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Provider associations representing primary care, mental health and psychiatry, and education must partner to rectify these identified problems and revise the understanding of primary care in mental health management and future workforce policy. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).Comments on the article by B. L. Duncan et al (see record 2021-76744-003). As a physician and a Clinical Associate Professor in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at the University of Washington, the author asks several questions related to this randomized clinical trial. How do the research questions and findings in this paper resonate with your experience as a clinician? What Is one thing you might do differently in your practice after reading this paper? What factors might facilitate or hinder the uptake/implementation of this research in practice? What is one unanswered question that you would like to see pursued as a follow-up to this research? (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted individuals across the world, and in particular, dramatically affected the experience of pregnancy and childbirth for many expectant mothers. The transition to parenthood is a time of increased risk for mental health problems, and maternal prenatal stress is associated with long-term maternal and infant health implications. The current study explored whether COVID-19 related changes to mothers' childbirth plans and prenatal health care experiences during the first wave of pandemic lockdowns in the U.S. were associated with self-reported depression, anxiety, and stress.

In spring 2020; we surveyed 641 pregnant women on their pregnancy and birth plans, as well as their mental health, during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Women anticipating changes to the presence of their partner at birth also reported heightened symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. Additionally, women who anticipated changes to the timing of delivery reported both higher anxiety and higher perceived stress.

These findings extend initial work suggesting increased risk for mental health problems in pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic by highlighting specific pandemic-related disruptions to pregnancy and birth that may have contributed to prenatal distress. Monitoring and intervention for these mothers and their infants are warranted. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

These findings extend initial work suggesting increased risk for mental health problems in pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic by highlighting specific pandemic-related disruptions to pregnancy and birth that may have contributed to prenatal distress. Monitoring and intervention for these mothers and their infants are warranted. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

The COVID-19 pandemic has introduced new stressors for parents ("caregivers") that may affect their own and their child's mental health (MH). We explored self-reported levels of caregiver strain (parents' perceived ability to meet parenting demands), and the MH and sociodemographic factors of caregivers to identify predictors of strain that can be used to guide MH service delivery for families.

We administered a web-based survey to Ontario caregivers with a child between 4 and 25 years old, between April and June 2020. We analyzed information from 570 maternal caregivers on their sociodemographics, youngest (or only) child's MH, their own MH, and the degree of caregiver strain experienced since the pandemic. We used linear regressions (unadjusted and adjusted models) to explore the relationship between caregiver strain and sociodemographics, child MH and caregiver MH.

Over 75% of participants reported "moderate-to-high" caregiver strain. More than 25% of caregivers rated their MH as "poor" and 20% reporeviate pandemic-related strain. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

The objective of this study was to determine the preliminary feasibility and acceptability of screening for family functioning in a family medicine setting, and secondarily to explore differences in parent-child dyad interest in behavioral health service utilization by demographics, pediatric behavioral symptoms, and pediatric QOL.

The McMaster Family Assessment Device General Functioning subscale was used to assess family functioning among 58 parent-child (ages 11-26) dyads in family medicine. Feasibility and acceptability were assessed through study interest and participation and interest and attendance in behavioral health services. Associations with interest in services, Child Behavior Checklist, Pediatric QOL Inventory, and select demographics were conducted using independent samples t-tests and Mann-Whitney tests.

Fifty-eight parent-child dyads participated in the study. Close to half of dyads who expressed interest in the survey completed the assessment (46%). Dyads who completed the assessment hehavioral health services. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).In 2013, a bunch of us ran around collecting paper surveys off chairs after a plenary address at the Collaborative Family Healthcare Association's (CFHA) annual conference. From 150 responses, we found that less than a quarter would take the time to attend a workshop about research and evaluation. Fast forward 5 years The organization showed robust attendance at research and evaluation training sessions, and interest in a preconference had risen to 77%. What prompted this shift? In response to survey findings, the Research and Evaluation Committee (REC), supported by the CFHA, engaged a data-informed and stakeholder-responsive approach to cultivating empiricism within the CFHA. The activities led by the REC demonstrate the need for creativity and leadership in this area and the CFHA's strong. organizational values around such efforts. As past and present leaders in the CFHA's REC initiatives, we write this editorial to make explicit the value of research to the organization and the value of the organization to the evidence base. In addition, we document some key institutional history in this area and, with input from the CFHA's current chief executive officer, Neftali Serrano, and REC chair, Will Lusenhop, forecast a vision for the future. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).A modified Dimensional Change Card Sort (DCCS) task was used to test cognitive flexibility in adult cotton-top tamarins and children aged 19 months to 60 months. Subjects had to infer a rule from the experience of selecting between two cards to earn a reward, and the pairs of stimuli defined the rule (e.g., pick blue ones, not red ones, or pick trucks, not boats). Two different tests measured subjects' ability to shift to a reversal of the rule (intradimensional shift) and to shift to a new rule defined by a dimension previously irrelevant (interdimensional shift). Both adult tamarins and children aged 49-60 months were able to learn the initial rule and switch to a reversal and to a rule based on a different dimension. In contrast, the two younger groups of children, aged 19-36 months and aged 37-48 months, could switch when a reversal was imposed but took significantly longer to learn a new rule on a former irrelevant dimension. Experiment 2 presented a wider set of novel stimuli which shared some features with the original set to further explore the basis of rule learning. The result was that tamarins and 52- to 60-month-old children both chose novel stimuli that fit the rule and had no a priori associative strength, suggesting a rule application not solely based on associative strength. Importantly, novel items introduced some risk for choice, and children showed themselves to be risk-averse, whereas tamarins were risk-prone within a novel context. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).Previous studies of memory have focused heavily on recognition of environmental stimuli such as objects, images, or spatial cues. Less is understood about animals' abilities to flexibly retrieve memories of recently performed actions and to use such memories to guide their responses. Training individuals to repeat actions on cue potentially can reveal what they remember about recent actions, how long they retain those memories, and how flexibly they can form and use mental representations of actions. This project examined memories for recently performed actions in domestic dogs. We tested dogs' abilities to reproduce actions on cue immediately after performing those actions and after a delay. All dogs learned to repeat recent actions when cued to do so. Dogs also proved to be able to repeat actions after short delays, to repeat actions multiple times without additional training, and to repeat actions that they were not explicitly trained to repeat, including untrained actions that they innovated on cue. Collectively, these findings suggest that dogs can flexibly access memories of their actions and can form an abstract concept of repeating that generalizes across many different actions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).Complex social life is considered important to the evolution of cognition in primates. One key aspect of primate social interactions concerns the degree of competition that individuals face in their social group. To examine how social tolerance versus competition shapes social cognition, we experimentally assessed capacities for flexible gaze-following in more tolerant Barbary macaques (Macaca sylvanus) and compared to previous data from despotic rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). Monkeys experienced one of two possible conditions. In the barrier condition, they observed an actor look upwards into an overheard barrier, so they could not directly see the target of the actor's gaze without reorienting. In the no barrier condition, they observed an actor look upwards without a barrier blocking her line-of-sight, so they could observe the target of the actor's gaze by also looking upwards. Both species (N = 58 Barbary macaques, 64 rhesus macaques) could flexibly modulate their gaze responses to account for the demonstrator's line of sight, looking up more often when no barrier was present, and this flexible modulation declined with age in both species. However, neither species preferentially approached to look inside the barrier when their view of the target location was obscured, although rhesus macaques approached more overall. This pattern suggests that both tolerant and despotic macaques exhibit similar capacities to track other's line of sight and do not preferentially reorient their bodies to observe what an actor looks at in this situation. This contrasts with other work indicating that competitive primates are especially adept at some aspects of theory of mind. learn more Thus, it is important to understand both the similarities and differences in the social-cognitive abilities of primates with different social styles. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).Reports an error in "High sensitivity and specificity screening for clinically significant intimate partner violence" by Richard E. Heyman, Katherine J. W. Baucom, Shu Xu, Amy M. Smith Slep, Jeffery D. Snarr, Heather M. Foran, Michael F. Lorber, Alexandra K. Wojda and David J. Linkh (Journal of Family Psychology, 2021[Feb], Vol 35[1], 80-91). In the article, the affiliation of Heather M. Foran was incorrectly listed as "Family Translational Research Group, New York University." Her correct affiliation is "Institute for Psychology, University of Klagenfurt, and Institute for Psychology, University of Braunschweig." In addition, there were two errors in Table 3 whereby the last row of column 1 should have been labeled "Any of the two items" rather than "Both items," and the final subheading should have read "Female → Male psychological CS-IPV (Male report)a " rather than "Male → Female psychological CS-IPV (Male report)a." Finally, in the Supplemental Material, the second item of the "Screener for Clinically Significant IPV-Psychological" questionnaire should have been deleted.