Deleurandaniel9590

Satoh-Miura reaction is an important method for extending π-systems by forging multi-substituted benzene rings via double aryl C-H activation and annulation with alkynes. However, the development of highly enantioselective Satoh-Miura reaction remains rather challenging. Herein, we report an asymmetric Satoh-Miura reaction between 1-aryl benzo[h]isoquinolines and internal alkynes enabled by a SCpRh-catalyst. Judiciously choosing the counteranion of the Rh-catalyst is crucial for the desired reactivity over the competitive formation of azoniahelicenes. Detailed mechanistic studies support the proposal of counteranion-directed switching of reaction pathways in Rh-catalyzed asymmetric C-H activation.Suppressing lithium (Li) dendrite growth is a central issue for achieving stable Li metal batteries (LMBs). Here, we propose a binary alloy interface that consists of Ag inner nucleation cores and Zn outer diffusion shells through which a Li solubility gradient is created appropriately to enable simultaneous high lithiophilicity and stability. These merits provide the superior cycling stability of the as-generated Li-Ag-Zn electrode compared with the bare Li or Li-Ag counterparts, resulting in the long-term cycling stability of LMBs.A straightforward approach to synthesise isocoumarins via Rh(III)-catalyzed C-H/C-C bond activation/annulation cascade of enaminones and iodonium ylides has been explored. The established protocol is characterized by an exceedingly simple reaction system, high regioselectivity and good functional group tolerance. Moreover, this strategy may provide a new route to cleavage of the C(sp2)-C(O) bond of unstrained ketones.Cyclopentannulation was explored as a strategy to access large, stable azaarenes. Buchwald-Hartwig coupling of previously reported di- and tetrabrominated cyclopentannulated N,N'-dihydrotetraazapentacenes furnished stable azaarenes with up to 13 six-membered rings in a row and a length of 3.1 nm. Their optoelectronic and semi-conducting properties as well as their aromaticity were investigated.Kill rates are a central parameter to assess the impact of predation on prey species. An accurate estimation of kill rates requires a correct identification of kill sites, often achieved by field-checking GPS location clusters (GLCs). However, there are potential sources of error included in kill-site identification, such as failing to detect GLCs that are kill sites, and misclassifying the generated GLCs (e.g., kill for nonkill) that were not field checked. Here, we address these two sources of error using a large GPS dataset of collared Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx), an apex predator of conservation concern in Europe, in three multiprey systems, with different combinations of wild, semidomestic, and domestic prey. We first used a subsampling approach to investigate how different GPS-fix schedules affected the detection of GLC-indicated kill sites. Then, we evaluated the potential of the random forest algorithm to classify GLCs as nonkills, small prey kills, and ungulate kills. We show that the number of fixes can be reduced from seven to three fixes per night without missing more than 5% of the ungulate kills, in a system composed of wild prey. Reducing the number of fixes per 24 h decreased the probability of detecting GLCs connected with kill sites, particularly those of semidomestic or domestic prey, and small prey. Random forest successfully predicted between 73%-90% of ungulate kills, but failed to classify most small prey in all systems, with sensitivity (true positive rate) lower than 65%. Additionally, removing domestic prey improved the algorithm's overall accuracy. We provide a set of recommendations for studies focusing on kill-site detection that can be considered for other large carnivore species in addition to the Eurasian lynx. click here We recommend caution when working in systems including domestic prey, as the odds of underestimating kill rates are higher.Misinformation can undermine public health recommendations. Our team evaluated a 9-week social media campaign promoting COVID-19 prevention to mothers (n = 303) of teen daughters in January-March 2021. We implemented an epidemiological model for monitoring, diagnosing, and responding quickly to misinformation from mothers. Overall, 54 comments out of 1617 total comments (3.3%) from 20 mothers (6.6% of sample) contained misinformation. Misinformation was presented in direct statements and indirectly as hypothetical questions, source derogation, and personal stories, and attributed to others. Misinformation occurred most (n = 40; 74%) in comments on vaccination posts. The community manager responded to 48 (89%) misinformation comments by acknowledging the comment and rebutting misinformation. No mothers who provided misinformation left the Facebook groups and a few commented again (n = 10) or reacted (n = 3) to responses. Only a small number of comments conveyed misinformation. Our quick-response epidemiological protocol appeared to prevent debate and dropout and exposed these mothers to credible information.

Compare the nursing workload according to the condition of frailty in elderly people in an intensive care unit (ICU).

A cross-sectional study whose sample included patients aged ≥60 years who were hospitalized for ≥24 hours in the ICU of a university hospital in São Paulo, Brazil. The Tilburg Frailty Indicator (TFI) was used to identify frailty in elderly people and the Nursing Activities Score (NAS) was used to measure the nursing workload.

In a sample of 204 elderly people, frailty was found in 156 (76.5%). The elderly people contributed to high nursing workload (mean NAS 75.9) on the first day in the ICU, but frailty did not significantly change the NAS (p = 0.606) (frail 75.7 versus non-frail 76.5), either based on the mean value or the proportion of patients in each category.

The condition of frailty in elderly people did not increase the nursing workload in the ICU.

The condition of frailty in elderly people did not increase the nursing workload in the ICU.It is essential to find a kind of electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reduction (HER) comparable with a noble metal that has good conductivity and abundant active sites. Based on systematic searches by first-principles calculations, we discovered two-dimensional transition-metal nitrides, tetra-phase OsN2 and ReN2 monolayers, as potential HER electrocatalysts with superior thermodynamic and kinetic stability. They exhibited excellent catalytic activity due to the presence of multiple active sites with a density of 8 × 1015 site per cm2 and an overpotential close to 0. In addition, we also found that the synergistic effect of strain and coverage makes them have a good hydrogen evolution activity. The ΔGH of the OsN2 monolayer at 1% tensile strain under 3/4 hydrogen coverage is 0.02 eV, and that of ReN2 at 1/2 hydrogen coverage could decrease to 0.001 eV. Different from other common transition metal nitrides, we found that the active sites of OsN2 and ReN2 monolayers are both at nitrogen atoms, which could be further understood by the crystal orbital Hamiltonian population analysis between N and metal atoms. All these interesting findings not only provide new excellent candidates but also provide new insights into the mechanism of hydrogen evolution of nitrides.Fragmentation dynamics of core-excited isolated ammonia molecules is studied by two different and complementary experimental methods, high-resolution resonant Auger spectroscopy and electron energy-selected Auger electron-photoion coincidence spectroscopy (AEPICO). The combined use of these two techniques allows obtaining information on different dissociation patterns, in particular fragmentation before relaxation, often called ultrafast dissociation (UFD), and fragmentation after relaxation. The resonant Auger spectra contain the spectral signature of both molecular and fragment final states, and therefore can provide information on all events occurring during the core-hole lifetime, in particular fragmentation before relaxation. Coincidence measurements allow correlating Auger electrons with ionic fragments from the same molecule, and relating the ionic fragments to specific Auger final electronic states, and yield additional information on which final states are dissociative, and which ionic fragments can be produced in timescales either corresponding to the core-hole lifetime or longer. Furthermore, we show that by the combined use of two complementary experimental techniques we are able to identify more electronic states of the NH2+ fragment with respect to the single one already reported in the literature.A simple method is proposed in this work for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA based on a functional RNA/DNA circuit. By ingeniously integrating the nucleic acid circuit technology and CRISPR/cas12a system, this method can achieve femtomolar detection of the target RNA in one step and successfully distinguish COVID-19 positive cases from clinical samples, proving its great potential for clinical application.

Proximal humeral fractures are traditionally treated with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), but reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) has emerged as an increasingly popular treatment option. Although ORIF with angular locking plates is a common treatment for proximal humerus fractures, prior reports suggest high failure and complication rates. Although RTSA has become an increasingly popular option for complex proximal humeral head fractures given its low complication rates, there are concerns it may lead to limited postoperative ROM. Thus, the optimal treatment for patients older than 70 years from a functional and radiographic perspective remains unclear.

(1) In patients older than 70 years with three-part and four-part proximal humerus fractures, does RTSA result in better functional outcome scores (Constant, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons [ASES], and DASH scores) than ORIF with a locking plate? (2) Does RTSA result in greater ROM than ORIF? (3) Does RTSA result in a lower risk of of 72] versus 9% [six of 66]; relative risk 0.07 [95% CI 0.0 to 1.2]; p = 0.07).

In patients older than 70 years with three-part and four-part proximal humerus fractures, primary RTSA resulted in better patient-reported outcome scores and better ROM than ORIF with an angular stable locking plate. Our findings might help surgeons decide between internal fixation and arthroplasty to surgically treat these injuries in older patients. Although RTSA seems to be a preferable treatment modality in view of these findings, longer follow-up is required to evaluate its longevity compared with ORIF with an angular locking plate. Dissimilar to ORIF, which is generally stable once healed, arthroplasties are at a continued risk for loosening and infection even after healing is complete.

Level II, therapeutic study.

Level II, therapeutic study.Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is the master regulator of adipogenesis and is expressed as two isoforms, PPARγ1 and PPARγ2. Our previous lentiviral overexpression study showed that PPARγ1 and PPARγ2 differentially regulated proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis of the immortalized chicken preadipocyte cell line (ICP2). However, we cannot rule out the possibility that the endogenous expression of PPARγ isoforms may compromise our findings. In this study, using the dual sgRNA-directed CRISPR/Cas9 system, we generated PPARγ (PPARγ-/-) and PPARγ2-specific knockout (PPARγ2-/-) ICP2 cell lines and investigated the differences in proliferation and differentiation among PPARγ-/-, PPARγ2-/-, and wild-type ICP2 cells. EdU proliferation assay showed that both PPARγ2-specific and PPARγ knockouts significantly increased the proliferation rates. Consistently, real-time RT-PCR analysis showed that both PPARγ2-specific and PPARγ knockouts significantly upregulated the expression of proliferation marker genes PCNA and cyclinD1.