Cowanmohamed5005

The annual herb Parthenium hysterophorus L. (Asteraceae), remains one of Southern Africa's most significant invasive weeds, commonly invading savannas, and their rangelands, causing severe losses to agriculture, livestock production and native biodiversity. Previous studies have suggested that perennial grasses may act as useful competitive species, capable of suppressing the growth and invasion of P. hysterophorus. To explore this, a total of 48 plots were established within an invaded savanna, using a randomised block design, and included treatments with and without the clearing of P. hysterophorus, as well as with and without the sowing of native perennial grass seed (Anthephora pubescens, Chloris gayana, Cynodon dactylon, Digitaria eriantha, Eragrostis curvula, Panicum maximum and Themeda triandra). Plots were assessed yearly in terms of P. hysterophorus density and growth as well as grass species composition, basal cover, and biomass over a three-year period. Navarixin clinical trial Clearing alone was found to exacerbate invasion, increasing P. hysterophorus density by 40%. Whereas the sowing of grass seed, in both the cleared and uncleared plots, increased the abundance of perennial grass species by 28%, subsequently reducing the size, reproductive output and density of P. hysterophorus over the three years. In addition, these sowing efforts contributed towards partial restoration of the plots, enhancing grass basal cover by ~15% and biomass production by 17%. Overall, this research suggests that sowing of native grass species, with or without clearing, may be a useful supplementary control or restoration tool towards the long-term management of P. hysterophorus invasions in managed savannas and rangelands in Southern Africa.

to validate the proposed N descriptor revision on a large cohort of patients and assess the impact of tumour location on the distribution pattern of lymph node metastases for patients with NSCLC.

This is a retrospective review of a consecutive series of patients who had anatomical lung resections. Systematic lymph node dissection was done for all patients.

Between January 2009 and December 2019 2566 patients had surgical resection for NSCLC. 448 patients (17.5%) had histologically confirmed lymph node metastases 257 (57.4 %) had pN1 and 191 pN2. Median age of the study population was 69.1 years. Overall survival (OS) for study population was 37.3 months with 5-year survival rate of 35.7 %. The survival analysis of the N subgroups showed the pN2 patients had a median OS of 27.9 months vs. 41.7 months for pN1 patients (p = 0.013). Analysis as per the new proposal of the N subgroups N1a vs N1b vs N2a1 vs N2a2 vs N2b showed that median survival OS was 41.7 vs. 39.2 mo vs. 33.3 mo vs. 28.9 mo vs. 24.6 mo (p = 0.099). There was statistically significant difference in survival between N2 patients with skip metastasis and N2 patients without skip metastases OS 32.2 (95 % CI 16.8-47.6) months vs. 24.2 months (p = 0.024). On multivariate analysis only pathological N (p = 0.011) and the new proposed N classification (p = 0.006) were independent prognostic factors for survival.

N1 and N2 disease are heterogeneous groups and require further stratification. The number of N2 lymph node stations involved and the presence or not of N1 disease translated to significant differences in survival and therefore have to be included in N staging.

N1 and N2 disease are heterogeneous groups and require further stratification. The number of N2 lymph node stations involved and the presence or not of N1 disease translated to significant differences in survival and therefore have to be included in N staging.

The Prevention of Migraine via Intravenous ALD403 Safety and Efficacy 1 (PROMISE-1) study was a phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study designed to evaluate the efficacy, tolerability, and pharmacokinetic properties of repeat intravenous (IV) doses of the calcitonin gene-related peptide‒targeted monoclonal antibody eptinezumab (ALD403) for migraine prevention in adults with episodic migraine. Here we present the results of PROMISE-1 through 1 year of treatment (up to 4 doses).

Patients received up to 4 IV administrations of eptinezumab 30mg, 100mg, 300mg, or placebo every 12 weeks. Patients recorded migraine and headache in an electronic diary daily. Additional assessments, including the patient-reported outcomes, were performed at regularly scheduled clinic visits throughout the 56-week study period.

A total of 888 adults (mean age, 39.8 years; 84.3% female; 83.8% white) received treatment eptinezumab 30mg, n=219; eptinezumab 100mg, n=223; eptinezumab 300mg, n=224; and placebo, n=ery 12 weeks for up to 4 doses was associated with early and sustained migraine-preventive effects and a favorable safety profile in adults with episodic migraine. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02559895.

IV eptinezumab administered every 12 weeks for up to 4 doses was associated with early and sustained migraine-preventive effects and a favorable safety profile in adults with episodic migraine. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02559895.The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has caused an unprecedented clinical situation. A retrospective cross-sectional study was designed with the aim to evaluate psychiatric emergencies from March 14 to May 1, 2020, coinciding with the start of the emergency state and the lockdown until the attenuation of the confinement. Data obtained during this period were compared with the emergencies attended in the same period of 2019. A total of 213 psychiatric emergencies were attended in 2020 compared with 367 in 2019. The mean number of emergencies per day was significantly lower during the COVID-19 outbreak in 2020 (M=4.35, SD= 2.04) vs. the same period in 2019 (M=7.50, SD= 3.18). A higher percentage of patients with schizo/psychotic disorders (34.3% in 2020, vs. 24.3% in 2019), as well as a lower percentage of patients with anxiety/adaptive disorders (25.4% in 2020 vs. 35.4% in 2019) was observed during the outbreak. A significant lower mean discharge/emergency ratio (M=42.17, SD= 26.94 in 2020 vs. M=63.43, SD= 17.64 in 2019) and a higher referral to Internal Medicine/emergency ratio (M=20.