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However, keel bone deformities and Newcastle disease virus antibody titers are the worst in the post-molting period. Stiffness of femur and metatarsus was increased with period. These results indicate that necessary precautions should be taken against the problems that may occur in the direction of bone and health. During the molting period, hens kept in EC had lower egg production but they returned to egg production at a high rate. EC type had a positive effect on egg production, feed conversion ratio, feather and foot condition, and breaking force of metatarsus.An erratum to this paper has been published https//doi.org/10.1007/s12551-020-00763-9 .Markerless 3D surface topography for scoliosis diagnosis and brace treatment can avoid repeated radiation known from standard X-ray analysis and possible side effects. Combined with the method of torso asymmetry analysis, curve severity and progression can be evaluated with high reliability. In the current study, a machine learning approach was utilised to classify scoliosis patients based on their trunk surface asymmetry pattern. Frontal X-ray and 3D scanning analysis with a clinical classification based on Cobb angle and spinal curve pattern were performed with 50 patients. Similar as in a previous study, each patient's trunk 3D reconstruction was used for an elastic registration of a reference surface mesh with fixed number of vertices. Subsequently, an asymmetry distance map between original and reflected torso was calculated. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/mtx-211.html A fully connected neural network was then utilised to classify patients regarding their Cobb angle (mild, moderate, severe) and an Augmented Lehnert-Schroth (ALS) classification based on their full torso asymmetry distance map. The results reveal a classification success rate of 90% (SE 80%, SP 100%) regarding the curve severity (mild vs moderate-severe) and 50-72% regarding the ALS group. Identifying patient curve severity and treatment group was reasonably possible allowing for a decision support during diagnosis and treatment planning. Graphical abstract.Several classification systems of the spinal curves in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) have been developed to guide surgical decision-making. The current classification systems are based on the spinal deformity patterns or deformity magnitudes in one or two anatomical planes. Considering the 3D nature of the spinal deformity in AIS, these classifications fail to capture the spine's curve in its entirety. We proposed a classification based on the axial plane and showed that mathematical analysis of the 3D spinal curve, using differential geometry, supports the differences between the subtypes in this classification system. We calculated the writhe and twist of the entire spinal centerline, elements of the Călugăreanu-White-Fuller theorem, in a cohort of 30 right thoracic AIS patients. We also classified this cohort manually based on the vertebral level at which the direction of vertebral rotation caudal to the thoracic curve changes Lumbar in Group I (V-shaped axial projection) or thoracolumbar in Group II (S-shaped axial projection). The writhe and twist of the spinal curve were significantly different between these manual classification subgroups. Our manual classification distinguished the axial subgroups of right thoracic AIS supported by mathematical specifications of the entire curve in three dimensions. Graphical abstract.Esophageal dissecans superficialis (EDS) is a rare disease with endoscopic findings of sloughing squamous tissue with underlying normal mucosa and had no known cause. The literature does support possible causality between the presence of an esophageal stricture and EDS however there has been no association to date between EDS and esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction (EGJOO). We present a case of newly diagnosed EGJOO in a patient with long standing gastroesophageal reflux disease who presented with dysphagia. Evaluation identified endoscopically normal mucosa and a diagnosis of esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction on high resolution impedance manometry. A month later, repeat endoscopy identified diffusely sloughing mucosa consistent with EDS. Endoscopic dilation followed by a robotic Heller myotomy with Dor fundoplication to relive the outflow obstruction resulted in resolution of EDS in this case.Despite the rapid growth in the number of Korean Americans (KAs) and the alarmingly high prevalence of depression in this population, relatively little is known about the impact of depression literacy on KAs' depression. This study investigated the prevalence of depressive symptoms among a community-based sample of KA adults; the associations among socio-demographic characteristics, depression literacy, and depressive symptoms; and predictors related to depressive symptoms. A sample of 600 KAs completed depression and depression literacy scales, as well as socio-demographic questionnaires. Data analyses were conducted to assess the association between depressive symptoms, depression literacy, and the covariates. Forty-five percent of participants showed elevated depressive symptoms. Marital status, attained educational level, perceived mental health, and depression literacy were significant predictors of depressive symptoms. Given the high prevalence of depressive symptoms in this population, future research should investigate the causal relationships of various predictors of depression and depression literacy, which will facilitate the development of culturally-appropriate interventions and policies concerning mental health for KAs, and early mental health screening for them.Barth syndrome (BTHS) is a rare, X-linked recessive, infantile-onset debilitating disorder characterized by early-onset cardiomyopathy, skeletal muscle myopathy, growth delay, and neutropenia, with a worldwide incidence of 1/300,000-400,000 live births. The high mortality rate throughout infancy in BTHS patients is related primarily to progressive cardiomyopathy and a weakened immune system. BTHS is caused by defects in the TAZ gene that encodes tafazzin, a transacylase responsible for the remodeling and maturation of the mitochondrial phospholipid cardiolipin (CL), which is critical to normal mitochondrial structure and function (i.e., ATP generation). A deficiency in tafazzin results in up to a 95% reduction in levels of structurally mature CL. Because the heart is the most metabolically active organ in the body, with the highest mitochondrial content of any tissue, mitochondrial dysfunction plays a key role in the development of heart failure in patients with BTHS. Changes in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation reduce the ability of mitochondria to meet the ATP demands of the human heart as well as skeletal muscle, namely ATP synthesis does not match the rate of ATP consumption.