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Moreover, CD4+/CD8+ ratio (cutoff > 1.34; P=.045) and increased thrombocyte counts (cutoff >259 000; P=.010) were baseline predictors for 5-year LS death.

ECP appears to be beneficial in early-stage CTCL as well. Lower percentages of circulating CD4+/CD7- and CD4+/CD26- lymphocytes at baseline correlate with response to ECP. In this study, however, baseline SIIBs did not appear to serve as suitable biomarkers for the prediction of treatment outcome and LS survival.

ECP appears to be beneficial in early-stage CTCL as well. Lower percentages of circulating CD4+/CD7- and CD4+/CD26- lymphocytes at baseline correlate with response to ECP. In this study, however, baseline SIIBs did not appear to serve as suitable biomarkers for the prediction of treatment outcome and LS survival.

Previous studies have focused on the association between ambient particulate matter and diabetes. However, the relationship between subacute exposure to occupational dust and diabetes has not been explored. We aimed to assess this relationship.

Men who worked in dust-related process factories between January 2013 and December 2017 were recruited from a Korea Health Worker Examination Common Data Model cohort. ASP5878 A history of physician-diagnosed diabetes, use of an anti-diabetic drug, or a fasting blood glucose level of ≥7mmol/L were considered the criteria to diagnose diabetes. Multivariable time-dependent Cox analysis estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for incident diabetes associated with exposure to occupational dust exposure; interactions with lifestyle factors were analysed. Sensitivity analyses used propensity score matching and landmark analysis.

Among 5141male participants (median follow-up duration, 3.85years), 349 participants had diabetes. Occupational dust exposure was related to an increased risk of diabetes in the time-dependent Cox analysis (entire cohort HR 1.66 [95% CI 1.25-2.19], matched cohort HR 1.65 [95% CI 1.22-2.24]). The findings showed the same direction in the landmark analysis (HR 1.42 [95% CI 1.01-1.99]).

A significant relationship exists between occupational dust exposure and increased risk of diabetes in male workers. Further studies should be conducted to confirm that occupational dust exposure is a possible risk factor for diabetes.

A significant relationship exists between occupational dust exposure and increased risk of diabetes in male workers. Further studies should be conducted to confirm that occupational dust exposure is a possible risk factor for diabetes.

To explore how postgraduate nursing students used the Fundamentals of Care framework in a written assignment based on a clinical situation, and describe their learning process in using the framework.

A qualitative descriptive study design applying the Fundamentals of Care framework.

Postgraduate nursing students' theoretical written assignments (n= 35) based on self-experienced clinical cases were included. The data were collected in 2021 in five specialties in a postgraduate nursing programme in Sweden. The data were analysed using content analysis.

Applying the framework to a self-experienced clinical case illuminated the importance of nurse-patient relationships and clarified the meaning of person-centred care. The students assessed the framework as easy-to-use bedside as a guide to providing nursing care. By using the framework, the students were aided in reasoning about the fundamental values of care such as ethics, equality in healthcare and patient rights. When students reflected on their learn students and made them recognize and value the clinical use of theories. It is the responsibility of leaders in nurse education and healthcare to provide the next generation of specialist nurses-future nursing leaders-with regular opportunities to analyse nursing care through theories and frameworks. Nurses call for continuous learning on theories; leaders in nurse education and healthcare must meet these needs.

To evaluate the health status of nurses in China and explore the impact of work-related stress, work environment and lifestyle factors on their health outcomes.

The Chinese Nurses' Health Study is a multicentred, prospective cohort study.

We plan to recruit approximately 80,000 registered nurses aged between 18 and 65years. Eligible nurses will be introduced to complete a series of web-based questionnaires after obtaining their informed consent. Follow-up questionnaires will be completed at 2-year interval to continuously track subsequent exposures. Health-related indicators will be obtained through self-reporting by nurses and the provincial and national registry platforms such as National Central Cancer Registry. The funding was approved in July 2020 and Research Ethics Committee approval was granted in February 2021.

The study is the first multicentred prospective cohort study that aims to assess the impact of work-related stress, work environment and lifestyle factors on the health of Chinese nursndong.

Due to the lack of research, this study aimed to assess the association between the specific range of heart rate and cardiovascular (CV) death in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients.

Heart rate of 70-79 bpm may be associated with reduced risk of CV death in CHD patients.

This retrospective cohort study collected the data of CHD patients from the eight cycles of the Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The included patients were divided into four groups <60, 60-69, 70-79, and ≥80 bpm. The start of follow-up date was the mobile examination center date, the last follow-up date was December 31, 2015. The average follow-up time was 81.70 months, and the longest follow-up time was 200 months. Competing risk models were developed to evaluate the association between heart rate and CV death, with hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) calculated.

A total of 1648 patients with CHD were included in this study. CHD patients at heart rate of <60 (HR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.34-1.36), 60-69 (HR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.04-1.06) or ≥80 (HR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.38-1.41) bpm had a higher risk of CV death than those at heart rate of 70-79 bpm.

Heart rate of <70 or ≥80 bpm was associated with an elevated risk of CV death among CHD patients. Continuous monitoring of heart rate may help to screen for health risks and offer early interventions to corresponding patients.

Heart rate of less then 70 or ≥80 bpm was associated with an elevated risk of CV death among CHD patients. Continuous monitoring of heart rate may help to screen for health risks and offer early interventions to corresponding patients.

Trigger warnings-advance notification of content so recipients may prepare for ensuing distress-feature in discussions in higher education. Students' expectations for warnings in some circumstances are recognised, and some educators and institutions have adopted use. Medical education necessitates engagement with potentially distressing topics. Little is known about medical students' expectations regarding warnings in education.

All students from a 4-year graduate-entry UK medical degree programme were contacted via digital message outlining study details and were openly sampled. Qualitative methodology was chosen to explore participant expectations, experiences and meanings derived from experiences. Students participated in semi-structured interviews exploring perspectives on functions, benefits and drawbacks of trigger warnings in classroom-based medical education. We analysed interview transcripts using thematic analysis.

Thirteen semi-structured, qualitative interviews were undertaken. Themes in theds, while also experiencing sufficient formative exposure to develop resilience. Greater understanding of trauma prevalence and impacts and underpinnings of warnings amongst students and educators are recommended to optimise education environments and professional development.

Diverse student opinions regarding warnings were identified. Most students suggested that warnings be used prior to topics concerning recognised traumas. Incremental exposure to distressing content was recommended. Students should be supported in managing own vulnerabilities and needs, while also experiencing sufficient formative exposure to develop resilience. Greater understanding of trauma prevalence and impacts and underpinnings of warnings amongst students and educators are recommended to optimise education environments and professional development.

Dysphagia is a common complication in patients with laryngeal cancer after surgery and radiotherapy.

To explore the effect of swallowing training administered in combination with nutritional intervention on the nutritional status and quality of life of laryngeal cancer patients with dysphagia after surgery and radiotherapy.

Sixty-six patients with laryngeal cancer who developed dysphagia were randomly divided into control group and intervention group (n=33 in each group). Patients in both groups received total laryngectomy and prophylactic radiotherapy and were provided routine health counseling and swallowing training. Patients in the intervention group were additionally provided with nutritional intervention. All patients were evaluated using video fluoroscopic swallowing examination (VFSE), Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment on nutritional status (PG-SGA) score, and Quality of Life Questionnaire-core 30 (QLQ-c30) score immediately after radiotherapy and 3months later.

Prior to swallowing training, there was no significant between-group difference with respect to VFSE evaluation, PG-SGA score, or QLQ-c30 score. Both groups showed improvement in these measures at 3months after radiotherapy; however, the improvement in the intervention group was significantly better than that in the control group.

Swallowing training combined with nutritional intervention can improve swallowing function, nutritional status and the quality of life of laryngeal cancer patients with dysphagia after operation and radiotherapy.

Swallowing training combined with nutritional intervention can improve swallowing function, nutritional status and the quality of life of laryngeal cancer patients with dysphagia after operation and radiotherapy.Stepped-wedge cluster randomized trials (SW-CRTs) are typically analyzed using mixed effects models. The fixed effects model is a useful alternative that controls for all time-invariant cluster-level confounders and has proper control of type I error when the number of clusters is small. In principle, all clusters in SW-CRTs are designed to eventually receive the intervention, but in real-world research, some trials can end with unexposed clusters (clusters that never received the intervention), such as when a trial is terminated early based on interim analysis results. Typically, unexposed clusters are expected to contribute no information to the fixed effects intervention effect estimator and are excluded from fixed effects analyses. In this article we mathematically prove that inclusion of unexposed clusters improves the precision of the fixed effects least squares dummy variable (LSDV) intervention effect estimator, re-analyze data from a recent SW-CRT of a novel palliative care intervention containing an unexposed cluster, and evaluate the methods by simulation.