Dalechang2831

Strigolactones (SLs) are the major plant hormones that play important roles in regulating organ development and environmental stress tolerance in plants. Even though the SL-related genes have been identified and well characterized in some plants, the information of SL-related genes in soybean is not fully established yet, especially in response to salt and alkaline stresses. In this study, we identified nine SL biosynthetic genes that include two D27, two CCD7, two CCD8, and three MAX1, as well as seven SL signaling genes that comprised two D14, two MAX2, and three D53 in the soybean genome. We found that SL biosynthetic and signaling genes are evolutionary conserved among different species. Syntenic analysis of these genes revealed their location on nine chromosomes as well as the presence of 10 pairs of duplication genes. Moreover, plant hormone and stress-responsive elements were identified in the promoter regions of SL biosynthetic and signaling genes. By using reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR, we confirmed that SL genes have different tissue expressions in roots, stems, and leaves. The expression profile of SL biosynthetic and signaling genes under salt and alkaline stresses further confirmed the regulatory roles of SL biosynthetic and signaling genes under stress. In conclusion, we identified and provided valuable information on the soybean SL biosynthetic and signaling genes, and established a foundation for further functional analysis of soybean SL-related genes in response to salt and alkaline stresses.

Several in-vitro and animal studies suggest that statins may have beneficial effects on clinical outcomes of traumatic brain injury (TBI), however, clinical data are scarce.

To examine the association of statin use with TBI clinical outcomes among patients with TBI.

A retrospective cohort study of Tricare beneficiaries who had a TBI diagnosis, as defined by the Barbell injury diagnosis matrix. Outcomes were defined using ICD-9 codes and included post-concussion syndrome, neurological disorders, substance dependence or abuse, and psychiatric disorders. Statin-users and non-users were propensity score (PS)-matched using 103 baseline characteristics.

Out of 1187 adult patients with a TBI diagnosis (172 statin-users and 1015 nonusers), we PS-matched 70 statin-users to 70 non-users. There were no statistically significant differences in the PS-matched cohort of statin-users in comparison to nonusers for post-concussion syndrome (odds ratio [OR] 0.24, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.03-2.20), neurological disorders (OR 0.60, CI 0.31-1.16); substance dependence or abuse (OR 0.80, CI 0.40-1.60), or psychiatric disorders (OR 0.80, CI 0.41-1.55).

This study did not show benefit or harm for statins among survivors of TBI. Our findings do not support the evidence from some animal studies and small randomized controlled trials. Further studies utilizing larger sample sizes are warranted.

This study did not show benefit or harm for statins among survivors of TBI. Our findings do not support the evidence from some animal studies and small randomized controlled trials. Further studies utilizing larger sample sizes are warranted.Given the role opioid overprescribing has played in the current overdose crisis, reducing the supply of prescription opioids available for misuse has gained widespread support. Prescription monitoring programs (PMPs) have been identified as a tool for achieving this goal, but little is known about how to promote PMP use to prescribers. This paper describes the process of developing a health communication campaign to support the adoption of the Texas PMP. After formative research, message development and concept testing, a range of campaign concepts and messages were tested and final recommendations determined. The messages and lessons learned have utility beyond Texas.Although the incidence of thyroid carcinoma is reported to be the highest among malignancies of endocrine system, its diagnosis is still unsatisfactory. This study sought to explore the key DNA methylation-driven genes in the development of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) via a bioinformatic analysis based on the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and was validated using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The level 3 DNA methylation, mRNA expression, and clinical data of 499 patients with PTC were obtained from the TCGA database. The R package LIMMA, edgeR, and MethylMix were applied to explore the DNA methylation-driven genes in PTC. The ConsensusPathDB software, DAVID, and STRING databases were used for Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses, as well as protein/protein interaction network construction individually. To verify the result, the explored genes were validated using GSE97466 data set retrieved from the GEO database. Fifty-seven (57) methylation-driven genes were detected via MethylMix based on a beta mixture model that compared the DNA methylation state of tumor tissues with that of the normal tissues. Eventually, three genes (TNFRSF1A, CLDN1, and CASP1) were identified to be the most potential biomarkers for the diagnosis or treatment of PTC. These results suggest the crucial roles of TNFRSF1A, CLDN1, and CASP1 in the tumorigenesis of PTC and provide a vital bioinformatic basis for further experimental validations and clinical applications.

Researchers examined associations between specific forms of emotion dysregulation and numerous behavioral manifestations of impulsivity (i.e., problematic alcohol use, drug use, risky sexual activity, binge eating, non-suicidal self-injury).

Participants were 238 undergraduate students (69% female).

Emotion dysregulation was assessed using the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS). Path models examined each DERS subscale on its own, and all DERS subscales together, as predictors of all impulsive behaviors.

Lack of emotional clarity predicted the largest number of impulsive behaviors, both on its own and after controlling for other forms of emotion dysregulation. Non-acceptance of emotions and difficulties achieving goals when upsetalso related to several impulsive behaviors.

Certain emotion regulation difficulties, particularly poor emotional clarity, may represent specific mechanisms that lead to maladaptive impulsive behaviors. Findings provide useful information for incorporating spesent specific mechanisms that lead to maladaptive impulsive behaviors. Findings provide useful information for incorporating specific emotion regulation skills in harm prevention programs and treatments for university students.

This study examined interrelationships among insomnia, stress, anxiety, and metabolic risk factors.

A total of 124 college students were included in the analysis (age = 21 ± 1 years). Insomnia, stress of life events, and anxiety were assessed using self-reported questionnaires. Fasting blood samples were assayed for glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-cholesterol).

Insomnia was positively associated with stress of life events (β = 0.28,

 < .001) and anxiety (β = 0.46,

 < .001). Insomnia was related to elevated fasting insulin (β = 0.12,

 = .04) and triglyceride level (β = 1.85,

 < .001). An inverse association was found between insomnia and HDL-cholesterol (β = -0.45,

 = .03). Sobel's test for mediation showed that stress of life events (

 = .020) and anxiety (

 = .013) mediated the relationship between insomnia and hypertriglyceridemia.

Reducing stress and anxiey (p = .013) mediated the relationship between insomnia and hypertriglyceridemia. Conclusions Reducing stress and anxiety among college students with insomnia may influence subsequent cardiovascular health.Smoking is an age-old food preservation method. Intense smoking results in deposition of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in food. Replacing traditional smoking practices with application of liquid smoke or smoke flavouring is proven to reduce the PAH content without adversely affecting flavour of the products. This study explores source-dependant variations in composition of a coconut-flavoured liquid smoke. Liquid smoke produced from coconut husk (CH), coconut fibre (CF) and coconut fibre powder (CP) was analysed for total phenolic content, total carbonyls, titratable acidity, pH and PAH content. Resultant liquid smokes were also compared a commercial liquid smoke (CL) for composition. Total phenolic content in the liquid smokes ranged from 1518 ± 184 (CH), 1037 ± 110 (CF), 834 ± 48.23(CP) and 20047 ± 193 mg L-1 (CL). Commercial liquid smoke showed highest total PAH content 215 ± 15.45 ng ml-1 followed by 8.23 ± 1.47 (CP), 7.22 ± 1.44 (CF) and 0.64 ± 0.13 ng m-1 (CH). Further, process parameters for producing 'masmin' - a popular traditional smoked and dried ready-to-eat product - by replacing traditional smoking practices with liquid smoking were standardised using Response Surface Methodology. Spraying cooked skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) loins with coconut husk liquid smoke containing 4% salt for 155 min at flow rate of 3 L hr-1 and chamber temperature of 60°C was found to give the product a matching flavour with traditional masmin.Background Severe burns lead to a profound hypermetabolic, hypercatabolic, hyper-inflammatory state. Pediatric burn patients are at significantly increased risk for infection and sepsis secondary to loss of the skin barrier and subsequent immunosuppression. Infection is the most common cause of morbidity and death in pediatric burn patients, and the mortality rate from sepsis remains high. Methods Review of pertinent English-language literature pertaining to infection among pediatric burn patients. Results Established risk factors for infection in pediatric burn patients are the depth of injury, presence of inhalation injury, indwelling devices, and total body surface area burned. Total body surface area remains one of the most important risk factors for the development of infectious complications, and mortality risks increase significantly if the burn size is >40%. The predominant colonization of burn wound starts with gram-positive organisms, which are replaced later by gram-negative organisms. Most cases of sepsis in burn patients originate from infected burn wounds. Treatment options include topical and systemic antimicrobial drugs, but surgical intervention often is the most definitive treatment. Excision of burn eschar to remove the source of potential infection is a key component of the treatment as well as prevention of infection. Conclusion Key principles in improving outcomes for septic pediatric burn patients is early recognition, resuscitation, and adherence to management strategies such as prompt antimicrobial drug administration and source control.

We investigated the effects of acute ingestion of

extract on metabolic and cardiopulmonary responses during a high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE), and its consequence on neuromuscular fatigue.

Ten healthy men underwent a HIIE (4 x 4 min, 3 min recovery) one hour after ingesting 400 mg of

extract (MIE) or placebo. Oxygen uptake ([Formula see text]O

), dioxide carbon production ([Formula see text]CO

), ventilation ([Formula see text]E) and heart rate (HR) were measured throughout the HIIE. Maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), voluntary activation (VA), and evoked 1, 10 and 100 Hz force twitch were measured before supplementation (baseline), and before (pre-HIIE) and after the HIIE (post-HIIE).

The [Formula see text]O

, [Formula see text]E, [Formula see text]E/[Formula see text]O

ratio and HR increased progressively throughout the HIIE under both conditions (p < 0.05). MIE increased HR, however, at bouts 1 and 2 and mean [Formula see text]O

during HIIE. The mean respiratory exchange ratio during recovery was also reduced with MIE (p < 0.