Christophersenjoyner5867

Brain tumors are a deadly disease with a high mortality rate. Early diagnosis of brain tumors improves treatment, which results in a better survival rate for patients. Artificial intelligence (AI) has recently emerged as an assistive technology for the early diagnosis of tumors, and AI is the primary focus of researchers in the diagnosis of brain tumors. This study provides an overview of recent research on the diagnosis of brain tumors using federated and deep learning methods. The primary objective is to explore the performance of deep and federated learning methods and evaluate their accuracy in the diagnosis process. A systematic literature review is provided, discussing the open issues and challenges, which are likely to guide future researchers working in the field of brain tumor diagnosis.This article aims to describe the conjoint analysis (CA) method and its application in healthcare settings, and to provide researchers with a brief guide to conduct a conjoint study. CA is a method for eliciting patients' preferences that offers choices similar to those in the real world and allows researchers to quantify these preferences. To identify literature related to conjoint analysis, a comprehensive search of PubMed (MEDLINE), EMBASE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar was conducted without language or date restrictions. To identify the trend of publications and citations in conjoint analysis, an online search of all databases indexed in the Web of Science Core Collection was conducted on the 8th of December 2021 without time restriction. Searching key terms covered a wide range of synonyms related to conjoint analysis. The search field was limited to the title, and no language or date limitations were applied. The number of published documents related to CA was nearly 900 during the year 2021 and the total number of citations for CA documents was approximately 20,000 citations, which certainly shows that the popularity of CA is increasing, especially in the healthcare sciences services discipline, which is in the top five fields publishing CA documents. However, there are some limitations regarding the appropriate sample size, quality assessment tool, and external validity of CA.The increased cardiometabolic risk observed in breast cancer survivors (BCS) is due to multiple mechanisms Hormonal and immunological dysfunction are well-identified ones, while cardiac autonomic regulation (CAR) is less recognized but may play a new complementary role particularly relevant when considering conditions and behaviors associated with a better prognosis in BCS, such as physical training. This observational study investigated a group of consecutive (172) BCS subdivided in two groups those who reached the physical activity goals above 600 (MET·min/week) and those who did not. We assessed CAR by autoregressive spectral analysis of cardiovascular variabilities (considering in particular the unitary autonomic nervous system index-ANSI), body mass composition, stress perception and lifestyle in order to verify possible differences due to execution of physical activity. Subjects who spontaneously met physical activity recommendations presented a better autonomic, metabolic and psychological profile compared to those who did not. Lower physical activity volume, poor metabolic parameters, increased stress and fatigue perception may cluster together, leading to worsened CAR. This control mechanism may play a complementary role in determining the increased cardiometabolic risk observed in BCS. Furthermore, it may also explain, albeit in part, the better prognosis observed in patients following interventions aiming to improve the sympathetic-parasympathetic balance, such as physical training, using a personalized medicine approach.We aimed to determine the timing of neodymiumyttrium-aluminum-garnet (NdYAG) laser capsulotomy on corrected-distance visual acuity (CDVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), and spherical equivalent (SE) in patients with posterior capsular opacification (PCO). There were 59 patients with unilateral PCO and a history of NdYAG laser capsulotomy enrolled and further divided into the early NdYAG group (timing 12 months, n = 34) depending on the elapsed months from phacoemulsification to NdYAG laser capsulotomy. The primary outcomes were CDVA, IOP, and SE before (immediately before NdYAG laser capsulotomy) and after (weeks one and four after the laser treatment). The independent t test was applied to analyze the difference in CDVA, IOP, and SE between the two groups, while the generalized estimating equation with Bonferroni adjustment was conducted to evaluate the effect of all the parameters on the change in SE with adjusted odds ratio (aOR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). The CDVA showed significant improvement in both the early NdYAG group (p = 0.005) and the late NdYAG group (p = 0.001), and hyperopic change occurred in both the early NdYAG group (p = 0.003) and the late NdYAG group (p = 0.017). The early NdYAG group revealed more significant hyperopic change compared with the late NdYAG group four weeks after NdYAG treatment (p less then 0.001), which was still significant after multivariable analysis (aOR 0.899, 95% CI 0.868-0.930, p = 0.011). In addition, a deeper ACD (aOR 0.764, 95% CI 0.671-0.869, p = 0.019) was significantly correlated with hyperopic change. In conclusion, NdYAG laser capsulotomy performed within one year after cataract surgery may lead to significant hyperopic change, in which the ACD alteration affects the hyperopic shift significantly.Sodium-glucose transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are new glucose-lowering agents that have been proven to be beneficial for patients with cardiovascular diseases, heart failure, and sudden cardiac death. However, the possible protective effects of cardiac arrhythmia have not yet been clarified in clinical practice. In this study, we attempted to demonstrate the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on cardiac arrhythmia by medical records from a single center. This retrospective study included patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and controlled hypertension who prescribed the indicated glucose-lowering agents based on medical records from 2016 to 2019 from Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital. These patients were divided into two groups. Group one patients were defined as patients with SGLT2 inhibitor therapy, and group two patients were defined as patients without SGLT2 inhibitor therapy. Baseline characteristics were collected from medical records. Univariate, multivariate, and match-paired statistic significantly lower risk of stroke (HR 0.48, 95% CI 0.33-0.7; p less then 0.001), heart failure (HR 0.54, 95% CI 0.41-0.7, p less then 0.001), and myocardial infarction (HR 0.47, 95% CI 0.31-0.72, p less then 0.001). A time-to-event analysis showed that treatment of type 2 DM patients with SGLT2 inhibitors could reduce the probability of total cardiac arrhythmia and related cardiovascular disease, such as atrial fibrillation, stroke, heart failure, or myocardial infarction, by 0.5%~0.8%. This databank analysis showed that SGLT2 inhibitor therapy reduced the incidence of total cardiac arrhythmia and atrial fibrillation in type 2 DM patients and decreased the incidence of related cardiovascular diseases, such as stroke, heart failure, and myocardial infarction. However, additional investigations are needed to confirm this hypothesis.The process of clinical pharmacogenetics implementation depends on patients' and general population's perceptions. To date, no study has been published addressing Spanish patients' opinions on pharmacogenetic testing, the availability of the results, and the need for signing informed consent. In this work, we contacted 146 patients that had been previously genotyped at our laboratory and 46 healthy volunteers that had participated in a bioequivalence clinical trial at the Clinical Pharmacology Department of Hospital Universitario de La Princesa and consented to pharmacogenetic testing for research purposes. MK2206 From the latter, 108 and 34, respectively, responded to the questionnaire (i.e., a response rate of 74%); Participants were scheduled for a face-to-face, telephone, or videoconference interview and were asked a total of 27 questions in Spanish. Great or almost complete acceptance of pharmacogenetic testing was observed (99.3%), age and university education level being the main predictors of acceptance rate, although most patients (68.3%) agreed with universal population testing, some were reluctant, probably due to the related costs and sustainability of the Spanish Health System. This was especially evident in the group of patients who were older and with a likely higher proportion of pensioners.The detection of lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] in the artery wall at the stage of lipid-bands formation may indicate that it participates in the atherosclerosis local nonspecific inflammatory process. Innate immune cells are involved in atherogenesis, with monocytes playing a major role in the initiation of atherosclerosis, while neutrophils can contribute to plaque destabilization. This work studies the relationship between Lp(a), immune blood cells and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with the early manifestation of coronary heart disease (CHD). The study included 200 patients with chronic CHD, manifested up to the age of 55 in men and 60 in women. An increased Lp(a) concentration [hyperLp(a)] was shown to predict cardiovascular events in patients with premature CHD with long-term follow-up. According to the logistic regression analysis results, an increase in the monocyte count with OR = 4.58 (95% CI 1.04-20.06) or lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio with OR = 0.82 (0.68-0.99), (p less then 0.05 uture cardiovascular events.The serotonergic system is important in Parkinson's disease (PD) pathogenesis as it can take over dopamine production after a large portion of dopaminergic neurons is lost through neurodegeneration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of genetic variability of serotonergic genes on the occurrence of motor complications and psychiatric adverse events (AE) due to dopaminergic treatment. We enrolled 231 patients and their clinical data were collected. Genotyping was performed for eight genetic variants. Logistic regression was used for analysis. Carriers of the HTR1A rs6295 GC genotype (OR = 2.58; 95% CI = 1.15-5.78; p = 0.021), TPH2 rs4290270 AA genotype (OR = 2.78; 95% CI = 1.08-7.03; p = 0.034), and at least one TPH2 rs4570625 T allele (OR = 1.86; 95% CI = 1.00-3.44; p = 0.047) had increased risk for visual hallucinations (VH). Additionally, carriers of at least one SLC6A45-HTTPLR rs25531 S (OR = 0.52; 95% CI = 0.28-0.96; p = 0.037) or at least one LG allele (OR = 0.37; 95% CI = 0.14-0.97; p = 0.044) had a decreased chance for VH. Constructed haplotypes of the TPH2 showed increased risk for VH (OR = 1.94; 95% CI = 1.06-3.55; p = 0.032) and impulse control disorders (OR = 5.20; 95% CI = 1.86-14.50; p = 0.002). Finally, individual gene-gene interactions showed decreased odds for the development of motor AE. Our findings suggest that the serotonergic pathway may play an important role in the development of AE resulting from dopaminergic treatment.