Coatesgates0022

The application and evaluation of highly efficient chromatographic techniques with tandem mass spectrometry for the detection and quantitation of 108 pesticides and metabolites, some considered persistent organic pollutants, was performed in muscle samples obtained from 25 birds of prey belonging to the families Accipitridae, Falconidae, and Strigidae presented dead in 2013 to Grupo de Rehabilitación de la Fauna Autóctona y su Hábitat, in Madrid, Spain. Pesticides with prohibited use were detected at high concentrations in the muscle samples analyzed. Based on its high sensitivity to detect pesticides in muscle, the described chromatographic techniques with tandem mass spectrometry should be considered an alternative testing methodology to those commonly used for routine application in ecotoxicological forensic research.Background Strategies that involve manipulations of the odour-orientation of gravid malaria vectors could lead to novel attract-and-kill interventions. Recent work has highlighted the potential involvement of graminoid plants in luring vectors to oviposition sites. This study aimed to analyse the association between water-indicating graminoid plants (Cyperaceae, sedges), other abiotic and biotic factors and the presence and abundance of early instar Anopheles larvae in aquatic habitats as a proxy indicator for oviposition. Methods A cross-sectional survey of 110 aquatic habitats along the shores of Lake Victoria was done during the rainy season. Habitats were sampled for mosquito larvae using the sweep-net method and habitat characteristics recorded. Results Anopheles arabiensis was the dominant species identified from aquatic habitats. Larvae of the secondary malaria vectors such as Anopheles coustani, An. rufipes and An. maculipalpis were found only in habitats covered with graminoids, whereas An. arabiensiuseful to screen for chemical volatiles released from all dominant plant species.The global pandemic secondary to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is leading to unprecedented global morbidity and mortality. With a bewildering array of complications, renal involvement in various forms is common, including serum electrolyte derangements. Hypokalaemia secondary to SARS-CoV-2 was common in a reported Chinese cohort. Here we review the emerging evidence on hypokalaemia and SARS-CoV-2 infection, the potential pathophysiological mechanisms based on early clinical and histopathological data and important clinical implications. Mechanisms of hypokalaemia are multifactorial and so the electrolyte disturbance can be difficult to avoid. We provide further support to the theory of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAS) activation, discuss the strengths and weaknesses of implicating RAS involvement and highlight the importance of calculating the transtubular potassium gradient to identify those at risk of hypokalaemia and its complications.Background Endophytic fungi are largely underexplored in the discovery of natural bioactive products though being rich sources of novel compounds with promising pharmaceutical potential. In this study, Taxus wallichiana, which has huge medicinal value, was investigated for its endophytic diversity and capability to produce bioactive secondary metabolites by analyzing antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties. Methods The endophytes were identified by ITS-PCR using genomic DNA samples. The secondary metabolites were extracted by solvent extraction method using ethyl acetate. The antioxidant activity was analyzed by Thin Layer Chromatography, Total Phenol Content (TPC), Total Flavonoid Content (TFC) and DPPH assay, and the antimicrobial activity was analyzed by agar-well diffusion method. PF-06700841 supplier Brine shrimp lethality assay was used to analyze the cytotoxicity of the fungal extracts. Results Out of 16 different Taxus trees sampled from different locations of Dhorpatan, 13 distinctive endophytic fungi were iss The crude fungal extracts obtained from endophytes A. alternata, C. cladosporioides and A. brassicae upon purification and further identification of the bioactive compounds can be a fascinating source for novel pharmaceutical agents.Background Burning biomass fuel is a major source of indoor air pollution; about 40% of Thai people still use biomass for cooking. There is increasing evidence of the association between biomass smoke exposure and serious health effects including cardiovascular disease. The object of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the association between biomass use for household cooking and cardiovascular outcome, including coronary heart disease, hypertension, high cholesterol, diabetes mellitus, and stroke among rural villagers in Phitsanulok, Thailand. Methods Data from 1078 households were collected using a face-to-face interview questionnaire. In each household, data on cardiovascular disease, cooking practices, and cooking fuel, types of fuel they normally used for cooking, were collected. Results After being adjusted for gender, age, cigarette smoke, secondhand smoke, and exposure to other sources of air pollution, it was found that the family members of cooks using biomass fuel were at risk of coronary heart disease (CHD; OR=4.35; 95%CI 0.10-18.97), hypertension (OR=1.61; 95%CI 1.10-2.35), high cholesterol (HC; OR=2.74; 95%CI 1.66-4.53), and diabetes (OR=1.88; 95%CI 1.03-3.46). Compared to LPG use, using wood was associated with stroke (OR=7.64; 95%CI 1.18-49.61), and using charcoal was associated with HC (OR=1.52; 95%CI 1.04-2.24). Compared to never user, household cooks who sometimes use charcoal had an increased risk of hypertension (OR=2.04; 95%CI 1.32-3.15), HC (OR=2.61; 95%CI 1.63-4.18), and diabetes (OR=2.09; 95%CI 1.17-3.73); and cooks who often use charcoal had an elevated risk of stroke (OR=3.17; 95%CI 1.04-9.71), and HC (OR=1.52; 95%CI 1.02-2.27) to their family members. Conclusions The study results were consistent with those found in studies from other parts of the world, and supports that exposure to biomass smoke increase cardiovascular diseases. The issue should receive more attention, and promotion of clean fuel use is a prominent action.

Multiple primary neoplasms (MPN) have a growing impact in the outcome of oncological patients given the rising incidence of these entities in daily practice. The early diagnosis of secondary tumors could translate into better survival of patients with MPN. The final objective of this study was the elaboration of a follow-up protocol for oncological patients at risk of developing multiple primary neoplasms.

Patients with MPN diagnosed and treated in the Oncology Institute "Prof.Dr.Ion Chiricuta" Cluj-Napoca (OICN) between 2008-2012 were included in this nonrandomized, retrospective study and the clinicopathological characteristics of these patients and the prognostic factors possibly involved in the occurrence of MPN were analyzed.

278 patients with MPN were included in this study. The median age at diagnosis was 60 years. The median interval between the diagnosis of the primary and secondary neoplasm was 30.98 months. Smoking and alcohol consumption were the most frequent environmental factors observed in patients with MPN. Patients diagnosed with breast cancers, head and neck cancers, colorectal cancer, prostate cancer, ovarian cancer or uterine body cancer were the patients with the highest risk of developing MPN.

This first follow-up protocol for oncological patients at risk of developing multiple primary neoplasms could be implemented in daily practice with further validation of the protocol.

This first follow-up protocol for oncological patients at risk of developing multiple primary neoplasms could be implemented in daily practice with further validation of the protocol.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the characteristics, diagnosis and treatment principles and prognosis of multiple primary cancers (MPC).

A total of 77 patients with MPC admitted in the Central Hospital of Changsha from December 2013 to December 2018 were enrolled in this retrospective analysis. The survival of these 77 patients with complete follow-up data was calculated.

There were 77 patients with multiple primary cancers, including 70 patients with double primary cancers, 6 patients with three primary cancers, and 1 patient with four primary cancers. Among the 77 MPC patients, there were 4 synchronous carcinomas (SC), 58 metachronous carcinomas (MC), and 15 unknown cases. The 3, 5, and 10-year overall survival rates of 77 patients with follow-up data were 86.5%, 18.2%, and 12.9%, respectively. The median survival time of 4 SC and 58 MC patients was 12 months and 108 months, respectively. The median survival time was 48.5 months in 23 patients with an interval of less than 5 years, and 108 months in 29 patients with first and second primary cancers whose interval was more than 5 years. The median survival time of 26 patients with second primary lung cancer was 84 months, and that of 23 patients with second primary non-lung cancer was 156 months.

MPCs are more likely to occur in the colorectum, and the prognosis of patients with metachronous cancer is better than that of patients with synchronous cancer. The longer the interval between two cancers, the better the prognosis will be. The prognosis of the second primary non-lung cancer patients is better than that of the lung cancer patients.

MPCs are more likely to occur in the colorectum, and the prognosis of patients with metachronous cancer is better than that of patients with synchronous cancer. The longer the interval between two cancers, the better the prognosis will be. The prognosis of the second primary non-lung cancer patients is better than that of the lung cancer patients.

This study aimed to explore the expression changes of microRNA (miR)-140-5p and miR-370 in nephroblastoma and its effect on the proliferative ability of nephroblastoma WT_CLS1 and SK-NEP-1 cells.

The expression levels of miR-140-5p and miR-370 was detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) in cancer tissues and normal adjacent tissues which were collected from 60 patients with nephroblastoma. Expression vectors of miR-140-5p and miR-370 were constructed, and transient transfection of human nephroblastoma cell lines WT_CLS1 and SK-NEP-1 was carried out in vitro. There were three groups of the two genes Blank cell group (blank group); Gene transfection group (miR-490-5p group, miR-370 group); and No-load transfection group (NLTF group). The proliferative ability of WT_CLS1 and SK-NEP-1 cells was detected by MTT assay.

The results of miR-140-5p and miR-370 detected by qRT-PCR showed that in cancer tissues the expression level of miR-140-5p was significantly lower than that in adjacent tissues, and the level of miR-370 was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). The proliferation of WT_CLS1 and SK-NEP-1 cells in miR-140-5p group was significantly lower than that in NLTF group (p<0.05), while the proliferation of WT_CLS1 and SK-NEP-1 cells in miR-370 group was significantly higher than that in NLTF group (p<0.05).

miR-140-5p is lowly expressed and miR-370 is highly expressed in nephroblastoma tissues; miR-370 can promote the proliferation of WT-CLS1 cells in nephroblastoma, and miR-140-5p can inhibit their proliferation and it may become a new target for the treatment of nephroblastoma in the future.

miR-140-5p is lowly expressed and miR-370 is highly expressed in nephroblastoma tissues; miR-370 can promote the proliferation of WT-CLS1 cells in nephroblastoma, and miR-140-5p can inhibit their proliferation and it may become a new target for the treatment of nephroblastoma in the future.