Coblejamison8625
With the large-scale development of shale gas, oil-based drilling fluids are widely used, generating significant amounts of solid wastes from oil-based shale drilling cutting (OBSDC). These solid wastes are biologically toxic and are difficult to degrade. The current treatment methods do not meet the requirements for oily sludge. This study begins with pyrolysis of OBSDC in order to use it as an external admixture for preparing cement slurry for resource utilization. The research results showed that when the OBSDC content was increased to 35%, the mechanical properties of developed cement were favourable. Evaluating the cement sheath integrity showed that the OBSDC cement met the subsequent production requirements for a casing with an internal pressure of 50.01 MPa, applicable for cementing surface casings as well as technical casings. The active SiO2 and feldspar in OBSDC after pyrolysis promoted the hydration reaction of cement and accelerated the crystallization of C-S-H, which in turn complemented the cement mechanical properties. When OBSDC was in the proper dosage range, the particle gradation characteristics further optimized the pore structure of the cement matrix and increased the cement strength.The environmental degradation and physical aging of microplastics (MP) caused by oxidative stress have not been thoroughly elucidated. In this study, we used different oxidative agents (Fe2+-activated peroxymonosulfate and Fenton reagents) that can form free radicals to study the degradation mechanisms of nylon 6 (PA6) and polystyrene (PS) MPs. After 4 cycles of treatment, mass losses of 25.6% and 22.1% were obtained with PA6 and PS MPs, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were employed to confirm the MP oxidation, and polymer chain scissions. FTIR data indicated the existence of oxygen-containing chemical groups resulting from MPs oxidation, and chain scissions, such as CO, C-O, and O-CO. Raman spectroscopy suggested the presence of exposed aromatic groups, and weakening of the relative intensity of C-H related to the oxidation, and chain scission of the MPs. SEM imaging revealed visible morphological changes on the surface of MPs as a result of degradation. XPS indicated that the O/C ratio could be used as an indicator for the degree of MPs oxidation. By analyzing the degradation products with surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, low-molecular-weight alkanes, alcohols, aldehydes, carboxylic acids derived from the derivatization of alcohols, were detected. These findings confirmed the advantage of using multiple analytic methods in tandem to evaluate the degradation of environmental MPs.Few studies have investigated the relationships between gestational phthalate exposure and maternal circulating vitamin D. In the Ma'anshan birth cohort, 3265 pregnant women were included. Each woman provided up to three urine and serum samples for measurement of phthalates and 25(OH)D and calcium, respectively. Linear mixed models were performed to analyse the association between phthalate metabolites and 25(OH)D and calcium. Stratified analyses of the relationship between phthalates and 25(OH)D by urine collection season were conducted. Finally, the post hoc lag effect of phthalate exposure on 25(OH)D was determined if longitudinal associations were significant. Some phthalate metabolites were associated with increased 25(OH)D but with decreased calcium. Furthermore, the relationship of phthalate exposure with 25(OH)D varied with urine collection season. Phthalate metabolites collected in summer and autumn were associated with an increase in 25(OH)D, while monobenzyl phthalate collected in winter and spring was inversely associated with 25(OH)D. Finally, high-molecular-weight phthalates had lag associations with 25(OH)D with a 1-trimester lag period. Low-molecular-weight phthalates exhibited lag associations with 25(OH)D with a 2-trimester lag period. In conclusion, the positive cross-sectional correlation between phthalate metabolites and 25(OH)D was partly affected by urine collection season. This study suggested that gestational phthalate exposure would have a lag association with maternal 25(OH)D levels.3D printing construction techniques are believed to have potential sustainability benefits, including improved resource efficiency, increased construction productivity, and construction of complex geometries without supporting structures. 3D printable concrete materials, when introducing industrial wastes such as fly ash, silica fume, and slag, may also bring additional sustainability benefits. These advantages need to be verified quantitatively. This study investigated the environmental impact of 3D printable concrete materials using industrial wastes compared with the conventional ones via life cycle assessment (LCA). Two types of concrete materials applied in concrete casting or 3D printing were compared, that is, cement-based concrete and geopolymer concrete. The results indicate that using waste materials as cement replacement could bring environmental benefits; however, such environmental benefits might be diminished with increasing activator content in geopolymer concrete for 3D concrete printing. Based on the material-level LCA results, this study further conducted an LCA study at the component level, which investigated the life-cycle environmental impact of concrete components of different shapes constructed by Contour Crafting method. Results show that the potential environmental benefit of 3D concrete printing increases with the level of building complexity while decreases with the reuse times of formwork, which leads to the conclusion that 3D concrete printing method is more desirable for constructing non-repetitive freeform concrete structures.
To evaluate the ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR) after 2 accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) techniques (intraoperative electron radiation therapy [IOERT] and external beam APBI [EB-APBI]) in patients with early-stage breast cancer.
Between 2011 and 2016, women ≥60 years of age with breast carcinoma or Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS) of ≤30 mm and cN0 undergoing breast-conserving therapy were included in a 2-armed prospective multicenter cohort study. IOERT (1×23.3 Gy prescribed at the 100% isodose line) was applied in 1 hospital and EB-APBI (10×3.85 Gy daily) in 2 other hospitals. The primary endpoint was IBTR (all recurrences in the ipsilateral breast irrespective of localization) at 5 years after lumpectomy. A competing risk model was used to estimate the cumulative incidences of IBTR, which were compared using Fine and Gray's test. Secondary endpoints were locoregional recurrence rate, distant recurrence, disease-specific survival and overall survival. Univariate Cox regression modocoregional recurrence rates were unexpectedly high in patients treated with IOERT, and acceptable in patients treated with EB-APBI.
Ipsilateral breast tumor recurrences and locoregional recurrence rates were unexpectedly high in patients treated with IOERT, and acceptable in patients treated with EB-APBI.
To assess the quality, content, readability, and accountability of information about glaucoma found online.
Cross-sectional study.
Thirteen websites containing patient education materials for glaucoma were analyzed in this study.
An online Google search was conducted using the keyword "glaucoma." Thirteen medical website results were selected for analysis. Each website was assessed by 3 independent reviewers for suitability, readability, and accountability. Selleckchem dcemm1 The standardized Suitability Assessment of Materials (SAM) tool was used to evaluate the quality and content of information on each website. The Flesch Reading Ease (FRE) score, Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL), Coleman-Liau Index (CLI), Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG) index, Automated Readability Index (ARI), and Linsear Write Formula (LWF) score were used to assess the readability of the websites. The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) accountability benchmarks were used to evaluate each website's accountability.
These ind for patient education materials.
There is significant variation in the content and quality of freely available, online glaucoma education material. The material is generally either not suitable or only adequate for use. Most websites reviewed are written at a reading grade level higher than that recommended for patient education materials.The capacity of malaria parasites to respond to changes in their environment at the transcriptional level has been the subject of debate, but recent evidence has unambiguously demonstrated that Plasmodium spp. can produce adaptive transcriptional responses when exposed to some specific types of stress. These include metabolic conditions and febrile temperature. The Plasmodium falciparum protective response to thermal stress is similar to the response in other organisms, but it is regulated by a transcription factor evolutionarily unrelated to the conserved transcription factor that drives the heat shock (HS) response in most eukaryotes. Of the many genes that change expression during HS, only a subset constitutes an authentic response that contributes to parasite survival.
Cardiac catheter ablations are an established treatment for supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) involving prolonged cannulation of the common femoral vein with multiple catheters. This study aimed to identify the risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) by studying the frequency of this complication after catheter ablation.
This was a prospective multi-centre cohort study of patients undergoing cardiac ablation for atrioventricular nodal re-entry tachycardia or right-sided accessory atrioventricular connection. Those taking anticoagulation or antiplatelet therapy prior to the procedure were excluded. Following the procedure, bilateral venous duplex ultrasonography from the popliteal vein to the inferior vena cava for DVT was undertaken at 24 hours and between 10 to 14 days.
Eighty (80) patients (mean age 47.6 yrs [SD 13.4] with 67% female) underwent cardiac ablation (median duration 70 mins). Seven (7) patients developed acute DVT in either the femoral or external iliac vein of the intervention leg, giving a frequency of 8.8% (95% CI 3.6-17.2%). No thrombus was seen in the contralateral leg (p=0.023). An elevated D-dimer prior to the procedure was significantly more frequent in patients developing DVT (42.9% vs 4.1%, p=0.0081; OR 17.0). No other patient or procedural characteristics significantly influenced the risk of DVT.
In patients without peri-procedural anticoagulation catheter ablation precipitated DVT in the catheterised femoral or iliac veins in 8.8% of patients. Peri-procedure prophylactic anticoagulation may be considered for all patients undergoing catheter ablation for SVT.
https//clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03877770.
https//clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03877770.
Severe hypothermia can result in malignant arrhythmias or cardiac arrest and require invasive central rewarming modalities due to a core body temperature < 28 °C. Difficult rescue missions can make continuous CPR challenging, but the decrease in oxygen consumption at these low temperatures allows for successful recovery despite the delay. Although other active warming techniques, such as peritoneal lavage, intravascular warming catheter, and renal replacement therapy can be beneficial, the consensus statements recommend extracorporeal life support as the preferred rewarming method.
A 42-year-old female was found in a pond after presumed exposure for 30-40 min with an outside temperature of 17 °F (-8 °C) and was found to be in ventricular fibrillation. ACLS protocol was then initiated. At the hospital, she was intubated and sedated with continuous CPR during multimodal rewarming, including active internal via the ZOLL Icy catheter. One hour after rewarming, with core temperature above 29 °C, she was defibrillated and achieved ROSC.
