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Melanoma causes more than 80% of deaths from all dermatologic cancers. Hence, screening and identifying effective compounds to inhibit the growth of melanoma have crucial importance in basic and clinical treatment.
High throughput screening was performed to screen and identify compounds that have anti-melanoma ability. Melanoma cell and mouse allograft models were used to examine the anti-tumor effects of Nuciferine (NCFR). Western blot, qPCR, and lentivirus overexpression were applied to detect the activation of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.
NCFR administration significantly suppressed melanoma cell growth and tumor size by inhibiting the phosphorylation of p65. NCFR treatment also could suppress TNF-α-induced activation of NF-κB signaling. The anti-tumor effect of NCFR might be mediated by targeting Toll-like receptors 4.
NCFR inhibits melanoma cell growth and suppresses tumor size, which provides potential therapeutic strategies for melanoma treatment.
NCFR inhibits melanoma cell growth and suppresses tumor size, which provides potential therapeutic strategies for melanoma treatment.
The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway is involved in almost all cellular processes (cell cycle, gene transcription and translation, cell survival and apoptosis, cell metabolism and protein quality control) mainly through the specific degradation of the majority of intracellular proteins (>80%) or partial processing of transcription factors (e.g., NF-κB). A growing amount of evidence now indicates that epigenetic changes are also regulated by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Recent studies indicate that epigenetic regulations are equally crucial for almost all biological processes as well as for pathological conditions such as tumorigenesis, as compared to non-epigenetic control mechanisms (i.e., genetic alterations or classical signal transduction pathways).
Here, we reviewed the recent work highlighting the interaction of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway components (e.g., ubiquitin, E1, E2 and E3 enzymes and 26S proteasome) with epigenetic regulators (histone deacetylases, histone acetyltransferases and Dard chemotherapeutics in hematological as well as solid cancers.
It is therefore believed that novel treatment strategies involving new generation ubiquitinproteasome pathway inhibitors combined with DNA methyltransferase, histone deacetylase or histone acetyltransferase inhibitors may produce more effective results with fewer adverse effects in cancer treatment as compared to standard chemotherapeutics in hematological as well as solid cancers.
Despite advances in the treatment of prostate cancer, side effects and the risks of developing drug resistance require new therapeutic agents. Eupatilin is a secondary metabolite of Artemisia asiatica and has shown potential anti-tumor activity in some cancers, but its potential in prostate cancer treatment has not yet been evaluated.
The aim of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of eupatilin on prostate cancer cell proliferation and migration.
Human prostate cancer PC3 and LNCaP cells were exposed to eupatilin and its efficacy on cell survival was determined by the MTT test. Apoptosis and cell cycle phases were evaluated by an image-based cytometer. Cell migration and invasion were evaluated by wound healing and matrigel migration assays; the expression of mRNA and protein was assessed by RT-qPCR and Western blot, respectively.
Eupatilin time- and dose-dependently reduced the viability of prostate cancer cells. Exposure of PC3 cells to 12.5μM-50μM eupatilin resulted in apoptosis by upregulating the expression of caspase 3, Bax and cytochrome c. Annexin V assessment also confirmed that eupatilin causes apoptosis. The treatment significantly upregulated the mRNA expression of p53, p21, and p27, causing cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase. Administration of eupatilin inhibited migration and invasion of the cells by downregulating the expression of Twist, Slug and MMP-2, -7. In addition, the agent increased protein expression of tumor suppressor PTEN, while transcription factor NF-κB expression was reduced.
Eupatilin strongly prevents the proliferation of prostate cancer cells, and suppresses migration and invasion. Due to its therapeutic potential, the clinical use of eupatilin in prostate cancer should also be supported by in vivo studies.
Eupatilin strongly prevents the proliferation of prostate cancer cells, and suppresses migration and invasion. Due to its therapeutic potential, the clinical use of eupatilin in prostate cancer should also be supported by in vivo studies.
Esophageal Squamous-Cell Carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most life-threatening malignancies worldwide, with a growing incidence in Iran higher than the global average.
The present study, for the first time under patent number (97668), introduces a method using in vitro production of activated-Birch stem cells using biotechnological techniques of tissue culture and plant stem cell culture from Betula pendula Roth (Birch) bark.
In the first step, Birch stem cells were produced in large amounts using tissue culture, and then the amount of triterpenoids of its extract was measured by the HPLC method. In the second step, the cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT, and the IC50 was calculated. The cellular apoptosis in response to the extract compared to doxorubicin was measured using the Annexin V kit and the flow cytometry method.
The optimized method introduced in the current study efficiently produced plant stem cells containing triterpenoids in large quantities over a period of 2-4 months. Our findings indiccan be used to enhance the treatment of esophageal cancer and supplementation with chemotherapy.
Owing to the extinction of Birch in Iran and its inaccessibility and exploitation, Birch stem cells can be cultured as an appropriate alternative source to produce valuable triterpenoids for pharmaceutical purposes. Additionally, according to the results of this study, stem cells can be used to enhance the treatment of esophageal cancer and supplementation with chemotherapy.
T-LAK cell-originated protein kinase (TOPK) belongs to the serine/threonine protein kinase family. It is highly expressed in RPMI7951 melanoma cells. Scutellarin (SCU) is an active ingredient extracted from Erigeron breviscapus (Vant.) Hand.-Mazz. Its main physiological functions are related to its anti-inflammatory and antitumour activities.
The relationship between SCU and TOPK was assessed by molecular docking, an in vitro binding assay and an in vitro kinase assay. The effect of SCU on RPMI7951 cells was detected by MTS and soft agar assays. TOPK knockdown was induced by lentiviral infection. #link# The TOPK downstream signalling pathway was detected by western blot and immunohistochemical analyses in vitro and in vivo.
SCU was found to directly bind with TOPK and inhibit TOPK activity in vitro. SCU inhibited the proliferation and colony formation of RPMI7951 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Silencing TOPK decreased the sensitivity of colon cancer cells to SCU. SCU inhibited the phosphorylation levels of extracellular regulated protein kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) and histone H3 in a time- and dose-dependent manner in RPMI7951 cells. In addition, SCU inhibited the growth of xenograft tumours of RPMI7951 cells and decreased the phosphorylation levels of extracellular regulated protein kinases 1/2 and histone H3 in vivo.
The results showed that SCU exerts promising antitumour effects on human RPMI7951 cells by inhibiting the activity of TOPK.
The results showed that SCU exerts promising antitumour effects on human RPMI7951 cells by inhibiting the activity of TOPK.
The production of nanocellulose for drug delivery systems has achieved increased attention in the past decade. link2 High capacity for swelling and absorption of the liquid phase, high flexibility in creating different derivatives, economical cost and ease of access to the primary source, all of these properties have encouraged researchers to use nanocellulose and its derivatives as a highperformance drug carrier.
We summarize the recent progresses of cellulose-based nanocarriers designing and practical approaches in drug delivery.
We conducted a literature review on the development of the nanocellulose and its derivatives as a highperformance drug carrier.
In this review, we have attempted to present the latest advances in cellulose modifications for the design of pharmaceutical nanocarriers. at first, cellulose properties and structural classification of nanocellulose were introduced. Then, focusing on medical applications, some efforts and laboratory trials in cellulose-based nano designing were also discussed. The findings demonstrate the benefits of nanocellulose in drug delivery and its potential for modifying by adding functional groups to enhance drug delivery efficiency. Due to the physical and chemical properties of cellulose and its high flexibility to interact with other compounds, a broad perspective can be imagined in the diverse research and novel forms of nanocarriers.
The cellulose nanocarriers can be considered as an attractive platform for researchers to design new structures of pharmaceutical carriers and increase the efficiency of these nanocarriers in drug delivery for the treatment of diseases such as cancer.
The cellulose nanocarriers can be considered as an attractive platform for researchers to design new structures of pharmaceutical carriers and increase the efficiency of these nanocarriers in drug delivery for the treatment of diseases such as cancer.
Inflammation is a key element in tumor progression, over time, persistent inflammation causes damage to DNA and leads to cancer. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/NVP-AUY922.html between chronic inflammation and tumor development is well established, blocking of which can help in cancer prevention and treatment in the future.
Hence, with this background, the present study aims to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anticancer potential of Cassia auriculata (CA) solvent fractions through in silico and in vitro means, respectively.
Generally, inflammatory mediators play a key task in chronic inflammation, following its inflection was chosen for their interactions with nine structurally varied phytoconstituents of CA identified through GCMS. The ethanolic extract of CA was assessed for its apoptotic effects on A549 lung cancer cells by 3-(4,5- dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, JC-10 staining, DNA fragmentation assay and quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR).
The interactions between chemotherapy.
In the present study, polymer-drug conjugates were synthesized based on azo-bond cleavage drug delivery approach for targeting erlotinib as an anticancer drug specifically to the colon for the proficient treatment of colon cancer.
Colon Cancer (CC) is the third commonly detected tumor worldwide and makes up about 10% of all cases of cancers. Most of the chemotherapeutic drugs available for treating colon cancer are not only toxic to cancerous cells but also to the normal healthy cells. Among the various approaches to get rid of the adverse effects of anticancer agents, prodrugs are one of the most imperative approaches.
The objective of the study is to chemically modify the erlotinib drug through azo-bond linkage and suitable spacer which will be finally linked to the polymeric backbone to give the desired polymer linked prodrug. link3 The azo reductase enzyme present in the colon is supposed to cleave the azo-bond specifically and augment the drug release at the colon.
The synthesized conjugates were characterized by IR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy.
