Christoffersenvinson2151

The vessel density in the temporal sector of the exfoliative glaucoma group was significantly lower than in the primary open-angle glaucoma group at all time points. (Mann-Whitney U test; 0900, P= .015; 1100, P= .002; 1400, P= .040; and 1600, P= .048, respectively). The test-retest repeatability was high and almost excellent for the parafoveal and peripapillary regions in each group (XFG range 0.757 - 0.985, POAG range 0.834 - 0.985, and control range 0.708 - 0.983). Conclusions It may be important to estimate the diurnal fluctuation occurring in retinal haemodynamics in patients with exfoliative glaucoma and primary open-angle glaucoma despite the lack of any considerable variation in intraocular pressure and retinal vessel density values in one day. The study found that at any point of time, vessel density of radial peripapillary capillary in temporal region was lower in exfoliative glaucoma patients than in primary open-angle glaucoma patients having the same glaucoma severity.Social information processing (SIP) theory suggests that attributions play a central role in influencing behavior in the course of social-relational exchanges. Within the SIP framework, social context has been shown to impact how social events are perceived. As a key feature of social context, culture likely plays a central role in shaping attributional processing. This study examined differences in hostile attributional patterns in three cultures with varying levels of collectivism, individualism, and power distance Poland, United States, and Japan (N = 707). We used the Ambiguous Intentions and Hostility Questionnaire (AIHQ) to compare attributional patterns across cultures. This measure uses five distinct vignettes to assess attributional responding within a range of interpersonal contexts. We examined whether the five-factor structure of the AIHQ maintained across these three cultures. Additionally, we investigated whether variations in attributional patterns occurred cross culturally in response to these ambivalent situations involving varying types of social relationships. Results confirmed acceptable patterns of measurement invariance across American, Japanese, and Polish samples and indicated that specific social-relational features in the vignettes significantly influenced attributional responding.Aim Maresin-1 is a metabolite of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) that has potential anti-inflammatory effects. To explore whether maresin-1 changes and has a therapeutic effect in osteoarthritis (OA) model rats undergoing treadmill exercise, we examined endogenous maresin-1 in a single-session treadmill experiment and OA model rats were treated with maresin-1, moreover, we examined the effects of maresin-1 on IL-1β induced rat fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) and possible mechanisms. Methods In single-session treadmill experiment, 48 rats were randomly divided into 3 groups and performed three different intensities of exercise (15.2 m/min, 0°; 19.3 m/min, 5°; 26.8 m/min, 10°) for 60 min. Intra-articular lavage fluid (IALF) samples were harvested after 0, 2, and 4 h from each group (n = 4) and maresin-1 levels were evaluated by ELISA. Another 30 rats were treated with monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) to induce osteoarthritis and exogenous maresin-1 (MaR-1) and were divided into three groups (n = 10, OA MIA, OAM MIA+ect of maresin-1 both in vivo and in vitro.Background and objectives Coping and resilience, how we deal with problems and difficulties and recover from misfortune or change, are two well-known interrelated concepts within psychology. The question remains, however, to what extent the two overlap or differ. Design The present study investigated coping, resilience and their relationship using cross-sectional network analysis. Participants (N = 502), aged between 18 and 64 y old, completed an online survey including the Brief-COPE (Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced) and the SPF-24 (Scale of Protective Factors). Results Partial correlation networks on coping and resilience separately show strong, mostly positive associations, both within and between different cluster of coping and different higher-order resilience factors. Results for our combined partial correlation network indicate that coping and resilience are distinct, yet clearly related constructs and are likely to influence each other. Overall, the use of social support, active coping, goal efficacy and planning proved important in bridging coping and resilience. Conclusion The current findings are best replicated using time-series data, person-specific network models and clinical samples. Further implications for future research and clinical practice are discussed.Background Oral cavity carcinomas individually are the fifth-leading cause of overall cancer mortality in the Northern Mariana Islands, which is likely a representative statistic for many other betel-nut-endemic Pacific islands. Factors associated with survival have been minimally evaluated in this region. The purpose of this study is to further characterize oral cavity carcinoma outcomes and associated prognostic factors in the United States commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI). Methods A single-institution retrospective review was undertaken for 81 patients diagnosed with head and neck cancers at the CNMI's only regional hospital complex from 2005 to 2019. A subset of patients diagnosed with oral cavity carcinoma was further evaluated for survival outcomes. Cox proportional hazard regressions were performed to evaluate for variables associated with survival. Results A majority of patients had cancer of the oral cavity (64/81, 79%). Fifty-five of these patients had sufficient data for review. The average age at the time of diagnosis was 48 and over half were diagnosed with stage IV disease (29/55, 53%). Five-year overall survival (OS) was 49.5% (95% CI, 33.3-63.7%). Factors associated with worse OS were lymph node metastases at presentation (P = .031), higher overall stage (III or IV vs I or II, P = .016), and higher T-stage (III or IV vs I or II, P = .027). Those who used betel nut were diagnosed at a significantly younger age than those who did not (47.2 vs 55.4, P = .001). Conclusions The head and neck cancer burden in the CNMI is dominated by betel nut related oral cavity disease that is characterized by delayed presentations in younger patients and decreased OS. Future studies are indicated to improve health literacy as well as to investigate the potential for screening programs.Background The anterocentral portal is not a standard portal in anterior ankle arthroscopy due to its proximity to the anterior neurovascular bundle. However, it provides certain advantages, including a wide field of vision, and portal changes become redundant. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the neurovascular complications after anterior ankle arthroscopy using the anterocentral portal. Methods We retrospectively identified patients who had undergone anterior ankle arthroscopy with an anterocentral portal at our institution from 2013 to 2018. Medical record data were reviewed and patients were invited for clinical follow-up, where a clinical examination, quantitative sensory testing for the deep peroneal nerve, and ultrasonography of the structures at risk were performed. A total of 101 patients (105 arthroscopies) were identified and evaluated at a mean follow-up of 31.5 ± 17.7 months. Results Leading indications to surgery were heterogeneous and included anterior impingement (48.6%), osteochondranterocentral portal in ankle arthroscopy is safe with a low number of neurovascular injuries and can be recommended as a standard portal. The anterolateral portal remains associated with a high number of injuries to the superficial peroneal nerve. Level of evidence Level III, retrospective cohort study.ackground This study meta-analyzed the literature on possible association of three polymorphisms (-592, -1082, -819) in the interleukin-10 (IL-10) gene with susceptibility to HIV-1 infection. Methods PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE and Google Scholar were systematically searched to identify relevant studies in English. Meta-analyses were performed to examine the association of IL-10 polymorphisms -592, -1082, and -819 with susceptibility to HIV-1 infection. Results A significant association between the -592 polymorphism and susceptibility to HIV-1 infection was found in the total population (recessive model, OR = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.06-1.96, P = 0.02; homozygous model, OR = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.02-2.02, P = 0.04). However, these results were not observed in subgroups based on ethnicity. The -1082 polymorphism was significantly associated with susceptibility to HIV-1 infection in Caucasians (OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.05-1.62, P = 0.02; recessive model, OR = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.09-2.03, P = 0.01; homozygous model, OR = 1.58, 95% CI = 1.01-2.46, P = 0.04), but not in Asians or the total population. None of the five genetic models suggested a significant association between the -819 polymorphism and HIV-1 infection. Conclusion The available evidence indicates that the AA genotype of IL-10 -592 may confer increased susceptibility to HIV-1 infection, and that the AA genotype of -1082 may confer increased susceptibility in Caucasians. In contrast, the -819 polymorphism may not be associated with HIV-1 infection risk. These conclusions should be verified in large, well-designed studies.A do-not-resuscitate (DNR) order is an important end-of-life decision. In Taiwan, family caregivers are also involved in this decision-making process. This study aimed to explore the concerns and experiences regarding DNR decisions among caregivers in Taiwan. Qualitative study was conducted. see more Convenience sampling was used, and 26 caregivers were recruited whose patients had a DNR order and had received hospice care or hospice home care. Semi-structured interviews were used for data collection, including the previous experiences of DNR discussions with the patients and medical staff and their concerns and difficulties in decision-making. The data analysis was based on the principle of thematic analysis. Four themes were identified (1) Patients The caregivers respected the patients' willingness and did not want to make them feel like "giving up." (2) Caregivers' self They did not want to intensify the patients' suffering but sometimes found it emotionally difficult to accept death. (3) Other family members They were concerned about the other family members' opinions on DNR orders, their blame, and their views on filial impiety. (4) Medical staff The information and suggestions from the medical staff were foundational to their decision-making. The caregivers needed the health care professionals' supports to deal with the concerns from patients and other family members as well as their emotional reactions.Background Controlling postprandial blood glucose without the benefit of an appropriately sized premeal insulin bolus has been challenging given the delays in absorption and action of subcutaneously injected insulin during conventional and artificial pancreas (AP) system diabetes treatment. We aim to understand the impact of accelerating insulin and increasing aggressiveness of the AP controller as potential solutions to address the postprandial hyperglycemia challenge posed by unannounced meals through a simulation study. Methods Accelerated rapid-acting insulin analogue is modeled within the UVA/Padova simulation platform by uniformly reducing its pharmacokinetic time constants (α multiplier) and used with a model predictive control, where the controller's aggressiveness depends on α. Two sets of single-meal simulations were performed (1) where we only tune the controller's aggressiveness and (2) where we also accelerate insulin absorption and action to assess postprandial glycemic control during each intervention.