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w further evaluation of seropositivity overtime, providing data, in conjunction with effectiveness studies, for possible future re-assessment of vaccination strategies.
Instituto Sistemas Complejos de Ingeniería and Ministerio de Salud Chile.
For the Spanish translation of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.
For the Spanish translation of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.
The present work was performed to analyze the association of dietary patterns with glycemic control (hemoglobin(Hb)A1c<7%) in a large group of Chinese adults aged between 45 and 59 years.
Habitual dietary intakes in the preceding 12 months were assessed by well-trained interviewers using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire(FFQ). Factor analysis with principal component method was used to obtain the dietary patterns, and the associations between dietary patterns and glycemic control were determined using multivariable logistic regression models. Poor glycemic control was defined as HbA1c≥7.0.
Despite decades of research, data on the relationship between dietary patterns and glycemic control(HbA1c<7%) in China are sparse.
A total of 1739 participants aged 45-59 years from Hangzhou were included in the final analysis.
Three dietary patterns were ascertained and labeled as traditional southern Chinese, Western, and grains-vegetables patterns. After controlling of the possible confounders, participants in the highest quartile of Western pattern scores had greater odds ratio(OR) for HbA1c≥7.0(OR=1.05; 95% confidence interval(CI)1.000-1.095; P=0.048) than did those in the lowest quartile. Compared with those in the lowest quartile of grains-vegetables pattern, participants in the highest quartile had lower OR for HbA1c≥7.0(OR=0.82; 95% CI0.720-0.949; P=0.038). Besides, no significant relationship between the traditional southern Chinese pattern and HbA1c≥7.0 was observed(P>0.05).
This study indicated that the Western pattern was associated with a higher risk, and the grains-vegetables pattern was associated with a lower risk for HbA1c≥7.0. Future prospective studies are needed to confirm our findings.
This study indicated that the Western pattern was associated with a higher risk, and the grains-vegetables pattern was associated with a lower risk for HbA1c≥7.0. Future prospective studies are needed to confirm our findings.
To map and characterize the interactions between the food environment and immigrant populations from low- and middle-income countries living in high-income countries.
A scoping review was carried out following the framework outlined by Arksey and O'Malley, as well as Levac et al. Peer-reviewed studies in English published between 2007 to 2021 were included. check details Two reviewers screened and selected the papers according to predefined inclusion criteria and reporting of results follows the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. A 'Best fit' framework synthesis was carried out using the ANGELO framework.
High-income countries.
Immigrants from low- and middle-income countries.
A total of 68 articles were included, primarily based in the USA, as well as Canada, Australia and Europe, with immigrants originating from five regions of the globe. The analysis identified three overarching themes that interconnected different aspects of the food environment in addition to the four themes of the ANGELO framework. They demonstrate thans therein is key to proposing interventions and policies that can potentially impact the most vulnerable.
To examine how socio-demographic characteristics and diet quality vary with consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) in a cross-sectional nationally representative survey of Australian adults.
Using a 24-hour recall, this cross-sectional analysis of dietary and socio-demographic data classified food items using the NOVA system, estimated the percentage of total energy contributed by UPFs and assessed diet quality using the Dietary Guideline Index (DGI - 2013 total and components). Linear regression models examined associations between socio-demographic characteristics and diet quality with percentage of energy from UPFs.
Australian Health Survey 2011-13.
Australian Adults aged ≥ 19 years (n=8,209).
Consumption of UPFs was higher among younger adults (19-30 years), adults born in Australia, those experiencing greatest area level disadvantage, lower levels of education, and the second lowest household income quintile. No significant association was found for sex or rurality. A higher percentage of energy from UPFs was inversely associated with diet quality and with lower DGI scores related to the variety of nutritious foods, fruits, vegetables, total cereals, meat and poultry, fish, eggs, nuts and seeds, legumes/beans, water and limits on discretionary foods, saturated fat and added sugar.
This research adds to the evidence on dietary inequalities across Australia and how UPFs are detrimental to diet quality. The findings can be used to inform interventions to reduce UPF consumption and improve diet quality.
This research adds to the evidence on dietary inequalities across Australia and how UPFs are detrimental to diet quality. The findings can be used to inform interventions to reduce UPF consumption and improve diet quality.
The North Carolina (NC) Legislature appropriated funds in 2016-2019 for the Healthy Food Small Retailer Program (HFSRP), providing small retailers located in food deserts with equipment to stock nutrient-dense foods and beverages. The study aimed to (1) examine factors facilitating and constraining implementation of, and participation in, the HFSRP from the perspective of storeowners; and (2) measure and evaluate the impact and effectiveness of investment in the HFSRP.
This analysis uses both qualitative and quantitative assessments of storeowner perceptions and store outcomes, as well as two innovative measures of policy investment effectiveness. Qualitative semi-structured interviews and descriptive quantitative approaches including monthly financial reports and activity forms, and end-of-program evaluations were collected from participating HFSRP storeowners.
Eight corner stores in North Carolina that participated in the two cohorts (2016-2018; 2017-2019) of the HFSRP.
Owners of corner stores partid inform potential approaches to ensuring success and sustainability of the HFSRP and similar initiatives underway in other jurisdictions.
The World Health Organization recommends that low birth weight infants receive donor human milk (DHM) when mother's milk is not available. Systematic reviews have been published regarding clinical outcomes of infants receiving DHM, as well as the impact of pasteurization on the composition of DHM; however, information about milk bank donors has not been systematically assessed.
We conducted a systematic scoping review of original research articles about milk bank donors published before August 2020.
A total of 28 studies were included across a variety of geographies United States (n=8), Brazil (n=7), Spain (n=4), India (n=2), and single studies in France, Norway, Poland, Italy, Taiwan, Korea, and China. Study variables were grouped into 6 main categories Donor Demographics (n=19), Clinical Characteristics (n=20), Donor Experiences (n=16), Donation Patterns (n=16), Lifestyle Characteristics (n=4), and Lactation/Breastfeeding History (n=8). Some demographic characteristics were commonly reported across regions, while other, including gender and race were infrequently explored. Factors that might influence the composition of DHM, including birth timing (term or preterm), milk type (colostrum, transition or mature), and maternal diet were not regularly studied. Other gaps in the literature included donors' motivations and barriers to donation; lactation and breastfeeding history, including factors that influence donors to pump and amass surplus milk; and donation patterns, including whether donors are also selling milk to corporations or sharing milk with peers.
What is known about milk bank donors in different geographies is often limited to a single study, with heterogeneity in the variables reported.
What is known about milk bank donors in different geographies is often limited to a single study, with heterogeneity in the variables reported.
Impaction of foreign body is a common condition presented to ear, nose, and throat department among Asian population. The commonest foreign body seen among this population has been documented as fish bone. Fish bone can migrate to lateral neck space or related organs around the neck and chest. By presenting this case report, we aim to emphasize the importance of taking proper history and make clinicians aware of the possibility of a fish bone migrating into different spaces. This will help to prevent diagnosis delay leading to complications due to migrated fish bone.
A 50-year-old female Sinhalese patient presented to ear, nose, and throat department with right-sided neck pain for 2days, who had a history of suspected fish bone impaction a few days ago that subsided without any investigations or treatments. She did not have any symptoms related to throat, and neck examination showed mild swelling and tenderness. Computer tomography revealed a migrated fish bone into the lateral neck close to carotid arternot uncommon and that early suspicion can prevent later diagnosis and complications.
There is a high prevalence of elderly people aged 65 years and older with disabilities in low- and middle-income countries, including Indonesia. This study examined urban-rural disparities in disabilities among elderly Indonesian people by adopting the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health scheme.
The cross-sectional design used a sample of 16 054 people aged 65 years and over from the 2018 National Socio-Culture and Education Module of the National Socio-Economic Survey (Susenas-MSBP). Disability was measured by functional status questionnaires of Susenas that had adopted the UN Washington Group's short set of disability questions. The threshold was at least one of the six domains coded 'a lot of difficulty' or 'can't do it all', or two of the six domains coded 'some difficulty'. Logistic regression analysis was performed to examine disability-associated factors.
The prevalence of disability in this study was 35.1%. Among adults aged ≥65 years, those aged ≥85 vities. As a result, the importance of socializing with family or friends, a high balanced protein intake, and leisure activities in assisting elderly rural people with disability issues must be emphasized.
Elderly rural people in Indonesia were more vulnerable to disabilities than elderly urban people were, which could be attributed to lower educational attainment, a lower balanced protein intake, and fewer leisure activities. As a result, the importance of socializing with family or friends, a high balanced protein intake, and leisure activities in assisting elderly rural people with disability issues must be emphasized.Many temperate insects, such as the Colorado potato beetle, enter diapause in winter, during which they arrest their development, suppress their metabolic rate and have high stress tolerance. Diapause phenotypes can be transcriptionally regulated, however many studies to date report only whole animal gene expression rather than tissue-specific processes during diapause. We used RNA-seq to measure gene expression in fat body and flight muscle of diapausing and non-diapausing beetles. We used differential expression and GO enrichment analyses to evaluate longstanding hypotheses about the mechanisms that drive arrested development, changes in energy metabolism, and increased stress tolerance during diapause. We found evidence of G2/M cell cycle arrest, juvenile hormone catabolism, increased antioxidant metabolism, epigenetic modification, transposable element regulation, and cytoskeletal remodeling in both the fat body and flight muscle of diapausing beetles. Beetles differentially modulated the fat body and flight muscle transcriptomes during diapause with fat body playing a larger role in the hypoxia response and immunity, whereas flight muscle had higher abundance of transcripts related to the chaperone response and proteostasis.
