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01). Meeting weekend step count recommendations did not associate with weight status. This study supports the positive relationship between segmented step counts and the healthy weight status of school-aged children.

Alteration of empathy is common in patients with psychiatric disorders. Reliable and valid assessment tools for measuring empathy of clinical samples is needed. The Questionnaire of Cognitive and Affective Empathy (QCAE) is a newly-developed instrument to capture cognitive and affective components of empathy. This study aimed to validate the QCAE and compared self-reported empathy between clinical groups with varied psychiatric diagnoses and healthy sample.

The present study performed factor analysis for the QCAE on clinical samples in the Chinese setting (n = 534), including patients with schizophrenia (n = 158), bipolar disorder (n = 213) and major depressive disorder (n = 163). Internal consistency, internal correlation and convergent validity was examined in the subsample (n = 361). Group comparison among patients with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder and healthy controls (n = 107) was conducted to assess the discriminant validity.

Our results indicated acceptable factor model, good reliability and validity of the QCAE. Impaired cognitive empathy was found in clinical samples, especially in patients with schizophrenia, while higher affective empathy was found in patients with bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder.

The QCAE is a useful tool in assessing empathy in patients with varied psychiatric diagnoses.

The QCAE is a useful tool in assessing empathy in patients with varied psychiatric diagnoses.The purposes of this study were to 1) develop a simulation model of baseball batting utilising the standard motion, and 2) explore optimal motions of the upper body to increase the bat-head speed. Twenty-three male collegiate baseball players performed tee batting set at waist height. A ten-segment angle-driven simulation model consisting of a bat and upper body was driven using with the coordinate data of the standard motion. Performance optimisation was conducted to find joint angle time histories of the upper body that increase the maximum bat-head speed. In the evaluation of the simulation model, the root mean square error between the measured and simulation model was 0.19 m/s and 0.98° for the time histories of the bat-head speed and bat orientation angle. Performance optimisation was able to achieve a targeted increase in bat-head speed (35.6 m/s to 40.0 m/s) through greater barrel-side shoulder abduction, knob-side elbow flexion, and torso right lateral flexion around ball impact resulted in the bat accelerating in the hitting direction. It is concluded that the proposed simulation approach can be applied as a tool for further simulation analysis in various complex sporting motions.Sub-Saharan Africa faces and is severely affected by many conflicts. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) threaten both the physical and financial well-being of individuals in these struggling countries. This research aims to investigate the immigrants' attitudes and beliefs regarding HIV/AIDS in the Mopani district, Limpopo Province. Qualitative and quantitative designs were used, and 200 immigrants were sampled. check details Data was collected using a questionnaire with closed and open-ended questions. Ethical standards were maintained. The study revealed that many respondents expressed discriminatory practices towards individuals infected by HIV. Many viewed promiscuity and the disease called Makhume (meaning illness caused by the omission of purification rites following the death of a family member) as causes of HIV/AIDS. These attitudes could hinder the achievement of healthy lives and the promotion of well-being at all ages if not addressed appropriately. The collaboration of various departments in the Mopani district is required to change these negative attitudes and beliefs that influence immigrants' behaviours. Also, the use of audio-visuals and peer teaching is most successful in changing attitudes and beliefs.Aim To propose actions to organize healthcare of people with chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP) into a biopsychosocial approach. Materials & methods Narrative overview with the Brazilian Unified Health System as archetype to propose the implementation of a biopsychosocial approach to manage CMP. Results Healthcare systems often use biomedical model for CMP management, which may explain the increase of demand and costs of CMP management. This is significant in Primary Health Care, where the healthcare professionals have difficulty with evaluating and treating psychosocial factors. Conclusion The present perspective selected some actions that are part of the common procedures in Brazil's Primary Health Care and proposed a protocol of amplified care for CMP management in all levels orientation, health promotion, prevention and rehabilitation.In human teeth, the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) can have different morphologies, known as Choquet cases or types in type 1, the cementum overlaps the enamel; in type 2, the enamel overlaps the cementum; in type 3, the relationship between the cementum and enamel is edge-to-edge; and in type 4, there is a gap between the enamel and the cementum, with exposed dentin. Since little is known on the morphology of the CEJ in animals, the aim of this study was to characterize the structure of the CEJ of dog teeth by SEM. We studied 82 permanent teeth extracted from 4 dogs of similar size, aged from 7 months to 2 years. Teeth were grouped according to their size, sectioned and prepared for SEM. The teeth evaluated showed the 4 CEJ types. Type 3 was the most prevalent, being present, either alone or in combination, in 90.79% of the samples, followed by type 4 (present in 31.58% of the samples). Of the samples, 65.13% showed only one type, while 34.87% presented a combination of them. Types 3 and 4 were the only ones present alone (in 55.92% and 9.21% of the samples respectively), whereas the combinations between types 3 and 4 (20.40%) and types 1 and 3 (9.87%) were the most frequent. In all combinations, type 3 was predominant. The CEJ of the dogs evaluated showed a high degree of variability in the different types of teeth, within a same tooth, within the dentition of a single individual, and among individuals.