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03). Time to discharge from ED in the TXA group was significantly lower than the PANP group (p<0.001)
The absolute risk reduction (ARR), relative risk reduction, and number needed to harm of treatment with TXA for anterior nasal bleeding were 14.00% (95%CI 1.11 - 26.89), 17.50% (95%CI 0.60 - 37.27), and 7.14 (95%CI 3.71 -90.43), respectively.
Topical TXA is an appropriate treatment option in bleeding cessation, and reducing re-bleeding and duration of hospital stay in patients with epistaxis who take antiplatelet agents.
Topical TXA is an appropriate treatment option in bleeding cessation, and reducing re-bleeding and duration of hospital stay in patients with epistaxis who take antiplatelet agents.Vertical transmission of the novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), has been reported in case reports and series, while the data regarding its transmission is still not enough. Thus, presenting different experiences form various regions could help better understand the virus behavior in pregnancy. We herein report a possible vertical transmission of COVID-19 from a mother to the neonate. A 41-year-old mother with signs and symptoms of acute respiratory illness presented with labor pain and vaginal leak at 37 weeks of gestation. She tested positive for COVID-19 using RT-PCR and underwent emergency cesarean section delivery and gave birth to a girl neonate. The baby tested positive for the COVID-19. Although vertical transmission of COVID-19 has not been proved yet, but there are several lines of evidences suggesting it. Paying close attention to the mother and newborn with COVID-19 and long-term follow-up are needed for better understanding of the virus in pregnancy.
When cardiac arrest occurs in a confined space, such as in an aircraft or ambulance, kneeling by the patient's side may be difficult. Straddle chest compression is an alternative technique that can be used in a confined space. This study was performed to compare the quality of chest compressions in straddle versus conventional CPR on a manikin model.
The participants were randomized into two groups using the sequential numbered, opaque, sealed envelope method chosen through block-of-four randomization straddle and conventional chest compression technique. Each participant performed a maximum of 4 minutes of hands-only chest compressions, and quality parameters (compression rate and depth) were recorded from the defibrillator's monitor.
124 participants with mean age of 26.67 ± 6.90 years (27.58% male) were studied. There was no difference in the mean compression rate between the conventional and straddle chest compression techniques (126.18 ± 17.11 and 127.01 ± 21.01 compressions/min, respectively; p = 0.811) or their mean compression depth (43.8 ± 9.60 and 43.4 ± 9.10 mm, respectively; p = 0.830). The participants' comfort and fatigue were assessed through changes in their vital signs. Tofacitinib mw In both methods, statistically significant differences were observed in vital signs before and after performing chest compression, but the differences were not clinically significant. In addition, there was no difference between the 2 groups in this regard.
The quality of CPR using the straddle chest compression was as good as conventional chest compression technique. No significant differences were found in the quality of chest compressions or the participants' comfort and fatigue levels.
The quality of CPR using the straddle chest compression was as good as conventional chest compression technique. No significant differences were found in the quality of chest compressions or the participants' comfort and fatigue levels.
Spinal immobilization is the most important measure the Emergency Medical Service (EMS) has to take when facing the victims of traumatic events, especially those with confirmed or suspected traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI). The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical skills of EMS personnel regarding the spinal immobilization of trauma victims.
This cross-sectional study was conducted to examine the clinical skills of EMS personnel, regarding spinal immobilization of trauma victims during a 1-year period in 2019. EMS personnel were selected via convenience sampling method. Data collection tools were a demographic questionnaire and a researcher-made checklist to assess clinical skills. The face and content validity of the tool was reviewed and approved by 10 experts. Also, the overall reliability coefficient for the skills was 0.98. Data were collected by the researcher through observing the skills performed, and filling out the clinical skills checklist accordingly.
The mean overall score of the clinical skills of the 120 participants regarding spinal immobilization of trauma victims in supine, prone, and sitting positions were 0.60 ± 1.44, 0.58 ± 1.42 and 0.65 ± 1.62, respectively. Most of the studied personnel had moderate clinical skills in spinal immobilization, and they had poor clinical skills required to correctly pull the trauma victims in the longitudinal axis of the body to put them on a long backboard and immobilize their torso, legs, and head using the Kendrick Extrication Device (KED).
The studied EMS personnel had moderate clinical skills regarding the spinal immobilization of trauma victims. It is recommended that the EMS training programs focus more on the practical aspects of clinical skills in addition to theoretical aspects.
The studied EMS personnel had moderate clinical skills regarding the spinal immobilization of trauma victims. It is recommended that the EMS training programs focus more on the practical aspects of clinical skills in addition to theoretical aspects.
Like other infectious diseases, it is expected that COVID-19 will mostly end with the development of neutralizing antibody immunity. This study aimed to evaluate the value of COVID-19 antibody rapid test assessment in emergency medical services (EMS) personnel.
This cross-sectional study was conducted in Tehran, Iran from 20th March until 20th May 2020. The results of chest computed tomography (CT) scan, and antibody rapid test were compared in EMS personnel with confirmed COVID-19, as well as symptomatic and asymptomatic ones who had exposure to a probable/confirmed COVID-19 teammate. In symptomatic or asymptomatic individuals who were only IgM-positive, chest CT scan or RT-PCR was recommended.
A total of 243 EMS personnel with the mean age of 36.14±8.70 (range 21 to 59) years took part in this study (87.7% were males). Most of the participants (73.3%) had history of exposure. One hundred sixty-three EMS personnel were tested using either RT-PCR test or chest CT-scan or both, and 78 (47.9%) of them had at least one positive result.
