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Human immune deficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) has been a major public health problem globally as well as in Africa including Ethiopia. To prevent HIV effectively, condoms must be used regularly and consistently. When HIV positive individuals have sex without condom, they can easily transmit the vuirus to a seronegative partner. Condom utilization may be affected by various factors. Therefore, the findings from this study will give an opportunity to understand condom utilization and the barriers to condom use.

To assess condom utilization and associated factors among people living with HIV/AIDS attending anti-retro viral treatment (ART) clinics in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 677 people living with HIV/AIDS attending ART clinics in Addis Ababa from February 1, 2019 to March 30, 2019. The sampling technique was three-stage sampling and finally, the study participants were selected using a systematic random sampling g indicates that high concern shall be given to minimize the gap. Sex, marital status, employment status, disclosure of HIV status, condom access, type of partner and attitude towards condoms were significantly associated with condom utilization. Hence, continuous condom provision, promotion, demonstration, and awareness creation are vital.

Condom utilization was found to be low among people living with HIV/AIDS attending ART clinics in Addis Ababa. This finding indicates that high concern shall be given to minimize the gap. Sex, marital status, employment status, disclosure of HIV status, condom access, type of partner and attitude towards condoms were significantly associated with condom utilization. Hence, continuous condom provision, promotion, demonstration, and awareness creation are vital.

Treatment of children with HIV infection has increased rapidly by increasing the life span of HIV patients from baby to adult. Improving the quality-of-life (QoL) in children living with HIV is a priority of HIV management in children and caregivers of children living with HIV have important roles. Caregiver stigma, caregiver burden, and caregiver coping affect caregivers in treating children living with HIV.

Analyzing the association of caregiver stigma, caregiver burden, and caregiver coping on QoL of Indonesian children living with HIV.

Participants in this study were caregivers of Indonesian children living with HIV. Participants were measured for caregiver stigma, caregiver burden, caregiver coping, and QoL of Indonesian children living with HIV. The instrument used in measuring caregiver stigma was people living with HIV/AIDS and caregiver questionnaire, caregiver burden used Zarit Burden questionnaire, caregiver coping used F-COPES questionnaire, and QoL used PedsQL for children aged 2-18 years oon QoL of Indonesian children living with HIV.

There is an association of caregiver coping on QoL of Indonesian children living with HIV, in which the higher the caregiver coping, the lower the QoL. alphaNaphthoflavone Meanwhile, there is no significant association of caregiver stigma and burden on QoL of Indonesian children living with HIV.

Modern antiretroviral therapy has extended the life expectancies of people living with HIV; however, the prevention and treatment of their associated neurocognitive decline have remained a challenge. Consequently, it is desirable to investigate the prevalence and predictors of neurocognitive impairment to help in targeted screening and disease prevention.

Two hundred and forty-four people living with HIV were interviewed in a study using a cross-sectional design and the International HIV Dementia Scale (IHDS). Additionally, the sociodemographic, clinical, and psychosocial characteristics of the patients were recorded. Chi-square and binary logistic regression analysis were used to determine the level of significance among the independent risk factors and probable neurocognitive impairment.

The point prevalence of neurocognitive impairment was found to be 39.3%. Participants' characteristics of being older than 40 years (AOR= 2.81 (95% CI; 1.11-7.15)), having a history of recreational drug use (AOR= 13.6nitive impairment therapies have been unsuccessful.

Despite the fact that responses to epidemics of human immune-deficiency virus (HIV) have gradually improved; it remains one of the world's public health challenges, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Evidence is still limited in this area and this study aimed to assess the magnitude of perceived stigma and associated factors among people living with HIV (PLWH) in public health facilities of Dessie city, Ethiopia.

A health facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among a total of 422 PLWH from September 1 to October 30, 2019 in Dessie city. A pretested structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data and it was analyzed using Stata/SE 14. Multivariable binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with perceived stigma. The adjusted odds ratio (AOR) along with 95% confidence interval (CI) was estimated to measure the strength and direction of the association. Statistical significance was declared at P value less than 0.05. findings suggested that special emphasis should be placed on rural residents in order to reduce perceived stigma. Moreover, counseling should focus on disclosing HIV serostatus to anyone else interested to disclose particularly for females.

Intensive access to antiretroviral therapy improved the prognosis of HIV. As a result, a non-communicable disease risk marker known as metabolic syndrome (MS) has emerged. It is a public health issue in sub-Saharan Africa including Ethiopia. However, there is little literature on predictors of MS among people living with HIV (PLHIVs) in the study area context.

To identify predictors of metabolic syndrome among PLHIVs, Gedeo Zone, Southern-Ethiopia.

Health institutions-based unmatched case-control study was conducted. All HIV-infected adult persons who are receiving routine care in the randomly selected two hospitals and two health centers of the Gedeo zone, southern Ethiopia were involved in the study, conducted from December 29

, 2017, to January 22

, 2019. PLHIVs diagnosed with MS using ATP III criteria were considered as a case, and subjects free of MS in the survey were enrolled as controls. Binary logistic regression was employed to identify predictors of MS.

A total of 633 (139 cases and 494 cregular screening programs to reduce the risks associated with MS and its traits in these subjects.

While education, occupation, wealth index, antiretroviral therapy status, total physical activity, and lower physical activity levels were concluded by the study as modifiable predictors of metabolic syndrome, age was found as a non-modifiable independent risk of metabolic syndrome. There is a need for an ongoing effort to realize an integrated care plan that addresses both the routine care and regular screening programs to reduce the risks associated with MS and its traits in these subjects.

The magnitude of loss to follow-up is high and remains a major public health problem in developing countries. Therefore, the aim of this study determines the incidence rate and predictors of loss to follow-up among children with HIV on ART at the University of Gondar comprehensive specialized referral hospital.

An institution-based retrospective data analysis was conducted on 361 children with HIV. The simple random sampling technique was used, and data were entered into Epi-info version 7.1 and were exported to Stata version 14 for analysis. The proportional hazard assumption was checked, and Cox regression was fitted. Finally, an adjusted hazard ratio with a 95% CI was computed, and variables with P-value <0.05 in the multivariable analysis were taken as significant predictors of loss to follow-up.

The overall incidence rate of lost to follow-up was 6.2 events per 100 child-years observations (95% CI 4.9-7.7). Children who have got care from their biological parents (AHR 2.6, 95% CI 1.2-5.5), WHO c. Therefore, strengthening HIV care intervention and addressing these significant predictors is highly recommended in the study setting.

Health professionals are at high risk of exposure for needlestick or sharp injury due to repeated exposure in clinical areas. This exposure leads to the acquiring of different infectious diseases like human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and other infectious diseases. Nurses and midwives having repeated exposure due to long working time, not wearing personal protective equipment, less work experience, and who are unable to apply infection prevention utilization guidelines are at high risk of needlestick and sharp injuries.

An institutional-based, cross-sectional study design was conducted in North Wollo Zone public hospitals. A simple random sampling technique was applied to select study subjects. The method of data collection was self-administered questionnaires that are structured and pretested from February to March 2019. The data were analyzed using both descriptive and analytical statistics. Binary logistic regressions were used to test the associationdle recapping practice and working room were associated with needlestick and sharp injuries. Then, health personnel should avoid the practice of recapping a needle and tale care themself to avoid needle and sharp injuries in the workplace.

Healthcare-associated infection (HCAI) is a type of infection that is acquired while receiving healthcare services in a hospital or other healthcare settings. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of HCAI and associated factors at Adama Hospital Medical College (AHMC), Adama city, Ethiopia.

A hospital-based longitudinal study was conducted among 300 participants at AHMC from February to May 2017. The study participants' clinical characteristics were collected using a structured interview and clinical evaluations. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics using SPSS software version 20. Various clinical samples collected from participants were processed and bacteria were isolated by using standard microbiological methods recommended by the World Health Organization.

The total incidence rate of HCAI was 9.7 [95% CI 7.1-12.9] cases per 1000 persons-days. Specific incidence rates were as follows 8 cases per 1000 person-days [95% CI 08.74, 20.66] for surgical site infections; 60.2 cases per 1000 device-days [95% CI 33.47, 100.3] for catheter-associated urinary tract infections; 1.4 cases per 1000 device-days [95% CI 0.06752, 6.656] for catheter-associated bloodstream infections; 14.1 cases per 1000 device-days [95% CI 0.7047, 69.46] for ventilator-associated pneumonia; 73.5 cases per 1000 person-days [95% CI 26.94, 163] for non-surgical skin break infections and 0.6 cases per 1000 person-days [95% CI 0.02906, 2.864] for antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Most of the infections were caused by Gram-negative bacteria. Renal disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus were significantly associated with HCAI (P<0.05).

HCAI was predominant in this study. The major contributing factors for HCAI at AHMC were renal disease and type 2diabetes mellitus.

HCAI was predominant in this study. The major contributing factors for HCAI at AHMC were renal disease and type 2diabetes mellitus.