Dunnconner1532

Therefore, the GG-F can be applied for the future analysis in verifying the mechanism of GG characters and can be a promising candidate for bio-imaging.The study investigated biosynthesis of selenoproteins by Saccharomyces. cerevisiae using inorganic selenium. Selenium supplement via two stages was carried out during fermentation and the physicochemical characteristics of selenoproteins and its antioxidant activities were examined through in vitro assessment procedures. After fermentation, dry cells weight (7.47 g/L) and selenium content (3079.60 μg/kg) in the yeast were achieved when fermentation time points at the 6th hour and the 9th hour were chosen to supplement 30% and 70% of 30 μg/mL Na2SeO3 respectively. A maximal yield of selenium content in selenoproteins reached 1013.07 μg/g under optimized culture conditions and was 133-fold higher than the control. One new band with molecular weight of 26.76 KDa appeared in conjugated selenoproteins of sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Surface structure of selenoproteins and the control was different by Scanning electron microscopy images. Infrared spectrometry analysis demonstrated that groups of HSe, SeO and C-Se-O involved in selenoproteins were important pieces of evidence showing presence of Se embedded in the protein molecule. Selenoproteins showed strong antioxidant activities on DPPH·, OH and ·O2-, which was much higher than the control proteins. Therefore, the study provided an efficient selenium-enriched culture method of inorganic selenite to organic selenium and basis for selenoproteins applications.This study aims to explore the production and physicochemical properties of an exopolysaccharide (EPS) produced from soil isolate, Paenibacillus sp. ZX1905 in submerged culture. The highest EPS production of 15.67 g/L was achieved in a medium containing soluble starch, peptone and inorganic salts. The purified EPS exhibited excellent skin lubricating properties and was named lubcan. The chemical analysis reviewed that lubcan was an acidic heteropolysaccharide consisted of glucuronic acid, glucose, mannose, galactose, and rhamnose in a molar ratio of 23122, and the average molecular mass was about 3.27 × 106 Da. NMR and methylation analysis revealed that lubcan backbone was composed of 1,4-α-Man, 1,4,6-α-Glc, 1,3-α-Gal, 1,3-β-Rha, and 1,3-β-Gal, together with the branches of 1,3-α-Glc, 1,3-α-Rha, two 1,4-α-GlcA, and terminal-α-Glc(4,6-pyr). The lubcan solution exhibited stability at pH ranging from 5.0 to 7.0, temperature between 5 and 50 °C, and monovalent salts (0.2 M) and divalent salts (0.05 M) addition. PP242 in vivo The moisture absorption rates of lubcan were 16.98% and 40.41% under the conditions of 43% and 81% relative humidity, which were close to that of hyaluronic acid (17.28% and 41.20%, respectively). These properties make lubcan a good alternative to more expensive hyaluronic acid in the cosmetic industry.Silk is extensively investigated in bone tissue engineering due to its extraordinary mechanical properties and ability to regulate biomineralization. Protein templates regulate biomineralization process through chemical interaction with ions. However, the effect of structural differences in silk fibroin on biomineralization has not been studied in detail. In this study, Antheraea pernyi silk fibroin (ASF) and Bombyx mori silk fibroin (BSF) fibers were used as templates to study the effect of silk species on biomineralization. The results showed that silk fibroin could induce the formation of calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite in simulated body fluid (SBF), and the SBF treatment resulted in the formation of silk I crystals. Compared with BSF, ASF exhibited a higher ability to induce mineralization, which may depend on the differences in hydrophilic amorphous fractions between ASF and BSF. The amorphous fractions of ASF contain more acidic amino acids, which can provide more nucleation sites in the initial stage of mineralization, resulting in faster mineralization process and more mineral deposits. This study decodes the key role of silk fibroin fractions on biomineralization, and provides deeper insights for the study of silk fibroin as biomineralization template and bone repair materials.Edible films and coatings can enhance the quality of food products, protecting them from biological deterioration, especially against fungal diseases and pathogenic microorganisms. In this study, films from chitosan, diethylaminoethyl-chitosan (DEAE-CH) and its hydrophobicized derivative DEAE-CH-DD were prepared by casting and their physicochemical and antimicrobial properties evaluated. The grafting with DEAE and dodecyl groups resulted in films with an elasticity modulus up to five times higher than commercial chitosan and increased water vapor permeability. Field emission gun - scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy techniques showed films with smooth surfaces and the contact angle measurements revealed a correlation between the grafted group and hydrophilic/hydrophobic nature of the surface of the film. The amphiphilic derivatives exhibited better antimicrobial activity than unmodified chitosan against Penecillium expansum, Alternaria alternata and Alternaria solani. The amphiphilics DEAE-CH and DEAE-CH-DD showed no toxicity and delayed rotting and loss of water in strawberries and bananas, suggesting that this kind of film has great potential for increasing the shelf-life of different fruits.The water-soluble fractions of pectin extracted from the pulp of ripe papayas have already been found to exert positive effects on cancer cell cultures. However, the mechanisms that lead to these beneficial effects and the pectin characteristics that exert these effects are still not well understood. Characteristics such as molecular size, monosaccharide composition and structural conformation are known as polysaccharide factors that can cause alterations in cellular response. During fruit ripening, a major polysaccharide solubilization, depolymerization, and chemical modification occur. The aims of this work are to fractionate the pectin extracted from the pulp of papayas at two stages of ripening (fourth and ninth day after harvesting) into uronic and neutral fractions and to test them for the inhibition of human recombinant galectin-3 and the inhibition of colon cancer cell growth. The structures of the fractions were chemically characterized, and the uronic fraction extracted from the fourth day after harvesting presented the best biological effects across different concentrations in both galectin-3 inhibition and viability assays.