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, team-based care, and information-sharing. Additional work is needed to determine whether the e-referral rate is sustained or increases over time. Further investigations should also be explored to evaluate the impact of e-referral protocols and algorithms on participation in DSMES.In September 2019, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved oral semaglutide as the first orally administered glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist for treating people with type 2 diabetes. Although injectable GLP-1 receptor agonists are well-established treatment options for people with type 2 diabetes, clinical experience with an oral formulation in this class is limited. This article provides practical guidance for diabetes care and education specialists on how to effectively counsel patients initiating therapy with oral semaglutide on appropriate administration of the treatment and its possible effects on glycemic control, body weight, and quality of life. Strategies for mitigating potential side effects typical of the GLP-1 receptor agonist class, namely nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, are also provided. Involving patients in treatment decisions and educating them about available and prescribed medications are key strategies for encouraging treatment adherence and ensuring optimal therapeutic outcomes.The diagnosis and management of Mullerian abnormalities have revolutionized with the advent of magnetic resonance imaging, three-dimensional ultrasound, and endoscopic techniques. All the earlier unclassified abnormalities can now be classified as per the new European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology 2013 nomenclature. The presence of complete uterine septum with cervical duplication and longitudinal vaginal septum reinforces the alternative theory of Mullerian development. The presence of this complex anomaly is discussed in the light of embryonic development along with management issues.Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) syndrome has rarely been reported during pregnancy. The multiple manifestations of the syndrome along with the normal body changes associated with pregnancy can prove to be difficult to manage. We describe our experience of the diagnosis and management of MEN1 syndrome in a pregnant female.

Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is a major reproductive health issue, affecting 2%-5% of couples. Genetic factors, mainly chromosomal abnormalities, are the most common cause of early miscarriage accounting for 50%-60% of first trimester abortion.

To estimate the prevalence and nature of chromosomal anomalies in couples with recurrent miscarriage.

This study included 224 couples with a history of 2 or more abortions. Both partners were karyotyped as part of the primary investigation. Cytogenetic analysis was carried out using the standard method.

A total of 224 couples with a history of two or more recurrent abortions were enrolled in this study. Chromosomal abnormalities were detected in 26 couples (11.6%) and 28 individuals (6.25%). We found a structural chromosome abnormality in 17/28 patients (60.7%); 12 patients had a reciprocal translocation (42.9%) including one patient with an additional inversion of the Y chromosome, 4 (14.3%) had a Robertsonian translocation, and one patient (3.6%) carried a paracentric inversion of chromosome 2. Numerical chromosome aberrations were detected in 5 patients; three patients (10.7%) with sex chromosome abnormalities and two (7.1%) with a marker chromosome. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/gsk484-hcl.html Six patients (21.4%) showed a heteromorphic variant involving chromosome 9.

The prevalence of chromosomal abnormalities in couples with RPL is within the range reported worldwide. Cytogenetic analysis should become an integral part of the investigations of couples with at least two pregnancy losses of undetermined etiology.

The prevalence of chromosomal abnormalities in couples with RPL is within the range reported worldwide. Cytogenetic analysis should become an integral part of the investigations of couples with at least two pregnancy losses of undetermined etiology.

Electronic witness system (EWS) is one of the recent advancements in the field of

fertilization (IVF) that uses radiofrequency identification (RFID) technology to monitor all critical work carried out in each stage of IVF procedures cycle.

The main objective of the study was validation and integration of electronic witnessing system, assessment of its efficacy on lab performance, and staff satisfaction in a busy tertiary IVF center.

The study data included analysis of 187 consecutive cycles for installation and validation of EWS. The laboratory outcomes were analyzed for development of good-quality embryos followed up for the pregnancy outcome.

A total of 751 RFIG tags were involved with 77 patient-assigned barcodes for the all the analyzed cycles. During validation of EWS, a total of 02 (0.46%) red flags were highlighted by EWS from pre-allocated tags within the frequency range of the reader. The maturation rate (83.1%), fertilization rate (74.3%), cleavage rate (93.5%), day 3 grade-A embryo development rate (64.6%), good grade blastocyst development rate (26.4%) were observed in EWS group that was comparable to other groups with no significant difference (

> 0.005). Frozen embryo transfer of EWS cases observed a clinical pregnancy rate (50.0%) that was higher than other groups though statistically not significant as sample size was small.

Our preliminary study suggests that EWS does not affect the gametes, embryos, and pregnancy rate, however a larger randomized clinical trials should be undertaken to evaluate the safety and efficacy of EWS.

Our preliminary study suggests that EWS does not affect the gametes, embryos, and pregnancy rate, however a larger randomized clinical trials should be undertaken to evaluate the safety and efficacy of EWS.

The pandemic of COVID-19 has affected many countries and medical services including assisted reproductive treatment (ART) have been hampered.

The study was conducted to assess the preparedness of ART clinics and staff to resume services; patients' reasons to initiate treatment; and key performance indicators (KPIs) of ART laboratories during the pandemic.

This was a semidescriptive, prospective study in two private

fertilization (IVF) clinics in Maharashtra, India, when COVID-19 testing for asymptomatic people was unavailable.

Time required for replenishing consumables and clinic preparedness to function under "new norms" of pandemic was documented. Infection mitigation measures and triaging strategy were evaluated. KPIs following resumption were analyzed. The Student's

-test was performed for comparing parameters.

Thirty percent of the patients consulted through telemedicine accepted or were eligible to initiate treatment on clinic resumption. Lack of safe transport and financial constraints prevented majority from undergoing IVF, and 9% delayed treatment due to fear of pandemic.