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Current research findings advocate the existence of beneficial effects by combining these repurposed drugs, and also through their complementary use with conventional cancer therapies.

Repurposing FDA-approved medications towards cancer care, by targeting the resistant CSCs, will allow for a quicker, cheaper development and approval process. A larger drug library available to physicians will allow for increased efficacy during both first-line and recurrent cancer treatments.

Repurposing FDA-approved medications towards cancer care, by targeting the resistant CSCs, will allow for a quicker, cheaper development and approval process. A larger drug library available to physicians will allow for increased efficacy during both first-line and recurrent cancer treatments.

Camrelizumab, which was launched in China on May 29, 2019, is a humanized anti-Programmed cell Death-1 (PD-1) antibody. It is used for the treatment of complicated or refractory classic Hodgkin's lymphoma with at least second-line chemotherapy. On March 4, 2020, camrelizumab was approved as second-line drug in China for the treatment of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Currently, camrelizumab is undergoing clinical research in multiple tumor fields, including advanced solid tumors such as liver cancer, gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, and lung cancer, and all have shown clinical efficacy.

This review mainly describes the preclinical studies of camrelizumab and its efficacy and safety in clinical studies in various tumors.

A comprehensive literature search was conducted on the basic research and clinical trials of camrelizumab to determine its pharmacology, toxicology, pharmacokinetic properties and current clinical research status. And we analyzed the difference between Karelizumab and that camrelizumab alone or in combination with other drugs have shown significant anti-cancer activity and lower incidence of adverse reactions, which may be related to its patent. However, further studies are still needed to verify the application potential of camrelizumab in a variety of tumors.

Polymers are used in drug delivery systems to encapsulate and release the drug. selleck chemical Natural polymers have the advantages such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, biological recognizable moieties that maintain cellular functions as compared to synthetic polymers. Chitosan is a natural polycationic linear polysaccharide originated from chitin. Its easy modification, release rate of drug, ability to cross link with other polymers, gelling ability, immunostimulation, bioadhesion, biocompatibility and biodegrability has increased its application in various drug delivery systems.

The objective of the present study is to overview the recent patents of application of chitosan in various drug delivery systems and their use in the prevention of cancer and other ailments.

In this review patent application of chitosan in various drug delivery systems employed to cure mainly cancer has been covered with particular emphasis on their scientific impact and novelty.

Chitosan has proved its potential as a polymer to control and target the drug at the site of action.

The potential of chitosan and its derivatives to deliver and target the drug may open new avenues for therapeutic interventions in different tumors.

The potential of chitosan and its derivatives to deliver and target the drug may open new avenues for therapeutic interventions in different tumors.

The Covid-19 virus emerged a few months ago in China and infections rapidly escalated into a pandemic.

To date, there is no selective antiviral agent for the management of pathologies associated with covid-19 and the need for an effective agent against it is essential.

In this work two home-made databases from synthetic quinolines and coumarins were virtually docked against viral proteases (3CL and PL), human cell surface proteases (TMPRSS2 and furin) and spike proteins (S1 and S2). Chloroquine, a reference drug without a clear mechanism against coronavirus was also docked on mentioned targets and the binding affinities compared with title compounds.

The best compounds of synthetic coumarins and quinolines for each target were determined. All compounds against all targets showed binding affinity between -5.80 to -8.99 kcal/mol in comparison with the FDA-approved drug, Chloroquine, with binding affinity of -5.7 to -7.98 kcal/mol. Two compounds, quinoline-1 and coumarin-24, were found to be effective on three targets - S2, TMPRSS2 and furin - simultaneously, with good predicted affinity between -7.54 to -8.85 kcal/mol. In silico ADME studies also confirmed good oral absorption for them. Furthermore, PASS prediction was calculated and coumarin-24 had higher probable activity (Pa) than probable inactivity (Pi) with acceptable protease inhibitory as well as good antiviral activity against Hepatitis C virus (HCV), Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and influenza.

Quinoline-1 and Coumarin-24 have the potential to be used against Covid-19. Hence these agents could be useful in combating covid-19 infection after further in vitro and in vivo studies.

Quinoline-1 and Coumarin-24 have the potential to be used against Covid-19. Hence these agents could be useful in combating covid-19 infection after further in vitro and in vivo studies.

To synthesize and evaluate the fused heterocyclic imidazopyridine oxime as a reactivator against paraoxon inhibited acetylcholinesterase.

Organophosphorus compounds (OPs) include parathion, malathion, chlorpyrifos, monocrotophos, and diazinon which are commonly used in agriculture for enhancing agricultural productivity via killing crop-damaging pests. However, people may get exposed to OPs pesticides unintentionally/intentionally via ingestion, inhalation or dermal. The current treatment regimen includes reactivator such as mono or bis-pyridinium oximes along with anticholinergic and an anticonvulsant drugs are recommended for the treatment of OP poisoning. Unfortunately, the drawback of the existing reactivator is that owing to the permanent charge present on the pyridinium makes them inefficient to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and reactivate OP-inhibited central nervous system (CNS) acetylcholinesterase. Therefore, there is a need of reactivator that could cross the BBB and reactivate the OP inhibited acetylcholinesterase.