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To investigate whether the attenuation value obtained by subtracting the CT value obtained from abdominal dynamic contrast enhanced (ADCE)-MDCT imaging of the equilibrium phase from the value obtained from that of the portal phase in hepatic parenchyma is useful in distinguishing normal liver from liver cirrhosis (LC) and to predict the development of esophageal varices (EVs) in patients with LC.
We assigned 72 outpatients to group A (n = 45; normal liver) and group B (n = 27; LC), who underwent ADCE-MDCT. The attenuation value and CT value of the hepatic parenchymal portal and equilibrium phase were compared, and the correlation between attenuation value and biomarkers (ALB, T-bil, PLT, FIB-4, APRI, and AAR) was investigated. Furthermore, we investigated differences in the attenuation value, FIB-4, APRI, and AAR between the two subgroups of group B [without EVs (group a) and with EVs (group b)]. We performed receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis of the attenuation value, FIB-4, APRI, and, AAR for subgroup a vs b and evaluated the diagnostic accuracy.
Significant differences were observed between groups A and B in all items. The attenuation value correlated with ALB, T-bil, PLT, FIB-4, and APRI. Only attenuation value showed a significant difference between groups a and b. The best cut-off attenuation value, FIB-4, APRI, and AAR for predicting EVs, according to ROC analysis was 13.4 HU, 6.8, 1.9, and 1.5.
Attenuation value can be useful to quantitatively classify normal liver and LC and to predict EVs in patients with LC.
Attenuation value can be useful to quantitatively classify normal liver and LC and to predict EVs in patients with LC.India is in dire need of an alternative to general medical practitioners to overcome a severe shortage of doctors, especially in rural and underprivileged regions. Empowering nurses through nurse practitioner (NP) role is the superlative solution to provide quality health care in primary care setting. Based on conceptions and research findings of the NP' s role, we analyzed and examined the realities, scope, and barriers for implementing the NP' s role in India and propose future strategies to create a NP cadre.
Globally, informal caregivers caring for cancer patients meet challenges within their caregiving role, which significantly influence their quality of life. This qualitative systematic review aimed to analyze how cancer caregiving influence the quality of life of informal caregivers and the management strategies of informal caregivers for their role as cancer caregivers.
Following the enhancing transparency in reporting the synthesis of qualitative research (ENTREQ) statement, Wanfang database, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), CINAHL, MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, PsycARTICLES and PsycINFO, and grey literature in English and Chinese from 1 May 2009 to 31 December 2019 were searched. Quality of included studies was assessed by the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (2018) Qualitative Checklist and thematic synthesis was conducted.
Of the 8,945 studies identified, 6 studies met the inclusion criteria. One analytical theme relating to the QoL of informal caregivers following cancer care professionals and policymakers.
To translate and validate the Chinese version of the Work-Family-School Role Conflicts Scale (WFSRCs-S) among nurses with multiple roles.
A sample of 233 registered nurses pursuing an advanced degree was recruited from 8 university hospitals in 5 cities in China from March to July 2016. The original scale of WFSRCs-S was translated into Chinese and revised to reflect cultural meaning, using standard translation methodology, and its reliability and validity were assessed.
The content validity index of the 12-item WFSRCs-S-Chinese was 0.83, and the item level of content validity index ranged from 0.79 to 1.00. The exploratory factor analysis yielded a three-factor solution (work-school-to-family role conflict, family-school-to-work role conflict, and work-family-to-school role conflict) and explained 71.9% of the total variance for WFSRCs-S-Chinese. SC144 The Cronbach's α coefficients for the total scale and the three sub-scales were 0.87, 0.79, 0.78, and 0.87. The confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the measurement model was satisfied, and the test-retest reliability of WFSRCs-S-Chinese was 0.85. The WFSRCs-S-Chinese score was positively associated with burnout (
=0.36,
<0.001) and negatively related to role-related social support (
=-0.18,
=0.046), thereby establishing concurrent validity.
The reliability and construct validity of the WFSRCs-S-Chinese suggest that this scale could be useful to assess inter-role conflicts among nurses with multiple roles in China.
The reliability and construct validity of the WFSRCs-S-Chinese suggest that this scale could be useful to assess inter-role conflicts among nurses with multiple roles in China.
This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Conditions for Workplace Effectiveness Questionnaire-II-Arabic Version (CWEQ-II-AV), which measures structural empowerment among nurses. To enhance the usability and credibility of the CWEQ-II among researchers within Arabic-speaking countries, a valid and reliable Arabic version of the measure is necessary.
A cross-sectional research design was used. From December 2018 to June 2019, 275 nurses working in 4 hospitals participated in the study. Reliability was assessed by examining internal consistency and split-half reliability. A confirmatory factor analysis was performed to evaluate the factor structure of the CWEQ-II-AV.
The psychometric properties of the CWEQ-II-AV were excellent regarding the six-factor model (opportunity, information, resources, support, formal power, and informal power). The results showed the following fit indices meet the criteria set a priori comparative fit index (CFI)=0.96, root mean square of error approximation (RMSEA)=0.06, and
/
=2.08. Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.95 for the total questionnaire and ranged between 0.83 and 0.89 for the individual subscales. The split-half reliability was 0.91 for the total questionnaire and ranged from 0.83 to 0.87 for individual subscales.
This study provides evidence that CWEQ-II-AV is both a reliable and valid measure of structural empowerment among Arab nurses.
This study provides evidence that CWEQ-II-AV is both a reliable and valid measure of structural empowerment among Arab nurses.
This study aimed to validate the Positive Aspects of Caregiving(PAC) scale's psychometric properties among Japanese informal caregivers of people with dementia.
A cross-sectional research design was used. Data were collected from the Kinki region of Japan during January 2019 and July 2019. Translation and back-translation were performed to acquire the optimal translation of the PAC scale. In total, 194 participants responded to questionnaires that included the Japanese version of the PAC scale and the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Reliability was evaluated by examining the internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Exploratory factor analysis with maximum likelihood estimation and oblique rotation was performed to assess the PAC scale structure. Concurrent validity was determined using Pearson's correlation coefficient.
The final version of the Japanese version of the PAC scale contained nine items. Exploratory factor analysis revealed two factors (
and
). The Cronbach's ⍺ coefficient of itive aspects of caregiving.
To investigate the adversity quotient (AQ) of Macao undergraduate nursing students and analyse its influencing factors.
A cross-section design was used, and a convenience sample of nursing students (
=158 valid) was selected from a tertiary institute in Macao. In addition to demographic questions, the Chinese versions of the Adversity Quotient Scale, the Emotional Intelligence (EI) Scale, the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire and the Parenting Styles Scale were used to assess the students' characteristics.
The average AQ score of the students was 116.72±11.39. AQ scores were negatively correlated with coping-negative, and maternal style (excessive interference, excessive protection) (
=-0.332,
<0.001;
=-0.167,
=0.036). Coping-negative entered the regression equation (
=19.154,
<0.001). The female nursing students had higher scores in ownership dimension of AQ than their male counterparts (31.98±3.26 vs. 29.21±3.08,
=-4.442,
<0.001).
The average AQ scores of Macao undergraduate nursing students were moderate. The female nursing students are more likely to attribute the cause of adversity to themselves, and specific psychosocial and cultural issues may be at play. There is a necessity for Macao nursing students to improve their ability to overcome setbacks. Special attention should be paid to the cultivation of students' positive coping styles.
The average AQ scores of Macao undergraduate nursing students were moderate. The female nursing students are more likely to attribute the cause of adversity to themselves, and specific psychosocial and cultural issues may be at play. There is a necessity for Macao nursing students to improve their ability to overcome setbacks. Special attention should be paid to the cultivation of students' positive coping styles.
This study aimed to describe the implementation of the surgical safety check policy and the surgical safety checklist for invasive procedures outside the operating room (OR) and evaluate its effectiveness.
In 2017, to improve the safety of patients who underwent invasive procedures outside of the OR, the hospital quality and safety committee established the surgery safety check committee responsible for developing a new working plan, revise the surgery safety check policy, surgery safety check form, and provide training to the related staff, evaluated their competency, and implemented the updated surgical safety check policy and checklist. The study compared the data of pre-implementation (Apr to Sep 2017) and two post-implementation phases (Apr to Sep 2018, Apr to Sep 2019). It also evaluated the number of completed surgery safety checklist, correct signature, and correct timing of signature.
The results showed an increase in the completion rate of the safety checklist after the program implementation from 41.7% (521/1,249) to 90.4% (3,572/3,950), the correct rates of signature from 41.9% (218/521) to 99.0% (4,423/4,465), and the correct timing rates of signature from 34.4% (179/521) to 98.5% (4,401/4,465), with statistical significance (
<0.01).
Implementing the updated surgery safety check significantly is a necessary and effective measure to ensure patient safety for those who underwent invasive procedures outside the OR. Implementing surgical safety checks roused up the clinical staff's compliance in performing safety checks, and enhanced team collaboration and communication.
Implementing the updated surgery safety check significantly is a necessary and effective measure to ensure patient safety for those who underwent invasive procedures outside the OR. Implementing surgical safety checks roused up the clinical staff's compliance in performing safety checks, and enhanced team collaboration and communication.
