Downeygrossman4278

6MWT has potential to be used clinically for estimating fitness as actual and predicted values did positively correlate, and it is not dependent on HR responses to exercise. However, if a precise measure of fitness is needed, then neither test appears to have strong validity for use during midpregnancy.

Schomöller, A, Schugardt, M, Kotsch, P, and Mayer, F. The effect of body composition on cycling power during an incremental test in young athletes. J Strength Cond Res 35(11) 3225-3231, 2021-As body composition (BC) is a modifiable factor influencing sports performance, it is of interest for athletes and coaches to optimize BC to fulfill the specific physical demands of one sport discipline. The purpose of this study is to test the impact of body fat (BF) and fat-free mass (FFM) on aerobic performance in young athletes. Body composition parameters were evaluated among gender and age groups of young athletes undergoing their mandatory health examination. The maximal power (in Watts per kilogram body mass) of a stepwise incremental ergometer test was compared between 6 BC types high BF, high FFM, high BF and high FFM, normal BC values, low BF, and low FFM. With increasing age (11-13 vs. 14-16 years) BF decreased and FFM increased in both genders. Both BC parameters, as well as body mass, correlated moderatelytheir mandatory health examination. The maximal power (in Watts per kilogram body mass) of a stepwise incremental ergometer test was compared between 6 BC types high BF, high FFM, high BF and high FFM, normal BC values, low BF, and low FFM. With increasing age (11-13 vs. 14-16 years) BF decreased and FFM increased in both genders. Both BC parameters, as well as body mass, correlated moderately with performance output (r = 0.36-0.6). Subjects with high BF or high FFM or both had significantly lower ergometer test results compared with those with low BF and FFM in all age and gender groups (p less then 0.05). The finding that high levels of BF and FFM are detrimental for cycle power output is important to consider in disciplines that demand high levels of aerobic and anaerobic performance.

Mangine, GT, McNabb, JA, Feito, Y, VanDusseldorp, TA, and Hester, GM. Increased resisted sprinting load decreases bilateral asymmetry in sprinting kinetics among rugby players. J Strength Cond Res 35(11) 3076-3083, 2021-To examine the effect of resistance on sprinting kinetics and their bilateral symmetry, 15 male collegiate rugby players completed 3 maximal, 40-m sprints (S1-S3) while tethered to a robotic resistance device. Minimal resistance (9.81 N) was used on S1 (familiarization) and S2, while S3 was loaded at 147.1 N. Peak and average (AVG) power (P), velocity (V), force (F), and rate of force development (RFD) were averaged within the first stride, the acceleration and peak velocity phases, as well as across the 40-m sprint. Bilateral percent differences were calculated from step values within each stride for each variable. Friedman's rank tests revealed differences (p ≤ 0.02) between sprint trials and phases for each variable. During both trials, most kinetic measures increased from the first stridr within each phase. Across the entire 40-m sprint, S3 reduced (p less then 0.05) asymmetry for average stride length (-2.1 to -17.0%), VPEAK (-0.8 to -4.9%), VAVG (-2.3 to -6.0%), FPEAK (-5.6 to -8.7%), FAVG (-3.4 to -7.1%), RFDPEAK (-4.3 to -36.7%), PPEAK (-5.9 to -12.4%), and PAVG (-5.4 to -9.8%). Applying sprinting resistance may be a tool for reducing acute bilateral asymmetries in sprinting kinetic measures.

Drummond, MDM, Couto, BP, Oliveira, MP, and Szmuchrowski, LA. Effects of local vibration on dynamic strength training. J Strength Cond Res 35(11) 3028-3034, 2021-The study aim was to compare the chronic effects of maximal dynamic strength training with and without the addition of local vibration (LV) on maximal force generation and hypertrophy of the elbow flexor muscles in trained subjects. Twenty men were divided into 2 groups (conventional training [CT] group and vibration training [VT] group). The CT group performed conventional maximal dynamic strength training, and the VT group performed maximal dynamic strength training with mechanical vibrations (frequency of 26 Hz and amplitude of 6 mm). CT and VT groups performed 5 sets of 3-4 repetitions, with 2-minute rest intervals between sets. The subjects trained 3 times per week for 12 weeks. After the training period, the CT group presented a significant increase in the mean 1 repetition maximum (1RM) value in the elbow flexion exercise in the orthostatic the Scott bench (EFSB) (6.3 ± 1.8%) (p less then 0.0001). The VT group also showed significant increases in 1RM values in the EFO (6.87 ± 0.8%) (p less then 0.0001) and EFSB (6.56 ± 1.4%) (p less then 0.0001). selleck The CT group presented a significant increase in the mean maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) value after the training period (8.2 ± 2.3%) (p less then 0.0001). The VT group also showed a significant increase in the mean MVIC value after training (9.1 ± 2.4%) (p less then 0.0001). After the training period, both groups presented a significant increase in the mean value of elbow flexor thickness (CT = 5.6 ± 3.5%, VT = 5.1 ± 2.8%) (p = 0.001). The increases in 1RM, MVIC, and muscle thickness were statically similar between groups. Therefore, the addition of LV does not represent an additional stimulus for individuals trained in dynamic maximal strength training.Autoimmune encephalitis an update. Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) are rare autoimmune disorders of the central nervous system associated with anti-neuron antibodies. Patients classically present with anterograde amnesia, temporal lobe seizures, and/or behavioral changes, along with a variety of possible other symptoms, depending on the autoantibody. AE with antibodies targeting intracellular proteins are usually paraneoplastic and carry a poor prognosis. AE with antibodies against neuron cell-surface proteins associate with cancer less frequently and usually have better outcomes. Diagnosis relies on the detection of associated anti-neuron antibodies, while management focuses on the treatment of underlying neoplasia along with immune-suppressive therapies.Gluten intolerance in infants and children what diagnosis and what recommendations? Gluten intolerance or celiac disease is a relatively common pathology that is still underdiagnosed in pediatrics due to its heterogeneous presentation. Apart from the classic form of malabsorption with diarrhea and growth retardation, pathology should be sought in the event of a family history of celiac disease, autoimmunity and in the context of certain syndromes. Other clinical or laboratory signs should also suggest the diagnosis. Any suspicion should lead to assays for total IgA and anti- transglutaminase IgA. If the child is symptomatic or not, the absence of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with biopsies is possible to make the diagnosis after agreement of the family, if the levels of anti-transglutaminase IgA are greater than 10 times the upper limit of normal, and if the anti-endomysium IgA, assayed on a second sample, are also positive. Management is based on a strict gluten-free diet.Sinonasal cancers. Sinonasal cancers (SNC) belong to the spectrum of rare tumors, with respect to other tumors of the head and neck and intrinsically by the multiple histological entities that they cover. It is important to raise awareness among physicians about the diagnostic and therapeutic elements of SNC, as well as their functional consequences, so that these patients are better diagnosed and monitored during and following specific oncological treatment. We also shed light on the various histological entities and new therapeutic options, in particular endoscopic surgery, conformational radiotherapy and systemic treatments. Finally, we underline the importance of the REFCOR network of expertise, which makes it possible to offer optimal management of these rare tumors, and of the CORASSO association, which provides patients a major additional extra-medical support.Rectal cancers resected for cure monitoring, secondary prevention and late complications. Colorectal cancer incidence has increased by more than 50 % over the past 30 years. Over the same period, the number of deaths has remained stable, reflecting major therapeutic advances. The 5-year net survival rate of patients resected for cure for rectal cancer varies from 96 % for stage I to 71 % for stage III. Of these, nearly half will develop metachronous cancer or recurrence within 5 years of surgery. This high risk of recurrence raises the question of postoperative surveillance to detect early recurrence and metachronous cancers at a curable stage. The annual incidence of adenomas is low and the cumulative risk of endoluminal recurrence or metachronous cancer is very low. Therefore, intensive endoscopic surveillance is not useful. Posto¬perative surveillance of distant recurrence is poorly codified. However, despite their limitations, recent trials and meta-analyses suggest that survival is increased with clinical monitoring combined with liver and lung imaging. CEA is no longer useful in monitoring after curative resection. The challenge in the future will be to establish predictive scores, in order to adjust surveillance according to the molecular charac¬teristics of the resected tumor. Finally, the detection and management of sequelae is an important element of the follow-up after curative resection of rectal cancer, espe¬cially in patients who have received neoadjuvant radiotherapy.Rectal cancer is the era for de-escalation arrived? The reference treatment of rectal cancer relies on carcinologic resection including total mesorectal excision. In patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (cT3T4 and/or cN+), preoperative treatment is used to improve outcome and includes radiochemotherapy to optimize local control and systemic chemotherapy to decrease metastatic recurrence. The combination of these treatments with rectal cancer surgery induces short term and long-term toxicities potentially leading to treatment related sequelae on digestive and genitourinary function. Lastly, time is coming for de-escalation for the treatment to rectal cancer. For patients with small tumors (cT2T3 inférieur 4 cm) who respond to radiochemotherapy, organ preservation avoiding rectal resection can be discussed. In patients with locally advanced resectable rectal cancer, preoperative chemotherapy without pelvic irradiation could be used before total mesorectal excision to decrease the risk of long-term side effects. In patients with more advanced, primarily non resectable rectal cancer, a tailored strategy based on tumor response to chemotherapy could be used to rationalize the use of preoperative irradiation. New treatment strategies are constantly proposed and the optimal treatment option should be decided on a per patient basis during multidisciplinary discussion.Contribution of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. IN RECTAL CANCER In patients with locally advanced rectal cancer, preoperative radiotherapy and complete mesorectal excision have reduced the risk of locoregional recurrence. However, these treatments have not reduced the risk of metastatic recurrence and the benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy has never been formally demonstrated. The chemotherapy efficacy on the rectal tumor as well as the difficulties to administer adjuvant chemotherapy after proctectomy has led to the development of treatment regimens with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Two phase III studies evaluating induction chemotherapy with FOLFIRINOX followed by chemoradiotherapy for one and short radiotherapy followed by consolidation chemotherapy for the other are positive for their main objective and constitute new therapeutic standards.