Crowdernorup3377

In addition, in both rodent and NHP models, bifunctional NOP/MOP receptor agonists can attenuate reward processing and/or the reinforcing effects of opioids and other abused drugs. While a mixed NOP/opioid receptor "full" agonist cebranopadol is undergoing clinical trials, bifunctional NOP/MOP "partial" agonists exhibit promising therapeutic profiles in translational NHP models for the treatment of pain and opioid abuse. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/recilisib.html This class of drugs demonstrates the therapeutic advantage of NOP and MOP receptor coactivation, indicating a greater potential for future development. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Congenital hemangiomas (CHs) are unusual and diverse tumors distinguished from infantile hemangiomas by being largely developed at birth and glucose transporter (GLUT1)-negative. We describe three infants who presented in utero or at birth with segmentally distributed vascular tumors that were GLUT1-negative, had histology compatible with congenital hemangioma, and exhibited spontaneous clinical involution. One of the three patients had high-output cardiac failure and was found to have a mutation in GNAQ (c.626A>c, p.Gln209Pro); another had high-output cardiac failure, heterotaxy, and transient hematologic abnormalities and was found to have a mutation in GNA11 (c.626_627delinsCC, p.Gln209Pro). In addition to describing a novel segmental pattern of congenital hemangioma variant with genetic correlations, these cases illustrate the utility of targeted genetic testing to elucidate the exact mutation and thus classification of vascular tumors. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.For the past half century, silicon has served as the primary material platform for integrated circuit technology. However, the recent proliferation of nontraditional electronics, such as wearables, embedded systems, and low-power portable devices, has led to increasingly complex mechanical and electrical performance requirements. Among emerging electronic materials, single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are promising candidates for next-generation computing as a result of their superlative electrical, optical, and mechanical properties. Moreover, their chirality-dependent properties enable a wide range of emerging electronic applications including sub-10 nm complementary field-effect transistors, optoelectronic integrated circuits, and enantiomer-recognition sensors. Here, recent progress in SWCNT-based computing devices is reviewed, with an emphasis on the relationship between chirality enrichment and electronic functionality. In particular, after highlighting chirality-dependent SWCNT properties and chirality enrichment methods, the range of computing applications that have been demonstrated using chirality-enriched SWCNTs are summarized. By identifying remaining challenges and opportunities, this work provides a roadmap for next-generation SWCNT-based computing. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.Recent studies show that sleep facilitates the learning of complex cognitive skills. Here, we assess the effect of sleep on performance in an ecological, multi-componential task, which requires subjects to trace on a screen as many words as possible with 16 letters, some of which ("bonuses") multiply the value of letters or words containing them. In a within-subjects design, 23 healthy adults underwent training and retest, with a retention period (approximately 8 hr) spent awake (WK, with training in the morning and retest in the afternoon) or asleep (SL, with training in the evening and retest in the morning). The main performance measure (GLOB) results from the total value of the letters used, the number of words, their length and the strategic use of bonus letters. An additional measure (WORDS, i.e., the proportion of words correctly detected over all detectable words) was also used, mainly reflecting procedural rather than strategic skills. In WK, although GLOB increased at retest, a significant improvement emerged only for WORDS, whereas in SL only GLOB was enhanced. In WK, the GLOB improvement appears to depend on the increase in the number of words detected (GLOB and WORDS improvement measures were positively associated), whereas in SL this association was not observed, indicating a shift to more complex but more rewarding strategies. Our data contribute to the understanding of everyday life learning processes by suggesting that sleep benefits memories of future relevance and promotes preferential consolidation of strategic skills when this is useful to achieve one's goal. © 2020 European Sleep Research Society.Depression and anxiety are commonly associated with synucleinopathies. Mood disturbances have also been reported in patients with idiopathic REM sleep behaviour disorder (iRBD) and are difficult to treat due to exacerbation of sleep symptoms with standard antidepressants. Despite this, detailed prevalence studies of mood symptomatology and contributors to mood disturbances in iRBD are limited. Mood, sleep, autonomic, cognitive and motor symptoms were assessed in 49 well-characterized patients with iRBD using a variety of clinical scales. Spearman correlations, factor analysis and multiple linear regression were used to uncover associations between mood and non-motor and motor symptoms. The prevalence of significant depression was 17.0% and that of anxiety was 14.6% in the iRBD cohort. Age and disease duration were not correlated with these affective symptoms in iRBD patients. We found depression was significantly predicted by the presence and severity of motor, sleep and cognitive symptoms. Anxiety was predicted by the severity of nocturnal and daytime sleep-related symptoms, cognitive symptoms and autonomic symptoms, with a differential effect depending on the questionnaire used. Depression and anxiety are common in iRBD patients and can be significantly explained by specific sets of non-motor and motor symptoms. These associations provide insight into the underlying pathophysiology and emphasize the importance of a holistic approach to mood disturbance in this population, which may circumvent the reliance on pharmacotherapy that can exacerbate dream enactment behaviour. © 2020 European Sleep Research Society.