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Moreover, SMS significantly suppressed the levels of MDA and MPO in the synovial tissues while increasing the levels of SOD and CAT in the rats with CIA. The levels of Nrf2, HO-1, NQO1, and PTEN were upregulated by SMS in rat synovial tissues.

This study demonstrated that SMS effectively alleviated the disease progression of CIA by decreasing the levels of proinflammatory cytokines and reducing oxidative stress damage, as indicated by IL-6, TNF-

, COX-2, and PGE2 levels; inhibiting the overproduction of MDA and MPO; and enhancing antioxidant enzymes by upregulating the Nrf2/ARE/PTEN signalling pathway.

This study demonstrated that SMS effectively alleviated the disease progression of CIA by decreasing the levels of proinflammatory cytokines and reducing oxidative stress damage, as indicated by IL-6, TNF-α, COX-2, and PGE2 levels; inhibiting the overproduction of MDA and MPO; and enhancing antioxidant enzymes by upregulating the Nrf2/ARE/PTEN signalling pathway.

(Steud. ex A. Rich) Descoings ex wild & Drummond (Vitaceae) has been used in traditional medicine for the management of various immunological and hematological disorders in different areas of Ethiopia and the rest of the world. In Ethiopia, the plant is used for the management of enlarged spleen, rabies virus, helminthic infection, snake bite, and various types of tumors.

To evaluate the effect of hydroethanolic root extract and solvent fractions of

on cell-mediated immunity (delayed-type hypersensitivity), organ index (spleen and liver), and blood cell count in Swiss albino mice.

Acute oral toxicity test was conducted using nulliparous and nonpregnant Swiss albino mice following OECD 425 limit test method. Delayed-type hypersensitivity model was used to evaluate the effect on cell-mediated immunity. Rocaglamide ic50 The experimental animals were divided into twelve groups which were sensitized and challenged with sheep red blood cells on day 0 and day 7, respectively. Levamisole 50 mg/kg was used as stimulant cblood cell count compared to the vehicle.

Hydroethanolic root extract and solvent fractions of

showed a stimulatory effect on cell-mediated immunity and hematopoiesis.

Hydroethanolic root extract and solvent fractions of Cyphostemma adenocaule showed a stimulatory effect on cell-mediated immunity and hematopoiesis.

The anatomical and functional imbalances of sympathetic nerves are associated with cardiovascular disease progression. Xiao-Qing-Long-Tang (XQLT), an ancient Chinese herbal formula, has been used to treat cardiovascular diseases in eastern Asia for thousands of years. We determined the effect of XQLT in maintaining cardiac function during heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) with respect to its neurobiological effects in salt-sensitive rats.

Dahl salt-sensitive (DS) rats were fed a high-salt diet to establish an HFrEF model and were divided into model (DS, administered normal saline) and XQL groups (administrated XQLT) randomly, with SS-13BN rats being used as the control. The bodyweight and blood pressure of rats were observed regularly. Electrocardiogram, echocardiography, and plasma N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) were determined to assess cardiac function. The sympathetic tune and myocardial morphological changes were evaluated. Western blot and qRT-PCR were used FrEF in salt-sensitive rats, in part, by regulating the imbalance of cardiac sympathetic innervation.

XQLT maintains cardiac function during HFrEF in salt-sensitive rats, in part, by regulating the imbalance of cardiac sympathetic innervation.

Poge heart-saving decoction (PHSD) has been used as a medicine treating heart failure in China for many years. The study aimed to explore the effect of PHSD on cardiac function in heart failure conditions and its underlying mechanism.

Adriamycin was used to induce the model of heart failure (HF) in rats. Sixty rats were randomly divided into six groups blank control group, sham group, 9.33 g/kg group (low-PHSD, test group), 13.995 g/kg group (moderate-PHSD, test group), 18.66 g/kg group (high-PHSD, test group), and fosinopril group (4.67 mg/kg, comparison test group). Cardiac ultrasound was used to evaluate the cardiac function of the rats, and radioimmunoassay was used to measure aldosterone (ALD) and angiotensin II (AngII) levels in the serum.

Compared with the blank control group, the left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVEDd) and left ventricular end-systolic dimension (LVEDs) in the sham group were increased (1.04 ± 0.12 vs. 0.67 ± 0.13 cm; 0.75 ± 0.13 vs. 0.28 ± 0.10 cm;

< 0.05), and tvs. 232.18 ± 16.33 pg/L;

< 0.05). The histopathological changes of the myocardium in the sham group showed the disorganized fiber, shaded staining, fracture, and zonation. The fracture of the myocardium was relieved in all groups except the sham group and the blank control group.

Therefore, PHSD could shorten LVEDd and LVEDs of rats and reverse ventricular remodeling. The mechanism might be related to the inhibition of the activation level of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (especially ALD and AngII) and decreasing the postload of the heart.

Therefore, PHSD could shorten LVEDd and LVEDs of rats and reverse ventricular remodeling. The mechanism might be related to the inhibition of the activation level of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (especially ALD and AngII) and decreasing the postload of the heart.

To explore the effect of different-volume fluid resuscitation (FR) on organ functions in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) and to elucidate the therapeutic effect and mechanism of

on organ injuries caused by high-volume FR.

1. Clinical study retrospective analysis of thirty-one patients about the effect of titrated fluid resuscitation protocol (TFR) on the occurrence of acute kidney injury (AKI) secondary to SAP. 2. Experimental study rats (

 = 30) were randomly divided into five groups sham, model, low-volume FR (1.5 ml/kg/h), high-volume FR (10 ml/kg/h), and

combined with high-volume FR (10 ml/kg/h + intraintestinal administration

5 g/kg); serum or plasma indicators and histopathologic scores were compared to explore the effect and mechanism of different fluid volumes and

on organ function in SAP.

The occurrence of AKI, fluid volume, and fluid velocity in TFR group was lower than that in the control group. Logistic regression analysis showed that increased Marshall scores and fluid velocity were risk factors for predicting occurrence of AKI in SAP.