Dillardross9964
To evaluate the prediction performance of deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) based on ultrasound (US) images for the assessment of breast cancer molecular subtypes.
A dataset of 4828 US images from 1275 patients with primary breast cancer were used as the training samples. DCNN models were constructed primarily to predict the four St. Gallen molecular subtypes and secondarily to identify luminal disease from non-luminal disease based on the ground truth from immunohistochemical of whole tumor surgical specimen. US images from two other institutions were retained as independent test sets to validate the system. The models' performance was analyzed using per-class accuracy, positive predictive value (PPV), and Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC).
The model achieved good performance in identifying the four breast cancer molecular subtypes in the two test sets, with accuracy ranging from 80.07% (95% CI, 76.49-83.23%) to 97.02% (95% CI, 95.22-98.16%) and 87.94% (95% CI, 85.08-90.31%) to 98.83% (95% onal neural network (DCNN) helps clinicians assess tumor features with accuracy. • Multicenter retrospective study shows that DCNN derived from pretreatment ultrasound imagine improves the prediction of breast cancer molecular subtypes. • Management of patients becomes more precise based on the DCNN model.
To describe the psychosocial protective and risk factors for perinatal mental health identified in a sample of Aboriginal women's Kimberley Mum's Mood Scale (KMMS) assessments and explore the role of these factors in their screening assessment and diagnostic outcome.
We used a mixed methods approach to retrospectively analyse a cross-sectional study dataset of 91 completed KMMS assessments. This included categorising the clinical notes from the KMMS psychosocial yarn into 'risk' and 'protective' factors and describing these categories, describing the number and type of risk and protective factors associated with different KMMS risk assessment categories (no, low, medium, high), and exploring relationships between these risk and protective factors and diagnosis of perinatal depression and/or anxiety.
Protective factors were recorded for the vast majority of the women; the most prominent was positive family relationships. When protective and risk factors were stratified by KMMS risk category, women in the higher risk group less commonly had specific protective factors (11-33% high vs 61-100% no risk) and more commonly had risk factors (22-67% high vs 6-28% no risk) than women with lower KMMS assessed risk. The average number of protective factors decreased with increasing KMMS risk category (4.9 ± 1.1 to 1.6 ± 1.3), with the inverse pattern for risk factors (1.1 ± 1.1 to 3.8 ± 1.0). Having protective factors also appeared to reduce the risk of developing clinical depression or anxiety.
Assessing protective factors in mental health screening for perinatal Aboriginal women increases the effectiveness of screening and provides a foundation for the delivery of local structured psychosocial care.
Assessing protective factors in mental health screening for perinatal Aboriginal women increases the effectiveness of screening and provides a foundation for the delivery of local structured psychosocial care.Climate change effects and increasing levels of imperviousness, cause many urban areas globally to experience larger rainfall runoff volumes that need to be managed to protect property and infrastructure, and avoid environmental pollution. Conventionally engineered, 'grey' stormwater infrastructure often is outdated and unable to control these increased runoff volumes. Green stormwater infrastructure (GSI) can complement grey infrastructure, but public land for its installation is limited. Consequently, municipalities often look to residential properties to install GSI at the lot-level. While many studies have been conducted in the engineering aspects of GSI, less is known about what determines residents' decisions to install GSI on their properties. To help close this knowledge gap, we conducted a survey of social-psychological determinants of residential GSI implementation using the Theory of Planned Behavior as theoretical framework, and analyzing our data with partial least squares path modeling. Results from three neighborhoods of our case study area suggest that residents' decisions to install GSI largely are determined by social norms and perceived control factors such as available finances and time. However, residents' beliefs and attitudes toward the effectiveness and attractiveness of GSI did not seem to play a significant role. Neighborhood characteristics including local flooding history did not seem to affect residents' decisions about GSI installation either. We recommend creation of effective municipal education and outreach programs regarding urban stormwater management that speak to residents' shared responsibility and options for addressing this issue, as well as creation of financial instruments that provide meaningful subsidies for residential GSI adoption.
Silicon photomultiplier-positron emission tomography (SiPM-PET) has better sensitivity, spatial resolution, and timing resolution than photomultiplier tube (PMT)-PET. The present study aimed to clarify the advantages of SiPM-PET in
F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ([
F]FDG) brain imaging in a head-to-head comparison with PMT-PET in phantom and clinical studies.
Contrast was calculated from images acquired from a Hoffman 3D brain phantom, and image noise and uniformity were calculated from images acquired from a pool phantom using SiPM- and PMT-PET. Sequential PMT-PET and SiPM-PET [
F]FDG images were acquired over a period of 10 min from 22 controls and 10 patients. All images were separately normalized to a standard [
F]FDG PET template, then the mean standardized uptake values (SUV
) and Z-score were calculated using MIMneuro and CortexID Suite, respectively.
Image contrast, image noise, and uniformity in SiPM-PET changed 19.2, 3.5, and - 40.0% from PMT-PET, respectively. These physical indices of bothtation of brain PET images. The SUV
and Z-scores were higher in SiPM-PET than PMT-PET due to improved PVE. [
F]FDG images acquired using SiPM-PET will help to improve diagnostic outcomes based on statistical image analysis because SiPM-PET would localize the distribution of glucose metabolism on Z-score maps.
The improved spatial resolution and sensitivity of SiPM-PET contributed to better image contrast and uniformity in brain [18F]FDG images. The SiPM-PET offers better quality and more accurate quantitation of brain PET images. The SUVmean and Z-scores were higher in SiPM-PET than PMT-PET due to improved PVE. [18F]FDG images acquired using SiPM-PET will help to improve diagnostic outcomes based on statistical image analysis because SiPM-PET would localize the distribution of glucose metabolism on Z-score maps.
IL-17 plays essential roles in neutrophilic inflammation in the lower respiratory tract, however, the characteristics of local IL-17
T cells in nasal inflammatory mucosa are not fully understood. We investigated the roles of IL-17
T cells in regulating neutrophil infiltration and the effect of the mucosal microenvironment in modulating IL-17
T cell differentiation in CRSwNP tissues.
47 polyp tissues from chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) patients without corticosteroid therapy and 26 tissues from healthy mucosa were obtained.
Immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry were used to analyze the neutrophil infiltration, local IL-17
T cell subsets, as well as cytokine producing profiles of IL-17
T cell; tissue homogenates were used to study neutrophil migration and IL-17
T cell differentiation.
Increase of IL-17
cells and IL-17
T cell subsets was significant in polyp tissues versus controls, IL-17
cell number was positively correlated with neutrophil infiltration; while homolic inflammation.
This study aimed at evaluating the effect of methylprednisolone (MPA) on messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression levels in immature ovine knee joint tissue explants following interleukin (IL)1β induction and to assess responsiveness of the explants.
Explants were harvested from the articular cartilage, synovium, and infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP) from immature female sheep.
Methylprednisolone.
The samples were allocated into six groups (1) control, (2) MPA (10
M), (3) MPA (10
M), (4) IL1β, (5) IL1β + 10
M MPA, or (6) IL1β + 10
M MPA. mRNA expression levels for molecules relevant to inflammation, cartilage degradation/anabolism, activation of innate immunity, and adipose tissue/hormones were quantified. Fold changes with MPA treatment were compared via the comparative C
method.
Methylprednisolone treatment significantly suppressed MMPs consistently across the cartilage (MMP1, MMP3, and MMP13), synovium (MMP1 and MMP3), and IPFP (MMP13) (all p < 0.05). selleck Other genes that were less consistently suppressed include endogenous IL1β (cartilage) and IL6 (IPFP) (all p < 0.05), and others not affected either by IL-1 exposure or subsequent MPA include TGFβ1, TLR4, and adipose-related molecules.
Methylprednisolone significantly mitigated IL1β induced mRNA expression for MMPs in the immature cartilage, synovium, and IPFP, but the extent of the responsiveness was tissue-, location-, and gene-specific.
Methylprednisolone significantly mitigated IL1β induced mRNA expression for MMPs in the immature cartilage, synovium, and IPFP, but the extent of the responsiveness was tissue-, location-, and gene-specific.
Exposure to a cold environment at work is associated with a higher prevalence of musculoskeletal pain and chronic pain in cross-sectional studies. This study aims to determine the association between working in a cold environment ≥ 25% of the time and musculoskeletal complaints (MSC) 7-8years later.
We followed participants from the sixth survey (Tromsø 6, 2007-2008) to the seventh survey (Tromsø 7, 2015-2016) of the Tromsø Study. Analyses included 2347 men and women aged 32-60years who were not retired and not receiving full-time disability benefits in Tromsø 6. Three different binary outcomes were investigated in Tromsø 7 any MSC, severe MSC, and MSC in ≥ 3 anatomical regions. We excluded participants with severe MSC, MSC in ≥ 3 regions, or missing values in Tromsø 6. The association between working in a cold environment and future MSC were examined using Poisson regression and adjusted for age, sex, number of moderate MSC, education, physical activity at work, smoking status, body mass index, and self-reported health in Tromsø 6.
258 participants reported to work in a cold environment ≥ 25% of the time in Tromsø 6. They had an increased risk of having any MSC in Tromsø 7 (incidence rate ratio 1.15; 95% confidence interval 1.03-1.29). There was no significantly increased risk of severe MSC or MSC in ≥ 3 regions.
Working in a cold environment was associated with future MSC, but not with future severe MSC or future MSC in ≥ 3 regions.
Working in a cold environment was associated with future MSC, but not with future severe MSC or future MSC in ≥ 3 regions.
