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Based on the 2D-COS of the SFS and UV-visible spectra, the variation order of DOM fractions in Puhe River was PLF → MHLF → FLF, and the PLF was consistent with the phenolic groups, aromatic groups, and carboxylic groups, but the adverse trend with the microbial products. The variation order in Nanxiaohe River was MHLF → PLF → FLF, and the MHLF was consistent with the aromatic groups, phenolic groups, carboxylic groups, and microbial products. The variation order in Huangnihe River was MHLF → PLF → FLF too, and the PLF was consistent with the carboxylic groups and aromatic groups. The results of the present study demonstrate that UV-visible spectroscopy and SFS combined with 2D-COS are useful methods to characterize structural composition of DOM from urban black and stinky rivers so as to investigate their pollution status.Emerging contaminants (ECs) are widely distributed and potentially hazardous to human health and the ecological system. However, traditional wastewater treatment techniques are not sufficient to remove ECs. Magnetic nanomaterials are made of ferromagnetic or superparamagnetic magnetic elements such as iron and nickel, which can be easily separated from the aqueous solution, making them ideal adsorbents for contaminants in water. This review focused on the synthesis approaches of magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles (MFNs), as well as surface modification in order to improve their stability and functional diversity. Also, a detailed summary on the state-of-art application of magnetic nanomaterials on the removal of ECs was addressed. Additionally, challenges and future prospective of applying magnetic nanomaterials into real-world cases were discussed, in which the green and simple synthesis and evaluation of the toxic effects of MFNs are still of great challenge. This work summarizes the recent progress of using magnetic nanomaterials as promising and powerful tools in the treatment of ECs-contaminated water, benefiting researchers interested in nanomaterials and environmental studies.Significant environmental damage can result from the use of natural resources such as cement, aggregate, and water in concrete production. Thus, more sustainable alternatives for concrete production are needed to protect the environment and natural resources. In this study, lightweight pervious concrete production involving recycled coarse aggregates (RCAs) with potential to cause environmental pollution was investigated. First, RCAs were produced from concretes possessing low compressive strength and were classified. Second, pervious concretes were produced from these RCAs. Third, the mechanical properties, permeability, and abrasion strength of the pervious concretes were determined. The water/cement (w/c) ratios of the mixtures were determined to be 0.32, 0.34, and 0.36, and the aggregate/cement (a/c) ratios were selected to be 3.5 and 4. Twelve different pervious concretes were produced and tested in total. The bulk densities (BD) of the mortars varied over an interval of 1160-1080 kg/m3. The aim was to design pervious concretes with lightweight bulk densities. When the w/c ratio was 0.34, the compressive, splitting tensile and abrasion strengths were high. The compressive strength of the pervious concretes varied over an interval of 1.50-2.00 MPa. It was determined that for optimal permeability, the most appropriate w/c ratio was 0.36, and the best a/c ratio was 4. When the a/c ratio was 4, the strength values were high, and as a result, the mechanical properties were poor. With respect to aggregate gradation, it was determined that a grain size distribution of 9.50-12.50 mm was most suitable for this pervious concrete. Recycled aggregates with low strength produced low strength concrete. Therefore, the pervious concrete produced in this study is most suitable for pedestrian roads where heavy vehicle traffic does not exist.Formation of oil-suspended sediment aggregates (OSAs) is believed to be one of the natural cleaning processes in the marine environment. In this study, we have investigated the formation processes of OSAs under different mixing periods (continuous mixing and with the addition of sediments in between), oil-sediment ratios (11, 12 and 21) and crude oils (Arabian Light (AL), Kuwait (KW) and Murban (MB)). The results revealed that size of OSAs significantly increased (up to ≈ 1.41 mm) with the addition of sediments. Aggregates (total 36) were extracted for n-alkanes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to quantify and assess their weathering and toxic levels. The maximum n-alkane depletion was 84% (111-02), 94% (212-02) and 84% (321-02) and PAH depletion was ≈ 72% (111-02), 79% (212-02) and 81% (311-03) for the OSAs of AL, KW and MB crude oils, respectively, for the different samples considered, indicating that n-alkanes were depleted relatively higher than the PAHs. Kynurenic acid supplier The highest depletion of both n-alkane and PAHs has occurred in OSAs of 10-h continuous mixing. The depletion of both n-alkane and PAHs reduced after the addition of sediments, however, escalated the growth of OSAs, resulting in bigger size OSAs. The concentration of PAHs of all 36 OSAs is greater than 5000 ng/g, indicating very high PAH pollution. Though the formation of OSAs helps in cleaning the spill sites, the carcinogenic threat to the marine ecosystem caused by these OSAs cannot be ignored.A simple, efficient, environmentally friendly, and inexpensive synthesis route was developed to obtain a magnetic nano-hybrid (GH) based on graphene and cobalt ferrite. Water with a high content of natural organic matter (NOM) was used as solvent and a source of carbon. The presence of NOM in the composition of GH was confirmed by FTIR and Raman spectroscopy, which evidenced the formation of graphene, as also corroborated by XRD analyses. link2 The diffractograms and TEM images showed the formation of a hybrid nanomaterial composed of graphene and cobalt ferrite, with crystallite and particle sizes of 0.83 and 4.0 nm, respectively. The heterogeneous electro-Fenton process (EF-GH) achieved 100% degradation of bisphenol A (BPA) in 50 min, with 80% mineralization in 7 h, at pH 7, using a current density of 33.3 mA cm-2. The high catalytic performance was achieved at neutral pH, enabling substantial reduction of the costs of treatment processes. link3 This work contributes to understanding the role of NOM in the synthesis of a magnetic nano-hybrid based on graphene and cobalt ferrite, for use in heterogeneous catalysis. This nano-hybrid has excellent potential for application in the degradation of persistent organic pollutants found in aquatic environments.This study is an attempt to assess pulmonary protective and antifibrotic potentials of a combination of aspirin, a widely used anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective agent, and krill oil, a naturally occurring omega-3 fatty acid source, against silica-induced pulmonary injury. For silicosis induction, silica particles (50 mg/rat, 0.1 mL 0.9% NaCl) were instilled intranasally into rats. Aspirin (10 mg/kg/day), krill oil (40 mg/kg/day), or their combination was administered orally for 56 days following silica exposure. Results showed that oral aspirin and krill oil combination significantly mitigated silica-induced pulmonary injury. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid examination showed a decreased lactate dehydrogenase activity, total protein content, and accumulation of total and differential inflammatory cells. Oral aspirin and krill oil combination significantly attenuated silica-induced oxidative stress through the restoration of reduced glutathione concentration and catalase activity in addition to alleviation of elevated malondialdehyde and total nitric oxide contents. Moreover, aspirin and krill oil combination revealed considerable mitigation of silica-induced upregulated expression of the inflammatory and fibrotic mediators nuclear factor kappa-B, transforming growth factor-β1, and matrix metalloproteinase-9. The antifibrotic effect was also evidenced through the decreased hydroxyproline content and the obvious restoration of lung architecture, as demonstrated upon histopathological examination. In conclusion, oral aspirin and krill oil combination can confer pulmonary protective, anti-inflammatory, and antifibrotic potentials against silica-induced pulmonary injury. This impact could be credited to the ability of this combination to activate resolution mechanisms, which, in turn, suppress the expression of inflammatory and fibrotic biomarkers and replenish antioxidant stores.The winery wastewater (WW) of the Village of Vidigueira, in south of Portugal, presented an acid pH (4.26 ± 0.029), a high content of chemical oxygen demand (COD = 3236 ± 30.43 mg L-1), turbidity (160.0 ± 7.68 NTU), total P (155.5 ± 6.36 mg L-1) K (100.5 mg L-1), and low level of metals Pb, Cd, Cu, Ni, Mn, Fe, Zn. The K and the total P content could make them attractive from an agricultural point of view. However, the high turbidity biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5 = 1266.7 ± 208.7 mg O2 L-1) fecal coliforms (45 ± 29.8 ufc/100 mL) and toxicological total phenols 13.239 ± 3.007 mg galic acid L-1 is the main limiting parameters. By using 5 g L-1 of lime solution, the best reactional conditions are achieved pH = 12 with a minimum volume of the produced sludge's, 33.5 ± 4.92 mL L-1. These reactional conditions allow reaching high removal levels of BOD5, turbidity, total P, and total phenols 77.9, 98.7%, 87.1%, and 99.9%, respectively. Simultaneously, the fecal coliforms and Enterococcus are 100% eliminated. The precipitate obtained is rich in calcium (2.7891 ± 0.4350 mg Ca kg-1) organic matter (10.05 ± 0.11%), P (895.0 ± 35.4 mg P2O5 kg-1), and K (990.0 ± 84.9 mg K2O kg-1). During carbonatation reactions, the pH (7.46) and electrical conductivity (EC) (1.805 dS m-1) decreased spontaneously while the Ca2+, K+, and F- kept high 426.53 mg L-1, 240.53 mg L-1, 176.03 mg L-1, respectively.The present work represents a detailed performance analysis of a 5-kWp on-grid solar photovoltaic rooftop system installed on a flat roof of a hospital building at a height of 12 m from the ground level, located at Perambalur (latitude 11° 23' N and longitude 78° 93' E), Tamilnadu, India. The daily, monthly and annual average performance parameters of the PV system including energy output, final yield, reference yield, array yield, photovoltaic array efficiency, system efficiency, inverter efficiency, performance ratio and capacity utilization factor have been analysed. The environmental benefit analysis and the payback period of the installed solar photovoltaic plant are also discussed. This solar photovoltaic power plant generates around 7144 kWh per annum of electrical energy, which is fed into the grid, and the annual average array, inverter, system efficiency, capacity utilization factor and performance ratio of the plant are found to be 12.15%, 97.12%, 11.72%, 16.31% and 76.83%, respectively, during the year 2019. The overall PV module electrical efficiency has been increased by 1.21% by applying the forced air circulation mechanism and 2.31% by applying the forced water circulation mechanism. Subsequently, the heat gained by the system can be utilized for heat load application. The installed solar photovoltaic power plant has a positive impact on greenhouse gas emissions with a reduction of 11.287 t of CO2, 8.86 kg of SO2, 18.50 kg of NOx and 485.792 kg of ash per annum. The water-based cooling in photovoltaics can potentially generate an output energy of 7310 kWh, which is relatively higher than the energy generated by the photovoltaic module with air cooling.