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At follow-up at 30 months, the patient remains clinically well, with no changes visible on computed tomography scan. CONCLUSIONS ICPN of the gallbladder appears to be part of a spectrum of alterations encompassing bile duct or pancreatic lesions. Although it is uncommon, more than half of the lesions are known to have foci of invasive neoplasia at the time of diagnosis. Despite that, the prognosis for these neoplasms is more favorable than for gallbladder neoplasia that originates from another type of lesion. Pathological study of ICPN is essential to define the main characteristics that impact prognosis and survival in these patients.

In the pediatric general surgery literature, it has been shown that prenatal diagnosis of a congenital anomaly is an independent predictor of parental psychological distress. Surgical prenatal counseling can decrease parental anxiety by helping families understand the surgical needs and potential outcomes of their infant. In this retrospective analysis (n = 440), the authors sought to present our care pathway for prenatally diagnosed cleft lip and palate (CL/P) and explore the impact of cleft lip and palate-specific prenatal counseling on patient care by comparing the timing of clinical and surgical care between a cohort of patients who received prenatal CL/P consultation and a cohort of patients only seen postnatally. The authors hypothesize that our multidisciplinary prenatal care intervention is associated with earlier postnatal clinic visits and surgical repair. The care of all patients whose mother's presented for prenatal CL/P consultation (prenatal cohort, n = 118) was compared to all new CL/P patienen  0.001) as well as a shorter time to CL repair in patients with CL only (P = 0.002) and CLP (P = 0.047). Our described pre- and postnatal CL/P pathway is a multidisciplinary model associated with high retention rates from the prenatal period through complete surgical repair.

CIRPLAST is a nonprofit volunteer plastic surgery program that has provided free surgery for patients with cleft lip and palate deformities in different parts of Peru since 1995. In 2015, the author reported 6,108 patients that had been successfully operated on by the CIRPLAST team over a 20-year period. A technique, developed by the author, for the straight-line vertical cleft lip closure without skin flaps of the unilateral cleft lip, was mentioned in that publication but it was not described. 1 The purpose of this article is to present the technique, which has been successfully employed in all the CIRPLAST cleft missions in Peru, for the past 25 years.

The straight-line vertical cleft closure does not rely on measurements or skin flaps, and it can be used to close any degree of unilateral cleft lip cleft. The procedure is simple and dependable. After incising the cleft borders on both sides of the cleft, the orbicularis oris muscle is liberated from the surrounding tissues, segmented, and then moved dolose any degree of lip clefting, including very wide clefts, without skin flaps. The associated cleft nasal deformity is corrected before the lip closure. The procedure has been used in all the CIRPLAST cleft missions in Peru for the past 25 years, and the outcomes of the repair over time have been satisfactory and stable.

The straight-line vertical cleft lip closure, based on the orbicularis oris muscle repair, can be used to close any degree of lip clefting, including very wide clefts, without skin flaps. The associated cleft nasal deformity is corrected before the lip closure. The procedure has been used in all the CIRPLAST cleft missions in Peru for the past 25 years, and the outcomes of the repair over time have been satisfactory and stable.

Number of female athletes continues to exponentially increase in all sports; however, available literature detailing craniofacial injuries remains scarce. Compared to male athletes, female athletes may experience different types of injuries. These may be related to sex differences such as craniofacial pain and dimensions. AZ 3146 supplier Thus, this study assesses the type of sport and craniofacial injuries that pediatric and adolescent female athletes sustain.

National Electronic Injury Surveillance System was analyzed for all hospital admissions for young female athletes (5-24 years old) experiencing a sports-related craniofacial injury. These included contusions and abrasions, lacerations, fractures, and hematomas. Following sports were analyzed for craniofacial injury basketball, golf, soccer, ice skating, swimming, softball, horseback riding, volleyball, field hockey, and football.

Most of the sports-related craniofacial injury occurred in female athletes who are between 10 and 19 years old. Across all age groups, , such as scarring and depression. Overall, sports-related craniofacial injuries among female athletes need to be further examined as the epidemiology of their injuries and their health needs are unique.

Sagittal craniosynostosis results in scaphocephaly from abnormal fusion of the sagittal suture. Traditionally, craniosynostosis presents at birth and is diagnosed within the first year of life. The authors report a patient with development of sagittal craniosynostosis after birth, which we term postnatal sagittal craniosynostosis. This is a rare occurrence in which management considerations are critical but are not well discussed. A 3-year-old boy presented with concerns of a metopic ridge. Workup revealed metopic ridging and an open sagittal suture. The patient later developed signs of increased intracranial pressure and repeat computed tomography scan 14 months later identified a newly fused sagittal suture. The patient underwent open posterior cranial vault expansion, resulting in resolution of symptoms. Postnatal sagittal craniosynostosis is a rare condition and should be considered in otherwise unexplained increases in increased intracranial pressure among pediatric patients. Open posterior cranial vau intracranial pressure among pediatric patients. Open posterior cranial vault expansion represents a safe and effective method to treat this condition.

Odontogenic myxofibroma is a benign odontogenic tumor of mesenchymal tissue that generally originates from the mandible. It is an extremely rare tumor accounting for approximately 2% of all odontogenic tumors. In this report, the authors presented a giant right mandibular mass that extends to the angle of the mandible and displacing the tongue laterally caused significant malocclusion, pain, and impaired oral intake. The tumoral involvement of the mandibula required a partial mandibulectomy with the resection of right mandibular ramus, body, and bilateral parasymphysis. Right mandibular condyle was preserved. The mandibular defect was reconstructed with a fibula free flap. Three-dimensional printed maxillofacial bone model of the patient was used as contour modeling and guide. Histopathologic examination confirmed the diagnosis as odontogenic myxofibroma.The purpose of the report is to present a very rare case of odontogenic myxofibroma and its general characteristics, radiological features, differential di present a very rare case of odontogenic myxofibroma and its general characteristics, radiological features, differential diagnosis, surgical management, and the use of three-dimensional printing technology in the field of mandibular reconstruction.

Medical advances have enabled zygomatic complex (ZMC) fractures to be treated by various approaches. This study aims to analyze the demographics and treatment outcomes of unilateral ZMC fractures, treated nonsurgically or surgically.

This 5-year nonrandomized prospective study had included 65 cases of unilateral ZMC fractures from October 2014 until December 2019. Patients were treated and divided into nonsurgical and surgically treated group. Treatment outcomes in terms of step deformities, malar depression, diplopia, infraorbital hypoaesthesia, and mouth opening were evaluated up to six months post-trauma/intervention.

Road traffic accident (96.9%) was the main cause, with predominant male involvement (80%) and median age of 28 years. Significant improvements (P < 0.05) were observed for step deformities and malar depression among the surgically treated group at postoperative day 1 and week 1. Throughout the six months review, infraorbital hypoesthesia and diplopia showed no significant differences between both groups, (P > 0.05). Besides, all patients showed significant mouth opening improvement (P < 0.05) over six months period.

The authors found that infraorbital hypoaesthesia and limited of mouth opening should not be the absolute indications for surgical treatment of ZMC fractures. Nonsurgical treatment that included early jaw exercise and symptomatic treatment had potential value for satisfactory functional gain.

The authors found that infraorbital hypoaesthesia and limited of mouth opening should not be the absolute indications for surgical treatment of ZMC fractures. Nonsurgical treatment that included early jaw exercise and symptomatic treatment had potential value for satisfactory functional gain.

Neurotrophic keratopathy is characterized by decreased corneal sensitivity, decreased reflex tearing, and poor corneal healing resulting in corneal injury. Without proper sensory innervation, the cornea undergoes continuous epithelial injury, ulceration, infection and eventually results in vision loss. In situations where patients have concomitant facial paralysis, such as after resection of a large vestibular schwannoma, the ocular health is further impaired by paralytic lagophthalmos with decreased eye closure and blink reflex, decreased tearing, and potential lower eyelid malposition. In patients with a dual nerve injury, the ocular surface is in significant danger, as there is increased environmental exposure in conjunction with the inability to sense damage when it occurs. Immediate recognition and care of the eye are critical for maintaining ocular health and preventing irreversible vision loss. The first modern corneal neurotization procedure was described in 2009. The ultimate goal in corneal neurotng concept in the treatment of neurotrophic/exposure keratitis and over the past decade multiple direct and indirect approaches have been described in the attempt to restore corneal sensation and to prevent the devastating outcomes of neurotrophic keratitis. Knowledge of these techniques, their advantages, and disadvantages is required for proper management of patients suffering from neurotrophic keratitis in the setting of facial paralysis.

With a following of over 825 million people, basketball currently ranks amongst the world's most popular sports. Despite a number of concussion awareness and player safety protocols that have been implemented at the professional level of organized play, a standardized, layperson-friendly algorithm for the acute management of basketball-related craniofacial injuries does not appear to presently exist.

This 10-year retrospective cohort study was conducted using the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System database to examine basketball-related craniofacial injuries from 2010 to 2019. Within the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System dataset, factors including patient age, gender, diagnosis, injury type, and injury location were included in our analysis.

Overall, 22,529 basketball-related craniofacial injuries occurred between 2010 and 2019 in players ages 5 to 49 years old. Adolescent (12-18-year-old) and young adult (19-34-year-old) age groups had the highest incidence of craniofacial injuries.