Churchillmorrow8425
Further, we define the notion of agent safety, a vital consideration for physical systems, in the context of our problem. Under certain assumptions, we provide guarantees on the safety of an agent exploring with our algorithm that exploits local side information. We illustrate agent safety and the improvement in learning speed using numerical experiments in the setting of a Mars rover, with data from onboard sensors acting as the local side information.CodaLab is an open-source web-based platform for collaborative computational research. Although CodaLab has gained popularity in the research community, its interface has limited support for creating reusable tools that can be easily applied to new datasets and composed into pipelines. In clinical domain, natural language processing (NLP) on medical notes generally involves multiple steps, like tokenization, named entity recognition, etc. Since these steps require different tools which are usually scattered in different publications, it is not easy for researchers to use them to process their own datasets. In this paper, we present BENTO, a workflow management platform with a graphic user interface (GUI) that is built on top of CodaLab, to facilitate the process of building clinical NLP pipelines. BENTO comes with a number of clinical NLP tools that have been pre-trained using medical notes and expert annotations and can be readily used for various clinical NLP tasks. It also allows researchers and developers to create their custom tools (e.g., pre-trained NLP models) and use them in a controlled and reproducible way. In addition, the GUI interface enables researchers with limited computer background to compose tools into NLP pipelines and then apply the pipelines on their own datasets in a "what you see is what you get" (WYSIWYG) way. Although BENTO is designed for clinical NLP applications, the underlying architecture is flexible to be tailored to any other domains.Intra-species genetic variability assessment is an effective tool in formulating genetic improvement and germplasm conservation strategies. Houttuynia cordata Thunb. is a semidomesticated medicinal herb consumed widely in traditional diet in North-Eastern India. In the present study, an effort has been made to assess the genetic diversity of H. cordata Thunb. from Brahmaputra valley of North-East India. A total of 545 genotypes from 18 populations of H. cordata Thunb. from four different regions, i.e. North-East, North-West, South-East and South-West, with respect to river Brahmaputra were collected and population genetic diversity and structure were analysed using ISSR molecular markers. Population genetic structure analysis using unweighted pair group method with averages (UPGMA)-based hierarchical cluster analysis, principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) and model-based clustering in STRUCTURE program revealed that the population of H. cordata Thunb. grouped according to regional distribution and forms four genetically distinct clusters. The analysis of molecular variance showed that differentiation among regions was significant with 60% genetic variation among region, 3% genetic variation among population within region and 37% genetic variation within population. We found wide variation in Nei's gene diversity (Hj) ranging from 0.07782 in Margherita population to 0.13634 in Barapani population. Furthermore, Nei's gene diversity within population (Nei's Hs) and total gene diversity (Ht) were found to be 0.1081 and 0.1769 respectively. The genetic differentiation among 18 population was high (Fst = 0.3894; p
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11105-020-01260-9.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11105-020-01260-9.
The COVID-19 lockdown has not only helped in combating the community transmission of SARS-CoV-2 but also improved air quality in a very emphatic manner in most of the countries. In India, the first phase of COVID-19 lockdown came into force on March 25, 2020, which was later continued in the next phases. The purpose of this study was to investigate the result of lockdown on air quality of major metropolitan cities-Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Bengaluru, Hyderabad, Jaipur, and Lucknow-from March 25 to May 3, 2020. For this study, the concentration of six criteria air pollutants (PM
, PM
, CO, NO
, SO
, and O
) and air quality index during the COVID-19 lockdown period was compared with the same period of the previous year 2019. The results indicate a substantial improvement in air quality with a drastic decrease in the concentration of PM
, PM
, CO, and NO
, while there is a moderate reduction in SO
and O
concentration. During the lockdown period, the maximum reduction in the concentration of PM
, PM
, CO, NO
, SO
, and O
was observed to be -49% (Lucknow), -57% (Delhi), -75% (Mumbai), -68% (Kolkata), -48% (Mumbai), and -29% (Hyderabad), respectively. Selleck MKI-1 The value of the air quality index (AQI) also dwindled significantly during the COVID-19 lockdown period. The maximum decline in AQI was observed -52% in Bengaluru and Lucknow. The order of AQI was satisfactory > moderate > good > poor and the frequency order of prominent pollutants was O
> PM
> PM
> CO > NO
> SO
during the lockdown period in all the aforementioned metropolitan cities.
To identify novel adenosine receptor (AR) ligands based on the chalcone scaffold, herein the synthesis, characterization and in vitro and in silico evaluation of 33 chalcones (
-
and
-
) and structurally related compounds (
-
) are reported. These compounds were characterized by radioligand binding and GTP shift assays to determine the degree and type of binding affinity, respectively, against rat (
) A
and A
ARs. The chalcone derivatives
,
,
and
possessed selective A
affinity below 10µM, and thus, are the most active compounds of the present series; compound
was the most potent selective A
AR antagonist (
(
) = 1.6µM). The structure-affinity relationships (SAR) revealed that the NH
-group at position C3 of ring A of the chalcone scaffold played a key role in affinity, and also, the Br-atom at position C3' on benzylidene ring B. Upon in vitro and in silico evaluation, the novel C3 amino-substituted chalcone derivative
-that contains an α,ß-unsaturated carbonyl system and easily allows structural modification-may possibly be a synthon in future drug discovery.
