Dukethrane3595

Natural plant extracts and compounds (NPECs), which originate from herbs or plants, have been used in the clinical treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) for many years. Over the years, many scientists have carried out a series of studies on the treatment of RA by NPEC. They found a high quantity of active NPECs with broad application prospects. In view of various complex functions of these NPECs, exploring their potential as medicines for RA treatment will be beneficial for RA patients. Thus, to help advance the development of high-quality NPECs for RA, we herein aimed to review the research progress of NPECs in the treatment of RA in recent years. Our findings showed that, from the pharmacological perspective, natural plant extracts or mixed herbal compounds effectively regulate the immune system to alleviate RA by inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines. Further, individualized medication can be applied according to each patient's physical condition. However, the pathogenesis of RA and its immune mechanism has not been fully understood and requires further studies.First-line immune-checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based therapy has deeply changed the treatment landscape and prognosis in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (aNSCLC) patients with no targetable alterations. Nonetheless, a percentage of patients progressed on ICI as monotherapy or combinations. Open questions remain on patients' selection, the identification of biomarkers of primary resistance to immunotherapy and the treatment strategies to overcome secondary resistance to first-line immunotherapy. Local ablative approaches are the main therapeutic strategies in oligoprogressive disease, and their role is emerging in patients treated with immunotherapy. Many therapeutic strategies can be adapted in aNSCLC patients with systemic progression to personalize the treatment approach according to re-characterization of the tumors, previous ICI response, and type of progression. This review's aim is to highlight and discuss the current and potential therapeutic approaches beyond first-line ICI-based therapy in aNSCLC patients based on the pattern of disease progression (oligoprogression versus systemic progression).Using rotors to expose animals to different levels of hypergravity is an efficient means of understanding how altered gravity affects physiological functions, interactions between physiological systems and animal development. Furthermore, rotors can be used to prepare space experiments, e.g., conducting hypergravity experiments to demonstrate the feasibility of a study before its implementation and to complement inflight experiments by comparing the effects of micro- and hypergravity. In this paper, we present a new platform called the Gravitational Experimental Platform for Animal Models (GEPAM), which has been part of European Space Agency (ESA)'s portfolio of ground-based facilities since 2020, to study the effects of altered gravity on aquatic animal models (amphibian embryos/tadpoles) and mice. This platform comprises rotors for hypergravity exposure (three aquatic rotors and one rodent rotor) and models to simulate microgravity (cages for mouse hindlimb unloading and a random positioning machine (RPM)). Four species of amphibians can be used at present. All murine strains can be used and are maintained in a specific pathogen-free area. This platform is surrounded by numerous facilities for sample preparation and analysis using state-of-the-art techniques. Finally, we illustrate how GEPAM can contribute to the understanding of molecular and cellular mechanisms and the identification of countermeasures.Climate change risk has become an important challenge for global sustainable development. The insurance industry can play an important role in coping with the increasingly severe climate change risk. This paper first describes the increasing climate change risk and the difficulties of the insurance mechanism in dealing with it. Selleck CB-5083 Then this paper summarizes the international practice of using the insurance mechanism to deal with climate change risk from ten different aspects. Based on the summary of the role of the insurance mechanism in dealing with this risk in developing countries, this paper puts forward the main application areas for climate change risk insurance and discusses the policy implications of developing climate change risk insurance in China.MicroRNAs (miRs) are non-coding master regulators of transcriptome that could act as tumor suppressors (TSs) or oncogenes (oncomiRs). We aimed to systematically investigate the relevance of miRs as prognostic biomarkers in primary glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) treated with postoperative radio(chemo)therapy (PORT). For hypothesis generation, tumor miR expression by Agilent 8x15K human microRNA microarrays and survival data from 482 GBM patients of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA cohort) were analyzed using Cox-PH models. Expression of candidate miRs with prognostic relevance (miR-221/222; miR-17-5p, miR-18a, miR-19b) was validated by qRT-PCR using Taqman technology on an independent validation cohort of GBM patients (n = 109) treated at Heidelberg University Hospital (HD cohort). In TCGA, 50 miRs showed significant association with survival. Among the top ranked prognostic miRs were members of the two miR families miR-221/222 and miR-17-92. Loss of miR-221/222 was correlated with improved prognosis in both cohorts (TCGA, HD) and was an independent prognostic marker in a multivariate analysis considering demographic characteristics (age, sex, Karnofsky performance index (KPI)), molecular markers (O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) methylation, IDH mutation status) and PORT as co-variables. The prognostic value of miR-17-92 family members was ambiguous and in part contradictory by direct comparison of the two cohorts, thus warranting further validation in larger prospective trials.Ovarian cancer treatment strategy is mainly based on three pillars cytoreductive surgery, platinum-based chemotherapy, and targeted therapies. The latter in the last decade has provided a remarkable improvement in progression free patients and, hopefully, in overall survival. In particular, poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors exploit BRCA 1/2 mutations and DNA damage response deficiencies, which are believed to concern up to 50% of high grade epithelial ovarian cancer cases. While these agents have an established role in ovarian cancer treatment strategy in BRCA mutated and homologous recombination deficient patients, an appropriate predictive molecular test to select patients is lacking in clinical practice. At the same time, the impressive results of immunotherapy in other malignancies, have opened the space for the introduction of immune-stimulatory drugs in ovarian cancer. Despite immune checkpoint inhibitors as a monotherapy bringing only modest efficacy when assessed in pretreated ovarian cancer patients, the combination with chemotherapy, anti-angiogenetics, PARP inhibitors, and radiotherapy is believed to warrant further investigation. We reviewed literature evidence on PARP inhibitors and immunotherapy in ovarian cancer treatment.Background and Objectives To retrospectively assess the value of magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) parameters derived from conventional and diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) sequences to differentiate fibrotic strictures from inflammatory ones in adult patients with Crohn's disease (CD), using surgical specimens as the histopathological reference standard. Material and Methods Twenty-three patients with CD who had undergone surgical resection of ileal strictures with full-thickness histopathologic analysis within 3 months from preoperative MRE were included. Two radiologists blinded to histopathology in consensus evaluated the following biomarkers on MRE images matched to resected pathological specimens T1 ratio, T2 ratio, enhancement pattern, mural thickness, pre-stenotic luminal diameter, and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). A blinded pathologist graded stricture histological specimens with acute inflammation score (AIS) and fibrosis score (FS). MRE measurements were correlated with the reference standard. Results Inflammation and fibrosis coexisted in 78.3% of patients. T2 ratio was reduced in patients with severe fibrosis (p = 0.01). Pre-stenotic bowel dilatation positively correlated with FS (p = 0.002). The ADC value negatively correlated with FS (p less then 0.001) and was different between FS grades (p less then 0.05). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for discriminating between none and mild/moderate-severe bowel wall fibrosis was 0.75 for pre-stenotic bowel dilatation (sensitivity 100%, specificity 44.4%) and 0.97 for ADC (sensitivity 80%, specificity 100%). Conclusions Inflammation and fibrosis often coexist in CD bowel strictures needing surgery. The combination of parameters derived from conventional MR sequences (T2 ratio, pre-stenotic dilatation) and from DWI (ADC) may provide a contribution to detect and grade bowel fibrosis in adult CD patients.In this paper, a deep learning-based traffic state discrimination method is proposed to detect traffic congestion at urban intersections. The detection algorithm includes two parts, global speed detection and a traffic state discrimination algorithm. Firstly, the region of interest (ROI) is selected as the road intersection from the input image of the You Only Look Once (YOLO) v3 object detection algorithm for vehicle target detection. The Lucas-Kanade (LK) optical flow method is employed to calculate the vehicle speed. Then, the corresponding intersection state can be obtained based on the vehicle speed and the discrimination algorithm. The detection of the vehicle takes the position information obtained by YOLOv3 as the input of the LK optical flow algorithm and forms an optical flow vector to complete the vehicle speed detection. Experimental results show that the detection algorithm can detect the vehicle speed and traffic state discrimination method can judge the traffic state accurately, which has a strong anti-interference ability and meets the practical application requirements.Medicinal plants with antibacterial effects have been used by humans for centuries. In the recent decade, due to the development of antibiotic resistant strains, many studies have focused on the use of natural compounds as feed additives in livestock. Ginger, among all, have repetitively shown numerous biological activities, antibacterial, and antibiotic properties. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of ginger root powder (GP) on the performance, egg quality, and blood parameters of Japanese quail. A total of 240 10-weeks old female quails were used in a completely randomized design with 4 treatments, 4 replicates, and 15 birds per replicate. Dietary treatment were basal diet (control) and basal diet containing 0.5, 1, and 1.5 g/kg of ginger root powder. Growth performance and exterior and interior quality of egg were measured biweekly over eight-week period. At the end of experiment blood parameters were evaluated. The results showed that diet supplementation with different levels of GP had no e time for commercial use.