Chaneyhanley1943

Introduction Human coronaviruses (HCoVs) circulate endemically in human populations, often with seasonal variation. We describe the long-term patterns of paediatric disease associated with three of these viruses, HCoV-NL63, OC43 and 229E, in coastal Kenya. Methods Continuous surveillance of pneumonia admissions was conducted at the Kilifi county hospital (KCH) located in the northern coastal region of Kenya. Children aged less then 5 years admitted to KCH with clinically defined syndromic severe or very severe pneumonia were recruited. Respiratory samples were taken and tested for 15 virus targets, using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Unadjusted odds ratios were used to estimate the association between demographic and clinical characteristics and HCoV positivity. Results From 2007 to 2019, we observed 11,445 pneumonia admissions, of which 314 (3.9%) tested positive for at least one of the HCoV types surveyed in the study. There were 129 (41.1%) OC43, 99 (31.5%) 229E, 74 (23.6%) NL63 positive cases and 12 (3.8%) cases of HCoV to HCoV coinfection. Among HCoV positive cases, 47% (n=147) were coinfected with other respiratory virus pathogens. The majority of HCoV cases were among children aged less then 1 year (66%, n=208), though there was was no change in the proportion infected by age. HCoV-OC43 was predominant of the three HCoV types throughout the surveillance period. SHR-3162 Evidence for seasonality was not identified. Conclusions Overall, 4% of paediatric pneumonia admissions were associated with three endemic HCoVs, with a high proportion of cases co-occurring with another respiratory virus, no clear seasonal pattern, and with the age-distribution of cases following that of pneumonia admissions (i.e. highest in infants). These observations suggest, at most, a small severe disease contribution of endemic HCoVs in this tropical setting and offer insight into their potential future burden and epidemiological characteristics.Background Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) is a neurological autoimmune disease that can lead to respiratory failure and death. Whether COVID-19 patients are at high risk of GBS is unknown. Through a systematic review of case reports, we aimed to summarize the main features of patients with GBS and COVID-19. Methods Without any restrictions, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, Global Health, Scopus, Web of Science and MedXriv (April 23 rd, 2020). link2 Two reviewers screened and studied titles, abstracts and reports. We extracted information to characterize sociodemographic variables, clinical presentation, laboratory results, treatments and outcomes. Results Eight reports (n=12 patients) of GBS and COVID-19 were identified; one was a Miller Fisher case. The age ranged between 23 and 77 years, and there were more men (9/102). GBS symptoms started between 5 and 24 days after those of COVID-19. The protein levels in cerebrospinal fluid samples ranged between 40 and 193 mg/dl. None of the cerebrospinal fluid samples tested positive for COVID-19. Six patients debuted with ascendant weakness and three with facial weakness. Five patients had favourable evolution, four remained with relevant symptoms or required critical care and one died; the Miller Fisher case had successful resolution. Conclusions GBS is emerging as a disease that may appear in COVID-19 patients. Although limited, preliminary evidence appears to suggest that GBS occurs after COVID-19 onset. Practitioners and investigators should have GBS in mind as they look after COVID-19 patients and conduct research on novel aspects of COVID-19. Comparison with GBS patients in the context of another viral outbreak (Zika), revealed similarities and differences that deserves further scrutiny and epidemiological studies.Introduction. link3 Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a worrying and confusing problem for both patients and medical professionals. It is often difficult for non-specialists to understand how different antibiotics are related to one another. Here, I use experimental data from hundreds of thousands of clinical isolates to infer relationships between antibiotics and represent them with simple diagrams. Methods. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of a bacterial isolate for a given antibiotic is defined as the lowest concentration that prevents visible growth. Measuring MICs for multiple antibiotics using the same isolate implicitly records the relationships of the antibiotics for a given species. The basic principle is that antibiotics with similar mechanisms of action should give rise to similar mechanisms of resistance, so should have correlated MICs across large numbers of isolates. This information can then be used to calculate distances between antibiotics based on pairwise correlations of their rank-ordered MICs. I apply this approach to a large historical AMR surveillance dataset (the Pfizer ATLAS surveillance dataset, 2004-2017). Results. I demonstrate that clustering antibiotics in this way allows a simple visual comparison of how similar antibiotics are to each other based on their efficacy within a species. The resulting visualizations broadly recapitulate antibiotic classes. They also clearly show the dramatic effects of combining beta-lactam antibiotics with beta-lactamase inhibitors, as well as highlighting antibiotics which have unexpected correlations in MICs that are not predicted from their chemical similarities alone. Conclusion. Large AMR surveillance datasets can be used in a hypothesis-free manner to show relationships between antibiotics based on their real-world efficacy.

Upon receiving a cancer diagnosis, life irrevocably changes and complex experiences of emotional distress often occur. There is a growing interest in mindfulness-based arts interventions (MBAIs) to ameliorate the distress many patients experience. Our review objective was to synthesize the evidence on the effectiveness of MBAIs on psychological wellbeing and fatigue.

Relevant quantitative articles were identified through a systematic search of the grey literature and online databases including MEDLINE, CINAHL, Cochrane CENTRAL, Art Full Text, ART bibliographies Modern, PsycINFO, Scopus, and EMBASE. Two independent reviewers screened titles/abstracts against predetermined inclusion criteria, read full-text articles for eligibility, conducted quality appraisals of included articles, and extracted pertinent data with a standardized data extraction form. The heterogeneity of the included studies precluded a meta-analysis and a narrative synthesis of study outcomes was conducted.

Our systematic search retrieved 4241 titles/abstracts, and 13 studies met our inclusion criteria (eight randomized controlled trials and five quasi-experiments). Most of the studies focused on patients with cancer (92.3%). There is a growing interest in MBAIs over time and significant heterogeneity in the types of interventions. A significant effect was found on several outcomes that are important in psychosocial oncology quality of life, psychological state, spiritual wellbeing, and mindfulness. The effect on fatigue was equivocal.

This novel intervention demonstrates promise for the psychosocial care of patients with cancer. These findings are an essential antecedent to the continued implementation, development, and evaluation of MBAIs in oncology.

This novel intervention demonstrates promise for the psychosocial care of patients with cancer. These findings are an essential antecedent to the continued implementation, development, and evaluation of MBAIs in oncology.

 To assess morphological and hemodynamic characteristics of peripheral vascular malformations on 3 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) including qualitative comparison of two fat-saturated sequences short tau inversion recovery (STIR) and three-dimensional high-resolution volume interpolated gradient recalled echo (GRE).

 During 9 months, 100 patients with suspected or known vascular malformations were prospectively assessed on a 3 T scanner using T2-weighted STIR and turbo spin echo (TSE), T1-weighted TSE, time-resolved contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) with interleaved stochastic trajectories (TWIST) and T1-weighted volume interpolated breath-hold examination (VIBE) after contrast enhancement. The analysis included signal behavior and morphologic and hemodynamic characteristics. Additionally, the image quality of the fat-saturated sequences was evaluated by 2radiologists.

 86 patients (14 dropouts; 57 female, 29 male; mean age 26.8 years, age range 1-56) were analyzed. 22 had high-polated Gradient Recalled Echo. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2021; 193 446 - 458.

 To determine the therapeutic efficiency of percutaneous revascularization in renal artery stenosis (RAS), as well as the role of comprehensive factors such as patient selection and degree of artery stenosis, on clinical outcome.

 101 patients with hemodynamically relevant RAS underwent percutaneous angioplasty (PTA). 65.7 % were male (mean age 64 years; range 18-84). The clinical data was retrospectively analyzed. The serum creatinine (Cr), glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and blood pressure (BP) levels pre- and postprocedural, between 6 months and 1year, were retrospectively collected and statistically analyzed.

 Follow-up data was available in 34 (33.7 %) and 28patients (27.7 %) for Cr and MAP, respectively. A significant drop in mean arterial pressure (MAP) was observed on follow-up (mean -5.27 mmHg). Higher baseline Cr and MAP values showed a more pronounced drop in the follow-up (Cr p0.002; difference to baseline -0.25 mg/dL, 95 %CI-0.36, -0.07 and BP p < 0.001; diff. to baseline -0.72 mmHg; 9gioplasty for renal artery stenosis (RAS).. · Percutaneous stent angioplasty is a safe procedure..

· Guerreiro H, Avanesov M, Dinnies S et al. Efficiency of Percutaneous Stent Angioplasty in Renal Artery Stenosis - 15Years of Experience at a Single Center. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2021; 193 298 - 304.

· Guerreiro H, Avanesov M, Dinnies S et al. Efficiency of Percutaneous Stent Angioplasty in Renal Artery Stenosis - 15 Years of Experience at a Single Center. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2021; 193 298 - 304.

 Comparison of dual-source dual-energy CT (DS-DECT) and split-filter dual-energy CT (SF-DECT) regarding image quality and radiation dose in patients with suspected pulmonary embolism.

 We retrospectively analyzed pulmonary dual-energy CT angiography (CTPA) scans performed on two different CT scanners in 135 patients with suspected pulmonary embolism (PE). Scan parameters for DS-DECT were 90/Sn150 kV (n = 68 patients), and Au/Sn120 kV for SF-DECT (n = 67 patients). The iodine delivery rate was 1400 mg/s in the DS-DECT group vs. 1750 mg/s in the SF-DECT group. Color-coded iodine distribution maps were generated for both protocols. Objective (CT attenuation of pulmonary trunk [HU], signal-to-noise ratio [SNR], contrast-to-noise ratio [CNR]) and subjective image quality parameters (two readers [R], five-point Likert scale), as well as radiation dose parameters (effective radiation dose, size-specific dose estimations [SSDE]) were compared.

 All CTPA scans in both groups were of diagnostic image quality. Subjective CTPA image quality was rated as good or excellent in 80.