Collinspuckett6440

LLC.In mixed methods reviewing, data from quantitative and qualitative studies are combined at the review level. One possible way to combine findings of quantitative and qualitative studies is to quantitize qualitative findings prior to their incorporation in a quantitative review. There are only a few examples of the quantification of qualitative findings within this context. This study adds to current research on mixed methods review methodology by reporting the pilot implementation of a new four-step quantitizing approach. We report how we extract and quantitize the strength of relationships found in qualitative studies by assigning correlations to vague quantifiers in text fragments. This article describes (a) how the analysis is prepared; (b) how vague quantifiers in text fragments are organized and transformed to numerical values; (c) how qualitative studies as a whole are assigned effect sizes; and (d) how the overall mean effects size and variance can be calculated. The pilot implementation shows how findings from 26 primary qualitative studies are transformed into mean effect sizes and corresponding variances. © 2020 The Authors. Research Synthesis Methods published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.BACKGROUND The lateral nasal wall (LNW) flap provides vascularized endonasal reconstruction primarily in revision surgery. Although the harvesting technique and reconstructive surface have been reported, the arterial supply to the LNW flap and its clinical implications is not well defined. This study presents anatomical dissections to clarify the vascular supply to this flap, and the associated clinical outcomes from this reconstructive technique. METHODS The course and branching pattern of the sphenopalatine artery (SPA) to the LNW were studied in 6 vascular latex-injected heads (11 LNW flaps total). Patients undergoing an LNW flap since 2008 were identified and the underlying pathology, indication, flap viability, and clinical outcomes were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS The inferior turbinate artery arises from the LNW artery and divides into 2 branches at the most posterior aspect of the inferior turbinate bone. A smaller-caliber superficial branch travels anteriorly and branches to the LNW. A larger dominant branch travels into the inferior meatus and tangentially supplies the nasal floor. Twenty-four patients with sellar or posterior cranial fossa (PCF) defects were reconstructed with an LNW flap. Postoperative contrast enhancement of the LWN flap was identified in 95.5% of cases. Postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks were identified in 6 cases. CONCLUSION Blood supply to the nasal floor by the dominant inferior meatus branch is more robust than the supply to the anterior LNW by the superficial arterial branch. #link# The LNW flap is the preferred vascularized reconstructive option to the PCF and sella in the absence of a nasoseptal flap (NSF). © 2020 ARS-AAOA, LLC.BACKGROUND The 2016 International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology Rhinosinusitis (ICARRS) is a collaborative distillation of available research and consensus recommendations for the management for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). However, implementation of the ICARRS recommendations in the reality of clinical practice is not clearly defined. METHODS An anonymous, web-based survey of the American Rhinologic Society membership was performed in October, 2018. Respondents were asked about the frequency that they recommended the various treatments reviewed in ICARRS in the context of medical management for CRS. A 7-point Likert-type scale assessed the frequency of treatment patterns. RESULTS A total of 140 members completed the survey (response rate 11.9%). Seventy-two (51.4%) were in practice for 0 to 15 years, 61 (43.6%) completed a rhinology fellowship, and 73 (52.1%) worked in private practice. Disparate treatment patterns were reported for each of the therapies assessed for CRS, including those that were "recommended" or "recommended against" in ICARRS. Members with 100 sinus surgeries per year were more likely to use topical antibiotics. CONCLUSION The range of reported treatment patterns identified in this study despite the availability of the ICARRS recommendations may suggest the need for improved standardization of CRS management. © 2020 ARS-AAOA, LLC.OBJECTIVES To describe the use of a novel 'trizonal' biopsy schema in which 'near-target' biopsies are taken adjacent to the MRI lesion, in addition to target and systematic biopsies, to determine the accuracy of prostate MRI fusion systems. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS A trizonal biopsy technique was used to evaluate 75 men with small Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) 3-5 MRI lesions ( less then 15 mm) identified from a prospective cohort of 290 men undergoing multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for suspected prostate cancer at a single high-volume institution between September 2017 and May 2019. In addition to target and systematic biopsies, near-target biopsies were taken 4 mm from the apparent border of the MRI lesion. Comparisons were made between highest International Society of Urological Pathology grade and longest tumour length. RESULTS Fifty-three men with significant prostate cancer in the same quadrant as the target were included in the final analysis. The percentages of positive cores from target, near-target and MRI-negative zones were 66%, 39% and 17%, respectively. Significant cancer was detected in the near-target zone in 77% of cases when the target zone was positive. A total of 17% of participants were upgraded by a median (range) of 1 (1-3) grades through the addition of near-target cores. Notably, G418 mw of men were diagnosed with clinically significant prostate cancer solely via the near-target biopsy cores when the target cores were negative. CONCLUSION The use of near-target biopsies as part of a trizonal biopsy schema provides a novel methodology to optimize clinically significant prostate cancer detection. © 2020 The Authors BJU International © 2020 BJU International Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) is a TGF-β superfamily circulating factor that regulates cardiomyocyte size in rodents, sharing 90% amino acid sequence identity in the active domains with myostatin (GDF8)- the major determinant of skeletal muscle mass. Conflicting data on age-related changes in circulating levels have been reported mainly due to the lack of specific detection methods. More recently, liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based assay showed that the circulating levels of GDF11 do not change significantly throughout human lifespan, but GDF8 levels decrease with aging in men. Here we demonstrate a novel detection method based on parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) LC-MS/MS assay combined with immunoprecipitation to reliably distinguish GDF11 and GDF8 as well as determine their endogenous levels in mouse serum. Our data indicate that both GDF11 and GDF8 circulating levels significantly decline with aging in female mice. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.