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In this study, we obtained four alternative splicing transcripts of intracellular copper/zinc superoxide dismutase 1 (icCuZnSOD1) in Oxya chinensis. OcicCuZnSOD1a has all common characteristics of CuZnSOD family and is a canonical CuZnSOD. OcicCuZnSOD1b is missing a Zn binding site. OcicCuZnSOD1c lacks Zn ion and is a Cu-only SOD. OcicCuZnSOD1d is missing a CuZnSOD conserved sequence and lacks the E-loop, a conserved disulfide bond, and an active site arginine. OcicCuZnSOD1a was the most heat-resistant and OcicCuZnSOD1c was the most unstable at high temperatures above 55 °C. They were stable at a wide pH range, especially in alkaline conditions. The four variants expressed at the throughout developmental stages and had various tissue expression patterns. OcicCuZnSOD1a and OcicCuZnSOD1d were significantly induced by 8.79 mM CuCl2 and OcicCuZnSOD1b was significantly up-regulated by 14.67 mM CuCl2. OcicCuZnSOD1a was significantly inhibited by 19.13 mM ZnSO4 while OcicCuZnSOD1d were significantly induced by 22.61 mM ZnSO4. Disc diffusion assay showed that the four isoforms of OcicCuZnSOD1 made the killing zones smaller surrounding the CdCl2-soaked filter discs. However, the reduction ratios of OcicCuZnSOD1a were the highest. These results implied that the four transcripts played roles in defense against CdCl2-induced oxidative stress while OcicCuZnSOD1a had stronger antioxidant capacity.Water contamination by heavy metal pollutants is a global concern due to detrimental effects on the environment and human health. Regenerable, high-performance heavy metal sorbents are urgently demanded for improved water purification. Herein, we present an elegant strategy of interweaving metal-organic framework (MOF-808-ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid) and TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers (TCNF) to construct freeways in hybrid aerogels for rapid and efficient transport and capture of heavy metal ions. In this strategy, a postsynthetic ligand exchange approach is applied to introduce ordered and high-density accessible binding sites for metal ions. The prepared aerogels show excellent shapeability, ultralow density less than 0.005 g cm-3, and high hierarchical porosity of 99.82%. Furthermore, benefiting from the abundant chelating groups and accessible surface areas, these aerogels exhibit outstanding uptake capacity of 300 mg g-1 and rapid adsorption kinetics of 0.031 mg g-1 h-1 for Cu(II) ions, significantly better than conventional TCNF aerogels. The aerogels could be easily regenerated at least five cycles without greatly performance loss. These aerogels could effectively remove diverse heavy metal ions from complicated contaminated water. Thus, this work provides a novel method to synthesize environmental-friendly, regenerable, and high-performance adsorption materials for water remediation.Herein, the effects of chitosan (CH) coating with different water-soluble polyphenol extracts (pomegranate peel (PPE), grape seed (GSE) and green tea (GTE)) through vacuum impregnation on the quality retention and microflora of refrigerated grass carp fillets were studied. Generally, the quality degradation of carp fillets was remarkably alleviated using coatings when compared to the control. As suggested by microbial enumeration and high-throughput sequencing, protective coatings were conductive to inhibit bacteria growth, especially spoilage bacteria of Pseudomonas. As a result, the indicator related to bacteria such as total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) and K value had lower levels in coating groups than that in control. In addition, coating also slowed down the deterioration of physical properties of color, texture and water holding capacity in fillets, giving fillets a better edible quality. By contrast, the fillets treated by composite coatings had better quality during storage when compared to chitosan coating alone, and a relatively good synergistic antibacterial effect between chitosan and extracts was also observed, especially for CH-GTE. Overall, the best performance to inhibit quality deterioration was recorded in CH-GTE, with the lowest values of TVB-N, TBARS, K-value and water loss, and highest values of shear force and sensory preference among groups.

When the COVID-19 pandemic began, primary care clinicians had almost no knowledge regarding best practices COVID-19 treatment. Project ECHO developed a COVID-19 Infectious Disease Office Hours (Office Hours) program to respond to the needs of clinicians seeking COVID-19 information.

This mixed-methods evaluation analyzed weekly post-session data and focus group results from the weekly Office Hours ECHO sessions during June 1, 2020- May 31, 2021.

A total of 1,421 participants attended an average of 4.9 sessions during the 45 Office Hours sessions studied. The most common specialties included nurses= 530 (37%), physicians= 284 (20%), and 493 (34%) having other degrees. The participants stated that they were definitely (68.2%) or probably (22.0%) going to use what they learned in their work, especially vaccination information. Focus group results identified these themes 1) quality information, 2) community of practice, 3) interprofessional learning, and 4) increased knowledge, confidence, and practice change.

This evaluation demonstrates that the Office Hours program was successful in bringing a large group of health professionals together each week in a virtual community of practice. The participants acknowledged their plans to use the information gained with their patients. This diffusion of knowledge from clinician to patient amplifies the response of the program, changes practice behavior and may improve patient care.

This evaluation demonstrates that the Office Hours program was successful in bringing a large group of health professionals together each week in a virtual community of practice. The participants acknowledged their plans to use the information gained with their patients. This diffusion of knowledge from clinician to patient amplifies the response of the program, changes practice behavior and may improve patient care.The prolongation of disease-free life (PODL) required by people to be willing to accept an offer of a preventive treatment is unknown. Quantifying the required benefits could guide information and discussions about preventive treatment. In this study, we investigated how large the benefit in prolongation of a disease-free life (PODL) should be for individuals aged 50-80 years to accept a preventive treatment offer. We used a cross-sectional survey design based on a representative sample of 6847 Danish citizens aged 50-80 years. Data were collected in 2019 through a web-based standardized questionnaire administered by Statistics Denmark, and socio-demographic data were added from a national registry. We analyzed the data with chi-square tests and stepwise multinomial logistic regression. The results indicate that the required minimum benefit from the preventive treatment varied widely between individuals (1-week PODL = 14.8%, ≥4 years PODL = 39.2%), and that the majority of individuals (51.1%) required a PODL of ≥2 years. The multivariable analysis indicate that education and income were independently and negatively associated with requested minimum benefit, while age and smoking were independently and positively associated with requested minimum benefit to accept the preventive treatment. Most individuals aged 50-80 years required larger health benefits than most preventive medications on average can offer. The data support the need for educating patients and health care professionals on how to use average benefits when discussing treatment benefits, especially for primary prevention.It has long been known that social and physical environments can shape individual and population health, for better or worse. Master-planned communities (MPCs) in the US are custom-designed residential neighborhoods with defined boundaries planned and developed under a single, private owner or entity from their inception. Across the US, these vary greatly in scale ranging from 100 to over 50,000 homes, but broadly all provide residents with housing, infrastructure, landscaping, and purpose-built facilities to support socialization. Current research in the urban planning literature suggests that MPCs can influence the health of their residents. However, few studies have examined the use of MPCs as settings to conduct individual or population health research. In this paper, we examine the potential of MPCs as context for observational or intervention studies aimed at understanding individual and population-level health and well-being. We first summarize links between built and social environment and individual and population health research. Next, we describe the history of planned communities in the US. Then, we review specific features of MPCs related to governance, development, design, and social structure. We end by exploring how those specific features may lead to potential opportunities and challenges when using MPCs in health research. Through this discussion, we highlight MPCs as overlooked settings that may offer potential for collaborative, innovative, and socially engaged health research.The aim of this community-randomised smoking cessation (SC) trial was to investigate both recruitment and SC-rates in three municipalities offering financial incentives (FIM) to smokers who stop smoking when attending a municipal SC-program and compare these with three municipalities investing in a campaign (CAM) that should encourage smokers to use the SC-program. Furthermore, in a non-randomised matched control design we investigated whether there was a difference in recruitment and SC-rates in the three FIM and the three CAM, comparing each with three matched control municipalities (MCM). Each municipality received approx. $16,000. The FIM rewarded persons who were abstinent when attending the municipal SC-program. The CAM spent the money on a campaign recruiting smokers to the SC-program. Two of three FIM were only partly active in recruiting smokers in the intervention year 2018. An intention-to-treat (ITT) approach was used in analyses. Complete case analyses and multiple imputation were used to address loss to follow-up. No difference in recruitment was found between the CAM and the FIM (p = 0.954), in adjusted analyses. In ITT analyses, FIM achieved significantly higher odds of validated abstinence from smoking at one-year follow-up (OR (95%CI) 1.63(1.1-2.4)), but not of self-reported continuous abstinence after six months than CAM. Compared with no intervention, campaigns increased the recruitment of smokers to the SC-program while financial incentives increased six months abstinence rates. In a randomised trial, no difference was demonstrated in the effect of financial incentives and campaigns to recruit smokers to a SC-program and financial incentives seemed superior to help smokers staying smoke-free for a year. MEK inhibitor cancer TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.Gov ID NCT03849092.A wealth of research links exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) with negative outcomes including nicotine and marijuana use. In addition, an emerging line of research has documented associations between exposure to ACEs and vaping activity in American adults and international samples of adolescents. Very limited research, however, has explored whether a history of ACEs is linked with adolescent nicotine and marijuana vaping activity in an American sample. This study addresses this gap in the literature by employing multinomial logistic regression to examine whether cumulative exposure to ACEs is associated with adolescent nicotine vaping, dual mode use of nicotine, marijuana vaping, and dual mode use of marijuana in a sample of Florida high school students. Our findings reveal that greater cumulative exposure to ACEs (up to 5 ACEs) in adolescents leads to an increase in the likelihood of vaping nicotine and marijuana. In addition, greater cumulative exposure to ACEs (up to 6 ACEs) leads to an increase in the likelihood of using nicotine and marijuana through multiple delivery modes.