Cookmelton4691

Purpose Colon cancer-associated transcript 1 (CCAT1) was identified as an oncogenic long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in a variety of cancers. check details However, there was a lack of understanding of the mechanism by which CCAT1 conferred cisplatin (also known as DDP) resistance in ovarian cancer cells. Materials and Methods Cell viability of A2780, SKOV3, A2780/DDP and SKOV3/DDP cells upon cisplatin treatment was monitored by MTT assay. qRT-PCR detected the expression levels of CCAT1 and miR-454. The effect of sh-CCAT1 on cisplatin response was investigated in xenografts study. Bioinformatic analysis, luciferase reporter assay and qRT-PCR were conducted to validate the direct interaction among CCAT1, miR-454 and survivin. Apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry after dual staining of Annexin-V-FITC/PI, and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins Bcl-2, Bax and survivin were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blotting. Xenograft study was conducted to monitor in vivo tumor formation. Results CCAT1 was highly expressed in cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cell line A2780/DDP and SKOV3/DDP. Knockdown of CCAT1 restored sensitivity to cisplatin in vitro and in vivo. Our data revealed that silencing of CCAT1 promoted cisplatin-induced apoptosis via modulating the expression of pro- or anti-apoptotic proteins Bax, Bcl-2 and survivin. CCAT1 directly interacted with miR-454, and miR-454 overexpression potentiated cisplatin-induced apoptosis. Survivin was identified as a functional target of miR-454, restoration of survivin attenuated the effect of miR-454 on cisplatin response. In addition, miR-454 inhibitor or overexpression of survivin was found to abolish sh-CCAT1-induced apoptosis upon cisplatin treatment. Conclusion CCAT1/miR-454/survivin axis conferred cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer cells.In this study, we assessed a series of our cases in which endoscopic self-expandable metal stents (SEMSs) were used to treat malignant afferent loop obstruction (ALO) that arose after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). We retrospectively examined the records of 7 patients who underwent endoscopic SEMS placement for malignant ALO following PD. Clinical success was achieved in all cases. The median procedure time was 30 min (range, 15-50 min). There were no cases of stent occlusion, and no procedure-related adverse events were encountered. All patients died of their primary disease, and the median overall survival period was 155 days (range, 96-374 days). A re-intervention involving endoscopic ultrasound-guided hepaticogastrostomy combined with antegrade stenting was performed for obstructive jaundice and acute cholangitis in 1 case. In conclusion, endoscopic SEMS placement may be an effective and safe treatment for malignant ALO that arises after PD.PURPOSE Health improves the proficiency and output generated by individuals. It also raises physical as well as mental abilities, which are required for the growth and advancement of any economy. Many infant diseases have been recognised via contemporary technology in a bid to tackle these diseases. However, children within the African continent (Including Nigeria) die en masse from diseases. This has made the government of Nigeria allocate sizeable part of the nation's budget to healthcare system. The allocation to health is, however, yet to translate to improved health condition for Nigerians. It does not measure up to the World Health Organization's (WHO) standards for apportioning budget to the health sector. This study also analyses empirically the impact of healthcare expenses on the mortality level of infants as well as Nigeria's neonatal mortality level. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH The paper focuses on Nigeria. Vector auto regression model techniques, unit root tests and cointegration test were carried out using time series date for the period between 1986 and 2016. FINDINGS The outcome has revealed that expenditure on healthcare possesses a negative correlation with the mortality of infants and neonates. The study discovers that if the Nigerian government raises and maintains health expenditure specifically on activities focused on minimising infant mortality, it will translate to reduction in infant mortality in Nigeria. ORIGINALITY/VALUE This paper has contributed exhaustively to solution to poor expenditure on healthcare, especially child mortality, in Nigeria. © Emerald Publishing Limited.A previous assessment of submissions for rare disorder drugs made to the Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health (CADTH) found that, from 2012, all positive recommendations included criteria advocating a price reduction. Since 2016, CADTH and the pan-Canadian Pharmaceutical Alliance (pCPA), which conducts drug price negotiations with manufacturers for all public drug programs, have aligned their processes. This analysis examined drugs for rare and ultra-rare disorders (DRDs and DURDs)-prevalence of ≤20 to >2 and ≤2 per 100,000, respectively-with a completed pCPA negotiation or no negotiation between 2014 and 2018, together with their reimbursement recommendations and listings in public drug programs. A positive recommendation led to a successful price negotiation for 81.8% and 78.6% of the DRD and DURD submissions and a negative recommendation to no negotiation for 100.0% and 66.7%. Less than half the recommendations for DURDs reported before 2016 mentioned the need for a substantial price reduction, but this increased to 80% in those reported from 2016 onwards. A successful price negotiation led to listing in the majority of the public drug programs and a negative recommendation usually led to no listing. The CADTH-pCPA alignment is working for the governments who own and fund public drug programs but has yet to lead to coverage for all appropriate patients in all provinces. There is still a way to go to ensure that patients with unmet needs can access high-cost innovative medicines that alleviate suffering, prevent premature death, and/or significantly improve their quality of life. © 2020 Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology. All rights reserved.The discharge summary sheet's coding allows calculation of the severity index (SI), mortality index (MI), and resource intensity weight (RIW). These indicators help to describe the burden of care for individual cases and could potentially influence patient-based funding. This study was undertaken to simulate the impact of different adverse drug reactions (ADRs) on the hospital length of stay, thus allowing calculation of the effect of ADRs on the SI, MI, and RIW. This exploratory descriptive study was based on computer simulations. We created, by simulation, seven patient profiles of various complexities representative of our patients. Fifteen types of combination of drug and ADR manifestation comprising 15 ADR caused by eight different drug classes were identified based on the most frequently coded ADR in fiscal years 2016-2017 and 2017-2018. Those 15 combinations were applied to the patient profile to simulate the impact on the SI, MI, and RIW in eight scenarios. From these data, we measured the impact of the ADRs on these indicators.