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The patient received hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT), after which he achieved complete remission. As of 2020-10-19, the patient's survival has exceeded 3 years, and he has returned to his normal life. A variety of factors contribute to the onset of HLH, and this case gives greater insight into the etiology of HLH. Allogeneic HSCT is a key treatment for HLH patients with underlying genetic mutations.With the popularity of neoadjuvant therapy as first-line treatment, especially for advanced squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), the focus has become accurate individualized treatment. Specifically, toxic side effects of traditional platinum-doublet chemotherapy are high, so treatment with pembrolizumab plus platinum-doublet chemotherapy is safer and more effective. Pembrolizumab is a humanized monoclonal IgG4 kappa anti-PD1 antibody. It is devoid of any cytotoxic activity among the drug effect. Pembrolizumab has been tested clinically in a series of KEYNOTE studies and 12 categories of malignancies have been tested to determine their clinical effects. A 64-year-old man with IIIA SCC of the lung without any surgical contraindications in the preoperative period successfully underwent radical resection and had a great prognosis after neoadjuvant treatment. Chest computed tomography (CT) showed that the left upper lung lesion, hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes were obviously smaller than before, meanwhile, obstructive pneumonia was significantly absorbed. No sign of metastasis was detected by head-abdominopelvic CT and bone scan. Although radiation pneumonitis was an adverse event after postoperative adjuvant therapy, symptoms were relieved with low-dose glucocorticoids. In conclusion, traditional chemotherapy with single agents alone has been gradually replaced by pembrolizumab plus platinum-doublet chemotherapy as a first-line therapy now.Thoracic endometriosis is characterized by the presence of normal functioning endometrial tissues in normal pleural, diaphragm, or lung parenchyma, and main clinical symptoms include pneumothorax, menstrual hemothorax, menstrual hemoptysis, and pulmonary nodules. Chest X-ray (CXR), computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), bronchoscopy, and surgical biopsy could be applied to the diagnosis of TE. Both drug therapy and surgical treatment were widely used to treat this disease, but no theory was used to guide the choice of treatment options. This paper introduces a case of menstrual hemoptysis due to endometriosis, and the final surgical treatment was chosen. The patient recovered well postoperatively and reported no hemoptysis during 2 months of follow-up. Reexamination of the chest through CT showed no ground-glass lesions or pulmonary exudative lesions. We make the following recommendations for patient selection when considering a surgical approach to the treatment of TE. Patients for whom surgery should be considered are those who (I) do not respond to drug therapy or relapse once drug therapy is withdrawn, (II) cannot tolerate drug therapy or who may wish to get pregnant in the near future (III) have limited lesions which are able to be completely removed during surgery. Patients in whom surgery is not recommended include those who have extensive lesions which cannot be surgically removed, including those with diaphragm or pleural involvement as the diseased tissues must be completely removed to avoid recurrence, and those who are unfit for surgery.Narcolepsy is a sleep disorder with the main manifestations of excessive daytime sleepiness, cataplexy, sleep paralysis, sleep hallucinations, and nighttime sleep disturbance. It is still not fully recognized by clinicians, and many patients are often misdiagnosed with epilepsy, syncope, or mental disorders. In the present study, we report the first case of narcolepsy diagnosed at the district, with a complete medical history, objective examinations, and cerebrospinal fluid and hematological tests, but no cataplexy. Mutiple sleep latentcy test (MSLT) showed that the average sleep latency was 3.1 min, and abnormal REM sleep episodes were detected in 4 naps. The average REM latency was 1.3 min. We review the knowledge and researches on this disease in Mainland China in the past 10 years. click here Data from China in 2014 showed a significant increase in the incidence of narcolepsy in 2011 after the H1N1 epidemic in China in 2009. Despite the low incidence rate, diagnosis of narcolepsy is still confusing and needs clinicians' attention. Whether the incidence of narcolepsy may increase after covid19 remains to be observed. So far, there is no clear evidence to support immunotherapy. In conclusion, further studies are needed to verify more treatments and improve the patient's life quality.Immune thrombocytopenia is a common complication in patients in a minimally conscious state (MCS). MCS patients are prone to pulmonary infection for the reasons of long-term bed rest and tracheotomy etc., which leads to frequent immune thrombocytopenia. At present, there is no specific treatment for immune thrombocytopenia. Moreover, the cost of routine treatment is high, and clinicians need to consider different drug combinations, side effects, and the risk of drug dependence when selecting treatments. Here, we report a case of a patient in a MCS who developed immune thrombocytopenia after tracheotomy and long-term bed laying in October 2015. The patient's platelet count declined continuously, and by December 2015, she was in a critical condition, with a platelet count of less than 20×109/L. The patient firstly received routine treatment, however, this could only temporarily prevent the drop in platelets. Following a series of explorations, the patient was treated with a combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine, which included treatment and preventive measures. For treatment, the patient was given roxithromycin dispersible administration tablets and a self-made preparation of peanut red skin, which could quickly cure the immune thrombocytopenia. Preventive measures included the addition of ursodeoxycholic acid capsules, silybin capsules, and a traditional Chinese medicine preparation. As shown by laboratory examination results, the patient's platelet count has stayed around a normal level since March 2016, and she now has normal liver and kidney function. This outcome evidence that combined traditional Chinese and Western medicine could effectively cure immune thrombocytopenia and prevent its recurrence. Moreover, the cost of the treatment was lower and there were fewer side effects than routine treatment, and at the same time, the method of treatment was simple and convenient. Our practical experience may provide a valuable clue for the treatment of immune thrombocytopenia.