Deleuransavage3034

Cheeseweed mallow (Malva parviflora L.) was used to biosynthesize silver nanoparticles. The biosynthesized silver nanoparticles were classified by UV-vis Spectroscopy and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). The shape and size distribution were visualized by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), and Zeta potential analysis. The chemical composition of M. parviflora leaf extract was identified by Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectroscopy (GC/MS). Finally, in vitro antifungal assay was done to assess the potential of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles and crude leaf extract of M. learn more parviflora for inhibiting the mycelial growth of phytopathogenic fungi. The UV-vis analysis manifests the formation of silver nanoparticles. FTIR analysis established that chemicals of the leaf extract stabilized the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles by binding with the free silver ions. The TEM, FE-SEM and zeta potential analyzer confirmed that the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles were mostly spherical with an average diameter of 50.6 nm. The biosynthesized silver nanoparticles and leaf extract of M. parviflora effectively mitigate the mycelial growth of Helminthosporium rostratum, Fusarium solani, Fusarium oxysporum, and Alternaria alternata. The maximum reduction in mycelial growth by biosynthesized nanoparticles was observed against H. rostratum (88.6%). Whereas, the leaf extract of M. parviflora was most effective against F. solani (65.3%). Thus, the biosynthesis of nanoparticle assisted by M. parviflora is a feasible and eco-friendly method for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. Further the silver nanoparticles and leaf extract of M. parviflora could be explored for the development of the fungicide.Due to their less expensive, environment friendly nature, and their natural abundance of cobalt have attained more significant attention for the synthesis of cobalt nanoparticles. In the present study, we report the facile synthesis of cobalt nanoparticles using a straight forward chemical reduction approach of cobalt chloride with sodium borohydride and capping of sulfadimidine. sulfadimidine has strong capping eligibility on the surface of nanoparticles due to its chemical stability and is an applicable as stabilizer due to the existence of an amine bond. The as-synthesized sulfadimidine stabilized cobalt nanoparticles (Co-SD NPs) were characterized by using various spectroscopic and microscopic analysis like UV-Visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), High-Resolution Transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The XRD analysis exhibited the triclinic crystal structure of the as-synthesized cobalt nanoparticles and FT-IR analysis confirmed the capping of sulfadimidine via monodentate interaction. The HR-TEM analysis displayed the size of the cobalt nanoparticles approximately 3-5 nm. The antibacterial properties of the sulfadimidine stabilized cobalt nanoparticles (Co-SD NPs) were tested against various bacterial strains such as Klebsiella pneumonia (KP), Escherichia coli (EC) and Pseudomonas syringae (PS) by using agar disc diffusion approach. The results of sulfadimidine capped cobalt nanoparticles displayed the enhanced biological properties against the tested gram-negative bacteria.By using the indigenous micro-organisms of the polluted environment to be treated, bioremediation can be a successful strategy. PCR and RT-PCR molecular techniques were applied to examine the evolution of fungal isolates through putative genes f ligninolytic enzymes like lignin peroxidase (LiP), laccase (LaC), manganese peroxidase (MnP), and cellulase (Cx) as a response to polluting of the environment by hydrocarbons. In this study, isolation of rhizospheric fungal isolates, molecular identification, crude oil tolerance, and enzyme excretions were demonstrated. From the date palm rhizosphere, 3 fungal isolates were isolated and characterized morphologically and molecularly by ITS ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing. The isolates were identified as Aspergillus flavus AF15, Trichoderma harzianum TH07, and Fusarium solani FS12 through using the BLAST tool in NCBI. All fungal isolates showed high tolerance to crude oil and survived with various responses at the highest concentration (20%). Aspergillus flavus AF15 andzyme secretion by fungal isolates. Fungi are important microorganisms in the clean-up of petroleum pollution. They have bioremediation highly potency that is related to their diverse production of these catalytic enzymes.The human-to-human transmitted respiratory illness in COVID-19 affected by the pathogenic Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which appeared in the last of December 2019 in Wuhan, China, and rapidly spread in many countries. Thereon, based on the urgent need for therapeutic molecules, we conducted in silico based docking and simulation molecular interaction studies on repurposing drugs, targeting SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Further, the best binding energy of doxorubicin interacting with virus spike protein (PDB 6VYB) was observed to be -6.38 kcal/mol and it was followed by exemestane and gatifloxacin. The molecular simulation dynamics analysis of doxorubicin, Reference Mean Square Deviation (RMSD), Root Mean Square fluctuation (RMSF), Radius of Gyration (Rg), and formation of hydrogen bonds plot interpretation suggested, a significant deviation and fluctuation of Doxorubicin-Spike RBD complex during the whole simulation period. The Rg analysis has stated that the Doxorubicin-Spike RBD complex was stable during 15000-35000ps MDS. The results have suggested that doxorubicin could inhibit the virus spike protein and prevent the access of the SARS-CoV-2 to the host cell. Thus, in-vitro/in-vivo research on these drugs could be advantageous to evaluate significant molecules that control the COVID-19 disease.

The emerging coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) disease, caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is a worldwide public health crisis. Antibody analysis is an important procedure for the diagnosis of COVID-19 patients. We investigated the IgG, IgM, and IgA responses against the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein among hospitalized COVID-19 patients.

Hospitalized COVID-19 patients (n=178) in the Al Madinah region, Saudi Arabia, participated in this study. Of the 178 patients, 72 (40%) were categorized as severe, including 50 (69%) males and 22 (31%) females. The remaining106 (60%) patients were categorized as non-severe, including 85 (80%) males and 21 (20%) females. Qualitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to detect the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA was used to confirm the diagnosis of each patient. The specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 S protein IgG, IgM, and IgA antibodies in patients' sera were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and compared between case presentations.