Duketerkelsen1721

Tea is prepared from the young leaves, buds, stalks of the plant Camellia sinensis. The cultivation process of tea plants and the habit of tea drinking were initiated in China from ancient times. Now, the consumption of tea is very popular throughout the world and it is an integral part of our social culture. Tea contains polyphenolic compounds (catechins and epicatechins), theaflavins, flavonol glycosides, L-theanine, caffeine, theobromine, and volatile organic substances. These bioactive components are responsible for the astringency, flavor, aroma, and taste of the tea as well as its health beneficial effects. Moreover, tea has several medicinal values. The phytochemical components are involved in the prevention and cure of many illnesses like cardiovascular diseases, malignancy, digestive dysfunction, and metabolic disorders like obesity, diabetes. Tea flavonoids show strong antioxidant properties. Caffeine and other methylxanthine regulate the intracellular second messenger levels. Additionally, catechins exhibit anti-inflammatory effects. All these multidimensional actions make some positive attributes in favor of neuroprotection, cardioprotection, and cancer prevention. Various approaches are also taken to use tea ingredients as an adjuvant in cancer therapy. This review emphasizes the importance of bioactive components, and their health promotional activities. KEY TEACHING POINTS Origin and brief history of tea. Processing steps and characteristics of different types of teas. Bioactive components of teas (green and black tea), their biochemical characteristics and health promotional effects. Role of different bioactive components to control the various physiological and metabolic disorders. Possibilities of use of tea component in cancer therapy.Introduction Telephone-based telemedicine was temporarily permitted in Korea during the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study was to assess satisfaction with the telemedicine done during temporary hospital closing when in-person visits were not allowed due to in-hospital COVID-19 transmission. Methods Survey questionnaires partially taken from a telehealth usability questionnaire (TUQ) were sent to 6,840 patients who used telephone-based telemedicine from February 24 to March 7, 2020. Questionnaires sent to patients and additionally created questionnaires to evaluate telemedicine were sent to medical staff (182 doctors and 138 nurses). Results Response rates of patients and medical staff were 13.2% and 17.2%, respectively. Patients' satisfaction with telemedicine was significantly greater than medical staff's satisfaction for all five components taken from TUQ (all p = 0.000). In addition, created questionnaires showed good reliability, obtaining similar results between doctors and nurses (all p > 0.05). selleck products More than 85% of medical staff replied that telemedicine was needed in COVID-19, whereas more than 80% of them worried about incomplete assessment and communication of medical condition. Overall satisfaction with telemedicine by medical staff was 49.7%. The strength of telephone-based telemedicine was patients' convenience (53.4%). However, incomplete assessment of patients' condition (55.0%) was its weakness. Conclusion Satisfaction with telephone-based telemedicine by patients was significantly greater than that by medical staff (doctors and nurses). Negative views for safety and inconvenience resulted in a greater proportion of dissatisfaction among medical staff. For safe application of telemedicine, medical staff insisted that developing a platform and creating guidelines should be needed.Inspired by natural swarms such as bees and ants, various types of swarm robotic systems have been developed to work together to complete tasks that transcend individual capabilities. Autonomous robots controlled by collective algorithm and colloidal swarms energized by external field have been designed in an attempt to emulate collective behaviors in nature. However, either sophisticated hardware designs or active agents with special electromagnetic properties and microstructural designs are needed. Here, for the first time, we create a swarm robotic system that can make any granular materials an active swarm robot by acoustic vibration tweezer. It should be noted that the particles energized by only one vibration generator are ordinary sand without any microstructural design. Therefore, it is the simplest and lowest cost swarm robot. Particles can display a solid-like aggregate, which is capable of robustly carrying and transporting an object that is about 1 million times heavier than a single particle. Moreover, through the cooperation of two swarm robots, we can achieve cooperative transport of a stick with a length of 1000 times the diameter of a single particle. The particle robot can move in a fluid-like amorphous group, which can change its own shape to adapt to the surrounding environment, thus having a strong environmental adaptability. Besides, it can move quickly (about 600 times the particle diameter per second) in a discrete state. Within one certain particle system, the particle swarm robot can emulate diverse biomimetic collective behaviors through navigated locomotion, multimode transformation, and cooperative transport.Aflatoxins are carcinogenic mycotoxins that contaminate a variety of crops worldwide. Acute exposure can cause liver failure, and chronic exposure can lead to stunting in children and liver cancer in adults. We estimated aflatoxin exposure across Uganda by measuring a serum biomarker of aflatoxin exposure in a subsample from the 2011 Uganda AIDS Indicator Survey, a nationally representative survey of HIV prevalence, and examined its association with geographic, demographic, and socioeconomic variables. We analysed a subsample of 985 serum specimens selected among HIV-negative participants from 10 survey-defined geographic regions for serum aflatoxin B1-lysine (AFB1-lys) by use of isotope dilution LC-MS/MS and calculated results normalised to serum albumin. We used statistical techniques for censored data to estimate geometric means (GMs), standard deviations, and percentiles. We detected serum AFB1-lys in 71.7% of specimens (LOD = 0.5 pg/mg albumin). Unadjusted GM AFB1-lys (pg/mg albumin) was 1.33 (95% CI 1.21-1.