Clinerossen3635

BACKGROUND Motor coordination problems (MCP) in children can sometimes be diagnosed as developmental coordination disorder (DCD). Early intervention for DCD is necessary because it often continues into adolescence, causing mental and physical complications. Few studies have investigated the prevalence of childhood MCP in the Japanese population and examined the risk factors for MCP. Therefore, we investigated the prenatal factors associated with MCP in preschool-aged children. METHODS This study was based on a prospective cohort study, the Hokkaido Study on Environment and Children's Health. Mothers of 4,851 children who reached the age of 5 years within the study-period received questionnaires, including the Japanese version of the developmental coordination disorder questionnaire (DCDQ-J). We examined the risk factors associated with MCP using logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Of 3,402 returned DCDQ-J questionnaires, 3,369 were answered completely. From the 3,369 children, we categorized having MCP by using two cut-off scores that of the DCDQ'07 and the cut-off at the 5th percentile of a total DCDQ-J score. Comparing children with and without MCP, we found significant differences in the education level of the mothers, annual household income during pregnancy, maternal alcohol consumption and smoking during pregnancy, and sex and age of the children at the time of completing the DCDQ-J by both categorizations. Adjusted logistic regression analysis revealed that maternal smoking during the first trimester of pregnancy and male sex were significantly associated with MCP. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that maternal smoking during pregnancy is the main factor associated with MCP in preschool-aged children. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.We present a case of type B aortic dissection with a rare aortic arch branching variation whereby two separate brachiocephalic trunks arise from the arch. This case also highlights the potential implications of this variant in the management of thoracic aortic dissections and aneurysms. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.OBJECTIVES We evaluated the prognostic impact of MK on post-remission outcomes of AML patients receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in the first complete remission (CR1). METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 465 adult patients with AML who had received HSCT in the first CR between 2000 and 2016. RESULTS In MK+ AML, the median leukocyte count was significantly lower (P less then 0.001) and no NPM1 mutation was found (P=0.042). Multivariate analysis revealed that MK was the most powerful prognostic factors for OS (hazard ratio [HR], 2.6; P = 0.001), EFS (HR, 3.8; P less then 0.001), and cumulative incidence of relapse (HR, 6.1; P less then 0.001), compared to any other poor risk factors such as complex karyotype, FLT3-ITD mutations, old age, and higher leukocyte count. The adverse prognostic impact of MK tended to be more prominent in the younger age group ( less then 40 years) (HR, 6.3, P less then 0.001) than in the older age group (≥40 years) (HR, 3.4, P less then 0.001). CONCLUSION Novel treatment modalities for MK+ AML need to be investigated to reduce the risk of relapse after HSCT. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.OBJECTIVE The aim of this work was to investigate an alternative hair dyeing method with vegetable colorants as the tannins, as well as the impact of pre-treatment as the bleaching process. METHODS Untreated, 1, 2 and 3 times bleached hair tresses which were dyed with tannins in combination with metal salts were characterized. The wash fastness and the color-strength of the vegetable dyed hair tresses were spectrophotometrically investigated. RESULTS To determine the color strength KS and the wash fastness of vegetable dyed and pre-bleached hair tresses a three dimensional color-coordinate system - CIELab - which describes the visual spectra is used. The distance between two colors in the CIE Lab color space is expressed by ΔE-values, which are used to identify the wash fastness of the vegetable dye. GF109203X The hair tresses which had been 3 times pre-bleached showed the highest color-strength and the best wash fastness. The fixation of the tannin mordant complexes on the hair fibre proceeded effectively just when the hair tresses were bleached before the dying process. It is suggested that the sulfonic acid groups, which increase after bleaching hair, interact with the tannin mordant hair dye and lead to stronger crosslinks between keratinous fibres and tannin mordant complexes. It was observed that the color strength of the vegetable dyed tresses correlates with the bleaching process. CONCLUSION The presented results demonstrate that the fixation of the vegetable tannin mordant dying solution on the hair fibres succeed effectively on pre-bleached hair tresses. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.BACKGROUND The saphenous vein remains the most frequently used conduit for coronary artery bypass grafting, despite reported unsatisfactory long-term patency rates. Understanding the pathophysiology of vein graft failure and attempting to improve its longevity has been a significant area of research for more than three decades. This article aims to review the current understanding of the pathophysiology and potential new intervention strategies. METHODS A search of three databases MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, was undertaken for the terms "pathophysiology," "prevention," and "treatment" plus the term "vein graft failure." RESULTS Saphenous graft failure is commonly the consequence of four different pathophysiological mechanisms, early acute thrombosis, vascular inflammation, intimal hyperplasia, and late accelerated atherosclerosis. Different methods have been proposed to inhibit or attenuate these pathological processes including modified surgical technique, topical pretreatment, external graft support, and postoperative pharmacological interventions. Once graft failure occurs, the available treatments are either surgical reintervention, angioplasty, or conservative medical management reserved for patients not eligible for either procedure. CONCLUSION Despite the extensive amount of research performed, the pathophysiology of saphenous vein graft is still not completely understood. Surgical and pharmacological interventions have improved early patency and different strategies for prevention seem to offer some hope in improving long-term patency. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Cardiac Surgery published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.