Dolanlau2560

BACKGROUND A growing number of epidemiological studies indicate that metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its associated features play a key role in the development of certain degenerative brain disorders, including Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. Produced by several different medicinal plants, berberine is a bioactive alkaloid with a wide range of pharmacological effects, including antidiabetic effects. However, it is not clear whether berberine could prevent the development of dementia in association with diabetes. OBJECTIVE To give an overview of the therapeutic potential of berberine as a treatment for dementia associated with diabetes. SEARCH STRATEGY Database searches A and B were conducted using PubMed and ScienceDirect. In search A, studies on berberine's antidementia activities were identified using "berberine" and "dementia" as search terms. In search B, recent studies on berberine's effects on diabetes were surveyed using "berberine" and "diabetes" as search terms. INCLUSION CRITERIA Clinical as, diabetic nephropathy, gut dysbiosis, retinopathy and neuropathy, suggesting indirect benefits for the prevention of dementia. CONCLUSION Berberine could impede the development of dementia via multiple mechanisms preventing brain damages and enhancing cognition directly in the brain, and indirectly through alleviating risk factors such as metabolic dysfunction, and cardiovascular, kidney and liver diseases. This study provided evidence to support the value of berberine in the prevention of dementia associated with MetS. BACKGROUND Wound healing is a dynamic process, involving the recruitment of growth factors, cytokines, chemokines and cellular populations. Recently, the Cord Blood Platelet Gel (CBPG) has been applied successfully in wound closure and tissue regeneration. Moreover, its proper combination with stem cell populations such as Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSCs) may positively improve the wound healing process. Based on the above data, this study aimed to the evaluation of wound healing capacity of MSCs combined with CBPG under in vitro conditions. ISRIB solubility dmso METHODS Initially, CBPG was developed from Cord Blood Units (CBUs). The determination of wound healing ability of MSCs was performed using the scratch wound assay. In addition, the morphological features, immunophenotypical characteristics and differentiation capacity of MSCs were evaluated. RESULTS Scratch wound assay results showed, that CBPG could positively stimulate the MSCs migration. Moreover, MSCs cultured in presence of CBPG were characterized by elongated shape and improved stemness properties as it was indicated by flow cytometric analysis and differentiation process. CONCLUSION These results clearly showed the beneficial effect of CBPG in combination with MSCs in wound healing. The proper combination of CBPG with stem cells strategy may enhance the healing process in patients with skin erosions. This report describes a 64-year-old woman who presented with unstable angina pectoris, her first atherosclerotic event, and who underwent coronary bypass including endarterectomy of the entire right coronary artery which was diffusely and severely narrowed by atherosclerotic plaque. Preoperatively, she fulfilled none of the present-day criteria for lipid-lowering drug therapy. The report demonstrates the deficiency of present-day lipid-lowering drug guidelines and emphasizes the need to switch emphasis from decreasing risk of an atherosclerotic event to the prevention of arterial plaques, a goal which will require a much lower threshold of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol to initiate drug therapy. Whether renal artery stenting (RAS) confers benefit over medical therapy (MT) alone in patients with atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis admitted with acute coronary syndromes (ACS), congestive heart failure (CHF), or hypertensive crisis remains unknown. We identified a nationally-weighted cohort of 116,056 patients from the Nationwide Readmissions Database with a preexisting diagnosis of atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis and an index hospitalization diagnosis of ACS, CHF, or hypertensive crisis, and propensity-matched on the likelihood of undergoing inpatient RAS. Thirty-day readmission rates, index hospitalization complications, hospital lengths-of-stay, and cost were compared between treatment groups. Overall, all-cause, nonelective 30-day readmission rates did not differ between RAS and MT alone (18.2% vs 18.7%, respectively, p = 0.49). RAS was associated with higher index rates of acute kidney injury, major bleeding, transfusion, and vascular complications, and were similar irrespective of index hospitalization diagnosis. Index hospitalization length of stay (6 vs 4 days; p less then 0.001) and cost ($23,020 vs. $11,459; p less then 0.001) were higher with RAS. In conclusion, nearly 1-in-5 patients hospitalized with atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis and ACS, CHF, or hypertensive crisis were readmitted within 30-days. Index hospitalization complications occurred more frequently among those treated with RAS than MT alone, but the likelihood of readmission did not differ by treatment strategy. This review discusses diagnostic pathology in idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (IIPs). Accurate understanding of basic structure of lung lobules is critical because the location of abnormalities inside the lobule is an important effector of pathology diagnosis. Depending on the method of obtaining tissue, recognition of the location may be difficult or impossible. Cryobiopsy is a new technology and its coverage of lung lobules is limited. This article discusses fundamental anatomy and approach to interstitial pneumonia. In addition, most histologic types of IIPs are covered, but the focus is on diagnosis of usual interstitial pneumonia because of its clinical importance. Mesothelioma is a rare neoplasm that arises from mesothelial cells lining body cavities including the pleura, pericardium, peritoneum, and tunica vaginalis. Most malignant mesotheliomas occur in the chest and are frequently associated with a history of asbestos exposure. The diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma is challenging and fraught with pitfalls, particularly in small biopsies. This article highlights what the pathologist needs to know regarding the clinical and radiographic presentation of mesothelioma, histologic features including subtypes and variants, and recent advances in immunohistochemical markers and molecular testing.