Dyergiles8890

omas that can be used in clinical practice. Copyright © 2020 Liu, Zhu, Zhang, Meng, Sun, Zhang, Fan and Kang.Chemoradiotherapy as an alternative to surgery can be offered to patients affected by loco-regionally advanced head and neck cancer (HNC). Induction chemotherapy is a valid option, supported by few positive trials, but its real efficacy is still a matter of debate. The standard regimen for induction chemotherapy in Europe is a combination of docetaxel (75 mg/m2) and reduced dose doses of cisplatin (75 mg/m2) and 5-fluorouracil (750 mg/m2 day, for five consecutive days) (TPF). It is less toxic and more effective than the historical therapy PF (cisplatin 100 mg/m2 and fluorouracil 1,000 mg/m2/day for five consecutive days). However, in some studies treatment-related mortality has been reported to be as high as 6%. Therefore, some less toxic combinations, such as a modified TPF regimen and the combination of carboplatin plus paclitaxel have been studied. ABBV2222 These regimens are showing promising results but deserve further validation in comparative trials. Furthermore, several trials are underway in order to enhance TPF with immune checkpoints inhibitors. Compared to chemoradiotherapy, induction chemotherapy followed by chemoradiation was shown to be non-inferior, and it could decrease the distant metastatic progression, especially in high-risk populations. For selected patients, induction chemotherapy could be a strong option. The chemoselective process that leads to immediate surgery for non-responders, the high response rate (complete responses are sometimes observed), and the survival data, are all arguments in favor of induction chemotherapy, if performed in experienced centers involving health professionals in the context of a skilled multidisciplinary team. Copyright © 2020 Ferrari, Ghi, Franzese, Codecà, Gau and Fayette.Locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) has a dismal prognosis even after standard chemotherapy, and local progression contributes to nearly one-third of the deaths of these patients. As a local destructive method, irreversible electroporation (IRE) can feasibly treat LAPC. The aim of this study was to evaluate IRE combined with chemotherapy as a new treatment and compare its efficacy with that of chemotherapy alone in patients with LAPC. The data of LAPC patients who received chemotherapy with or without IRE were extracted from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database and medical records of Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC). The efficacy of these two treatments was compared using propensity score matching (PSM) analysis. LAPC patients treated with the combination therapy had better overall survival (OS). Significantly higher cancer-specific survival (CSS) and progression-free survival (PFS) rates were also observed in patients after IRE combined with chemotherapy, compared with chemotherapy alone. IRE combined with chemotherapy was established as a favorable factor for OS, CSS, and PFS in LAPC patients. This combination method may be a more suitable treatment for patients with LAPC. Copyright © 2020 He, Huang, Zhang, Cai, Lin and Li.Cellular metabolic reprogramming is now recognized as a hallmark of tumors. Altered tumor metabolism determines the malignant biological behaviors and phenotypes of cancer. More recently, studies have begun to reveal that cancer cells generally exhibit increased glycolysis or oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) for Adenosine Triphosphate(ATP)generation, which is frequently associated with drug resistance. The metabolism of drug-resistant cells is regulated by the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway which ultimately confer cancer cells drug resistance phenotype. The key enzymes involved in glycolysis and the key molecules in relevant pathways have been used as targets to reverse drug resistance. In this review, we highlight our current understanding of the role of metabolic symbiosis in therapeutic resistance and discuss the ongoing effort to develop metabolic inhibitors as anti-cancer drugs to overcome drug resistance to classical chemotherapy. Copyright © 2020 Ma and Zong.Objectives This study aims to explore the roles of 13 m6A RNA methylation regulators in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), and identify a risk signature and prognostic values of m6A RNA methylation regulators in ccRCC. Materials and Methods RNA sequence data of ccRCC was obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Differentially expressed of 13 m6A RNA methylation regulators in ccRCC stratified by different clinicopathological characteristics were unveiled using "limma" package in R version 3.6.0. Cox regression and LASSO analyses were conducted to identify the powerful independent prognostic factors in ccRCC associated with overall survival (OS). Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and correlation analyses of the 13 m6A RNA methylation regulators were performed using "STRING" and R package, respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA) was also done using R. In addition, gene ontology (GO), GSEA and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways were used to functionally annotate g, Zhang, He and Gou.Activity of heparanase, responsible for cleavage of heparan sulfate (HS), is strongly implicated in tumor metastasis. This is due primarily to remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) that becomes more prone to invasion by metastatic tumor cells. In addition, heparanase promotes the development of blood and lymph vessels that mobilize disseminated cells to distant organs. Here, we provide evidence for an additional mechanism by which heparanase affects cell motility, namely the destruction of E-cadherin based adherent junctions (AJ). We found that overexpression of heparanase or its exogenous addition results in reduced E-cadherin levels in the cell membrane. This was associated with a substantial increase in the phosphorylation levels of E-cadherin, β-catenin, and p120-catenin, the latter recognized as a substrate of Src. Indeed, we found that Src phosphorylation is increased in heparanase overexpressing cells, associating with a marked decrease in the interaction of E-cadherin with β-catenin, which is instrumental for AJ integrity and cell-cell adhesion. Notably, the association of E-cadherin with β-catenin in heparanase overexpressing cells was restored by Src inhibitor, along with reduced cell migration. These results imply that heparanase promotes tumor metastasis by virtue of its enzymatic activity responsible for remodeling of the ECM, and by signaling aspects that result in Src-mediated phosphorylation of E-cadherin/catenins and loosening of cell-cell contacts that are required for maintaining the integrity of epithelial sheets. Copyright © 2020 Cohen-Kaplan, Ilan and Vlodavsky.Urinary tract stones are a general term for stone disease in various parts of the urinary system and are common diseases of the urinary system. According to the location of the stone, it is divided into kidney stones, ureteral stones, bladder stones, urethra stones. Total urinary calculi occur less frequently, usually accompanied by severe clinical symptoms and difficult to treat. A 76-year-old man was admitted to hospital with repeated bladder stones for 7 years, repeated dysuria with frequent urination and dysuria for 2 months. After admission, the patient improved the relevant examination, and the patient was finally diagnosed with total urinary calculi combined with infection. After a series of orderly and effective treatments, especially the completion of the one-stage operation, the patient recovered smoothly and was discharged. link2 Complicated whole-course urolithiasis is relatively rare and a single operation of total urinary calculi is feasible. 2019 Translational Andrology and Urology. All rights reserved.Cake kidney is a rare abnormality of the urinary tract. link3 It is generally asymptomatic but can lead to renal and nonspecific systemic manifestations. This report describes a case of cake kidney drained through a single ureter diagnosed in a female patient with recurring urinary infection. 2019 Translational Andrology and Urology. All rights reserved.Psychogenic anejaculation is a unique problem which accounts for 0.4-0.5% of anejaculation patients. Although patients with this problem may experience erections and nocturnal emissions (NEs), they do not experience ejaculation during either masturbation or coitus. The etiology is presently unknown. Penile vibratory stimulation (PVS) and electroejaculation (EEJ) have been the main methods of sperm retrieval for psychogenic anejaculation couples undergoing assisted reproduction technology (ART). However, there is no special treatment which can heal psychogenic anejaculation patients. Here, we report two psychogenic anejaculation patients who recovered normal ejaculation ability after PVS or EEJ procedure. 2019 Translational Andrology and Urology. All rights reserved.Renal ectopia occurs in 13,000-17,000 children. Simple ectopia refers to the abnormal kidney location on the same side; in crossed ectopia the ureter crosses the midline of the body. Pelvic ectopic solitary kidney with hydronephrosis due to ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) is even rarer in clinical practice. We report a case of a pelvic ectopic solitary kidney with hydronephrosis due to UPJO in an 18-year-old girl. Three-dimensional computed tomography (CT) scan showed the Single Ectopic Kidney with irregular shape lying in the pelvis and its cortex is very thin because of the grossly dilated renal pelvis and ureter. The terminal ureteral joined the right posterior wall of bladder. The renal artery originated from the bilateral common iliac artery, and laparoscopic pyeloplasty was performed. 18 months after the surgery, hydronephrosis was improved morphologically, and the estimated glomerular filtration rate was stable. 2019 Translational Andrology and Urology. All rights reserved.Background Previous studies have investigated magnetic resonance imaging-targeted biopsy (MRI-TBx) on the detection for prostate cancer (PCa). Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS), as a standardized MRI reporting system, has widely been used in the management of PCa. However, basing the PI-RADS score, the comparability between MRI-TBx and transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy (TRUS-Bx) in diagnosing PCa remained inconsistent or even controversial. Thus, this systematic meta-analysis aimed to assess the value of PI-RADS in sifting better prostate biopsy method. Methods A meta-analysis including 10 articles was performed. In these included studies, biopsy-naive subjects with concerning PSA levels and/or an abnormal digital rectal examination (DRE) were consecutively enrolled by referral from urologists. All subjects underwent multiparameter MRI (mpMRI) prostate and the results were scored independently by PI-RADS. Subjects with equivocal (PI-RADS 3) and intermediate/high-risk (PI-RADS 4/5) lesionor 5, no significant results were detected between MRI-TBx and TRUS-Bx (OR =0.96, 95% CI 0.87-1.06) for overall PCa detection. The stratification analyses by Gleason score found that TRUS-Bx had an advantage over MRI-TBx in non-csPCa patients (OR =0.76, 95% CI 0.60-0.98); However, there was no significant difference in the detection rate of csPCa (OR =1.05, 95% CI 0.93-1.20). Conclusions This meta-analysis indicated that using TRUS-Bx was better than MRI-TBx for the diagnosis of PCa in PI-RADS 3; Besides, TRUS-Bx have an advantage over MRI-TBx in the detection for non-csPCa in PI-RADS 4 or 5. Therefore, PI-RADS could be used as a MRI evaluation system in the selection of prostate biopsy. 2019 Translational Andrology and Urology. All rights reserved.