voltage and stator frequency regulations of three-phase self-excited induction generator (SEIG) driven by a prime mover. The lack of the internal functionality of the SEIG system often represents a major challenge for most researchers. This is due to the several reasons, such as the absence of perfect mathematical models describing the actual behavior of SEIG, existence of some non-linear modes to be neglected during the linearization step and presence of unavoidable model uncertainties, etc. selleck inhibitor For this purpose, a small-signal-based method is proposed in order to overcome these drawbacks by designing the frequency and voltage linear models of the SEIG around its operating point. These models are carried out through the preprocessed experimental data recorded previously from actual SEIG system. Each appropriate model is independently computed using the identification toolbox of Matlab® software. The main advantage of thew the validity of the proposed linear small-signal models as well as the effectiveness of each proposed robust multi-loop controllers in terms of Nominal Performance (NP) margin, Robust Stability (RS) margin and the trade-off between them. However, when the operating point of the SEIG system changes significantly according to its nominal state, the guarantee of NP-RS trade-off becomes insecure.AC corrosion represents a chronic issue that is faced by the buried metallic pipelines that are neighboring by the high voltage overhead transmission lines (HVOHTLs). In this paper a potassium hydroxide polarization cell (KOH-PC) is employed on the pipeline to mitigate the generated voltage from the power lines' intrusion with the buried pipeline. This work further investigates an integrated system to exploit the discharged energy for compensating the cathodic protection disturbances where a portion of this energy may be converted to DC form and reapplied on the pipeline as a cathodic protection voltage. This paper also presents a comparative analysis of different KOH-PCs' models with different controllers to provide the guidelines for deciding which one of these techniques is more suitable for mitigating the induced voltage and improving the cathodic protection distribution during normal and fault operating conditions of transmission lines. The applied controllers are the artificial-neural-network (ANN), Fuzzy-logic-controller (FLC), and adaptive-neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). The proposed model's performance is implemented through modeling and simulating on MATLAB software with the experimental measurements from the comparative analysis. The ANFIS controller is more precise in differentiation with other controllers in compensating for the CP disturbances.The content of free calcium oxide (f-CaO) in cement clinker is an important index for cement quality. Aiming at the characteristics of strong coupling, time-varying delay and highly non-linearity in cement clinker production, a soft sensor model based on multivariate time series analysis and convolutional neural network (MVTS-CNN) is proposed for the online f-CaO content monitoring. Based on the process industry characteristics, the MVTS-CNN modeling involves the detailed analysis of coupling relationship and time-varying delay in cement production and the application of neural network in multivariate time-series feature extraction. The main researches and contributions are fourfold First, the strong coupling in the production system is further analyzed, and the proposed model is focused on the data coupling between specific processes, not the control coupling. link2 Second, a multivariate time series analysis method is designed to select the time series that may have direct impacts on the f-CaO content in different production conditions, which is founded on the information on time delay range and longest active duration. selleck inhibitor Third, a multivariate time series feature extraction method is designed and adopted in the MVTS-CNN model to extract the multivariate time series features, such as active duration difference features, coupling features, nonlinear features and key time series features. Fourth, a new timing matching method, which is combined the rough timing matching of multivariate time series and the detailed timing matching of key features, is proposed to deal with the time-varying delay in various production conditions. Compared with traditional CNN, support vector machines (SVM) and long-short term memory networks (LSTM), the results demonstrate that the MVTS-CNN model has higher accuracy, better generalization ability and superior robustness.This paper proposes a novel method for offline outlier detection in nonlinear dynamical systems using an input-output dataset of a Topical Negative Pressure Wound Therapy Device, NPWT. The fundamental characteristics of an NPWT describe a chaotic system whose states vary over time and may result in unpredictable and possibly anomalous divergent behavior in the presence of perturbations and other unmodeled system dynamics, despite a quasi-stable controller. Bacterial Memetic Algorithm, BMA, is used to generate fuzzy rule-based models of the input-output dataset. The error definition in the fuzzy rule extraction features a novel application of the Canberra Distance. The optimal number of rules for identifying the outliers, validated against both artificial and real system datasets, is calculated from the sample of inferred fuzzy models. The optimal number of rules is two in both cases based on the maximum average-error-drop. Using three or more rules results in better error performance; however, the algorithm learns the nuances of the outlier patterns instead. Novel methods for creating the outlier list and determining the optimal number of rules for the outlier detection problem are proposed.Animals often fail to faithfully mimic human diseases and drug toxicities, and most in vitro models are not complex enough to recapitulate human body function and pathophysiology. Organ-on-chip culture technology, however, offers a promising tool for the study of tissue development and homeostasis, which has brought us one step closer to performing human experimentation in vitro. To recapitulate the complex functionality of multiple organs at once, their respective on-chip models can be linked to create a functional human body-on-chip platform. link2 Here, we highlight the advantages and translational potentials of body-on-chip platforms in disease modeling, therapeutic development, and personalized medicine. We provide the reader with current limitations of the body-on-chip approach and new ideas to address the pending issues moving forwards.The altered orbital morphology of patients with Crouzon syndrome could have an impact on the planning of treatment in diverse populations, in spite of the confounding influences of different cranial suture synostosis. This study attempted to explore the differences in orbital characteristics between Asian, Caucasian patients with Crouzon syndrome, associated pansynostosis. Eighty-six preoperative computed tomograms (CT) were included (Asian Crouzon syndrome n=10; Asian controls n=24; Caucasian Crouzon syndrome n=19; Caucasian controls n=33) and measured using Mimics software (Materialise). Unique cephalometric measurements related to orbital morphology and position were designed. Crouzon syndrome and race both have interactive effects on protrusion of the globe (p=0.009) and medial horizontal angle (p=0.012) in the assessment of orbital morphology. They also interact in the width of the ethmoid sinus (p=0.009) and influence bilateral orbital relations. The anteroposterior orbital roof in Caucasian patients with Crouzon syndrome was shortened by 4.09mm (p=0.002) compared with Caucasian controls. link2 However, in Asian patients this dimension developed normally. The anteroposterior orbital floor was significantly reduced to a similar extent in both Asian and Caucasian Crouzon patients (both p less then 0.001). The visual axes in Caucasian patients with Crouzon showed more inferior rotation, by 4.38° (p=0.031) than they did in Caucasian controls, but did not achieve a statistically significant difference in other comparisons. link3 The effect of Crouzon syndrome on orbital malformation and placement is influenced by race, especially structures related to the ethmoid sinus. Asian patients need greater infraorbital advancement for better correction of orbital proptosis and aesthetic benefits, but may require less fronto-orbital advancement than Caucasian patients.In spite of the development of modern injection techniques, palatal injection is still a painful experience for patients. A plethora of techniques has been tested to reduce this. link3 One such technique that has been claimed to work is administering articaine on the buccal side alone for the extraction of maxillary teeth due to its ability to diffuse through soft and hard tissues more reliably than other local anaesthetics. link3 This split mouth study evaluated the efficacy of 4% articaine with 1100000 adrenaline to avoid the painful palatal injection for bilateral permanent maxillary tooth extraction in 50 patients. The 100mm 10 point Visual Analog Scale/Wong Baker Facial Pain Scale was used to rate the amount of pain felt on injection, on probing the tissues prior to, or during, extraction, and one hour postoperatively. Although the buccal injection alone resulted in lower pain while injecting the anaesthetic, it did not result in the absence of pain before tooth extraction as has been suggested by various studies. A total of 74% patients required a palatal injection on the study side.