Dallpayne5207

11-0.15). Despite the low health risk, the potential health hazards of neonicotinoids should be continuously assessed, given their ubiquity and cumulative effects.Microplastics (MPs) alter soil aggregation stability. However, studies have yet to determine whether these alterations further affect microbial community structures and diversities within different soil aggregates and whether they influence the responses of soil microbial structures and diversities to MPs in different aggregate fractions. In this study, long-term soil incubation experiments and soil fractionation were combined to investigate the effects of polyethylene microplastics (PE-MPs) on soil aggregate properties and microbial communities in soil aggregates with different particle sizes. Results showed that the existence of PE-MPs significantly reduced the physicochemical properties of soil aggregates, inhibited the activities of soil enzymes, and changed the richness and diversity of bacterial and fungal communities. Such variations exerted notable differences in soil aggregate levels. The response sensitivity of bacteria in the silt and clay fraction was higher than that in the macroaggregate fraction, but the response sensitivity of fungi in the macroaggregate fraction was higher than that in the silt and clay fraction. Relationships and path analysis between soil aggregate properties and microbial communities after PE-MPs addition were proposed. PE-MPs affected microbial community structures by directly and indirectly influencing soil microenvironmental conditions. The relative abundances of Acidobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, Bacteroides, Basidiomycota, Chtridiomyota, and Glomeromycota were significantly correlated with physicochemical properties and soil enzyme activities. Enzyme activities were direct factors influencing soil microbial community structures, and physicochemical properties (i.e., dissolved organic carbon, soil available phosphorus) could indirectly affect these structures by acting on soil enzyme activities. Our findings helped improve our understanding of the responses of soil microbial structures and diversities to MPs through the perspective of different soil aggregates.

The aim of this study was to examine an association of individual and combined pulse waveform parameters derived from bioimpedance measurements, that is pulse waves from a distal impedance plethysmographic (IPG), a whole-body impedance cardiographic (ICG) and transformed distal impedance plethysmographic (tIPG) signals, with markers of subclinical atherosclerosis, i.e. carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and carotid artery distensibility (Cdist). The level of the association was also compared for arterial pulse wave velocity (PWV) and cIMT, FMD, and Cdist.

IPG, ICG, tIPG signals were measured from 1741 Finnish adults aged 30-45 years. The association between pulse wave parameters and cIMT, FMD and Cdist was studied using bootstrapped stepwise Akaike's Information Criterion method resulting in selection of parameters other than PWV, i.e. parameters having stronger association with cIMT, FMD and Cdist than PWV, in the model. Then risk scores were calculated from the selected pulse wave parameters and their association between cIMT, FMD and Cdist was studied with multivariable linear regression analysis.

The risk score was found to be the third strongest predictor of subclinical atherosclerosis as indicated by cIMT measurement, the second strongest predictor of FMD and the strongest predictor of Cdist. These findings show that several individual pulse wave parameters were associated more strongly with cIMT, FMD, and Cdist than PWV when adjusted with clinical risk factors.

Impedance based pulse waveform analysis provides a useful tool for assessing cardiovascular risk and estimating presence of structural changes in the vasculature.

Impedance based pulse waveform analysis provides a useful tool for assessing cardiovascular risk and estimating presence of structural changes in the vasculature.

The aim of this study was to investigate patient experiences of living with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). Living with a premalignant condition such as MGUS may elicit negative psychosocial effects including increased anxiety and fear of progression to cancer. U0126 To date, no study utilising qualitative methodology has explored the lived experiences of MGUS patients.

Data was collected via two focus groups and six telephone interviews. MGUS patients (n=14) were recruited via nurse-led haematology telephone-clinics in Northern Ireland. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and the data subjected to thematic analysis.

Thematic analysis identified 3 overarching themes; (1) The psychosocial impact of an MGUS diagnosis, (2) Knowledge of MGUS and (3) Experiences of MGUS health services. Patients with MGUS reported experiencing poor psychological adjustment to their condition particularly at the point of diagnosis and approaching follow-up appointments. Feelings of isolation, poor information-provision, increased uncertainty and limited psychosocial support for MGUS patients were also reported. Patients did however reflect positively on their experience of being followed up via nurse-led telephone clinics.

Provision of patient friendly information guides at diagnosis, and additional psychosocial support services such as nurse-led telephone clinics and coordinated patient groups may help MGUS patients adjust better to their diagnosis and in doing so improve quality of life in this patient population.

Provision of patient friendly information guides at diagnosis, and additional psychosocial support services such as nurse-led telephone clinics and coordinated patient groups may help MGUS patients adjust better to their diagnosis and in doing so improve quality of life in this patient population.

Individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) show different personality profiles compared to non-psychiatric populations, but little is known about the temporal stability of personality traits over time, and if changes in mood state drive changes in personality.

Participants were 533 BD and 185 healthy controls (HC) who completed the NEO-Personality Inventory-Revised (NEO-PI-R) and clinician-administered measures of mood at baseline. One-hundred-eighty BD and 79 HC completed the measures at 5-year follow-up and 60 BD and 16 HC completed the measures at 10-year follow-up. The above measures and demographic information, but not other clinical status indicators the BD illness, were used in analyses.

The BD group has higher Neuroticism (N)/N facets and lower Extraversion (E)/E facets and Consciousness (C)/C facets compared to HC. Significant mean-level changes existed within groups but were small in magnitude, and groups showed similar moderate-to-high rank-order stability. Change in (N)/N facets shows an association with change in depression, but changes in all other NEO-PI-R scores are not associated with changes in mood.