Cassidyrosenberg6769

While IL-8 and IL-17 expressions were determined higher than control group at 16 and 24 h, their expressions were decreased compared to control groups at 72 h (p less then 0.01). While MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, TIMP-1, TIMP-2 expressions increased, MMP-9 expression reduced at time-points. Also, a time-dependent up-regulation in mRNA levels for oxidative stress enzymes was detected. These results indicated that up-regulation in the transcripts of inflammation-associated cytokines and degradation enzymes were noted in the cementoblasts exposed to Pg-LPS. Cementoblasts infected with the virulence factors of periodontopathogens might also involve to the induction of inflammation and degradation of the periodontal tissues.The cotton textile was an abundant energy resource while was otherwise treated as waste. In this work, surfactants were used as catalysts in the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) to transform cotton textile waste (CTW) into clean solid fuel. Furthermore, the conversion mechanisms of hydrothermal products during surfactant-assisted HTC were preliminarily proposed. The results showed that Span 80 and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate facilitated the transformation of CTW into bio-oil, while Tween 80 was more conducive to the development of pseudo-lignin, which endowed hydrochars higher energy density and updated the fuel quality and combustion behavior. Therefore, the research presented an effective method to convert CTW to clean solid fuel through the HTC treatment combining with surfactants.Anaerobic digestion of animal manure show a maximum of ca. 50% conversion of volatile solids due to recalcitrance of lignin and crystalline cellulose under anaerobic conditions. The aim of this study is to evaluate different pretreatments on anaerobic digestion of manure fibers after anaerobic digestion. Physical, chemical, thermal, and thermal combined with alkaline pretreatments using sodium hydroxide were tested on manure fiber fraction separated out after anaerobic digestion of cow manure. The anaerobic digestion after pretreatment along with untreated controls were done in semi-continuous anaerobic bioreactors. All pretreatments showed positive effect and the highest increase in VS conversion (42.4%) and methane yield (ca. 127%) was found for 3% NaOH pretreated sample at 180 °C. Composition analysis showed that cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in digested manure fibers were optimally reduced by 24.8, 29.1 and 9.5% respectively during pretreatment and 76.5% of cellulose and 84.9% of hemicellulose was converted to methane during AD.The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of anionic and cationic surfactants on the physico-chemical properties, organic matter (OM) degradation, bacterial community structure and metabolic function during composting of dairy manure and sugarcane bagasse. The results showed that the surfactant could optimize the composting conditions to promote the degradation of OM. The most OM degradation and humic substances (HS) synthesis were observed in SAS. Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were more abundant in SAS and CTAC, and Actinobacteria in CK. Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt) showed that SAS and CTAC are more abundant than CK in genes related to metabolism, environmental and genetic information processing. The correlation analysis showed that the dominant bacteria had more significant correlation with environmental factors. In general, the anionic surfactant could better promote the degradation of OM, change the structure of microbial community, and improve the quality of compost.In this study, a sequencing batch and intermittent air-lift bioreactor (SBIAB) was evaluated under the three independent variables to treat raw piggery wastewater. The effects of hydraulic retention time (HRT), air flow rate and sludge retention time (SRT) on the nutrients removal of SBIAB were researched. The optimum values of HRT, air flow rate and SRT were 8 d, 2 l/min and 20 d, respectively. Meanwhile, the removal rates of chemical oxygen demand (COD), NH4+-N, total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) were up to 89.5%, 93.5%, 61.1% and 57.3%, respectively. Generally, the nutrients removal performance could be enhanced with increasing HRT from 6 to 10 d, while it was inhibited at air flow rate of 3 l/min. Higher air flow rate caused the alkaline pH and high free ammonia concentration, which imposed restrictions on the process of wastewater treatment. In the SBIAB, a coupling of aerobic/anoxic/anaerobic zone was formed according to the changes of oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) values at the optimum condition. Microbial community structure analysis indicated that the functional microbes including Brachymonas, Prokaryote, Giesbergeria, Comamonadaceae bacterium, Clostridiales bacterium, Comamonas, Tissierella, Aequorivita were enriched in the SBIAB, which played a significant role in the removal of complex organics and nitrogen.A more practical microbial fuel cell system with both catalytic cathode membrane and packed cathode of modified granular activated carbon with manganese dioxide/titanium dioxide/graphitic carbon nitride/(MnO2/TiO2/g-C3N4/GAC) was tested in treating high COD coking wastewater (>3000 or >6000 mg L-1). The decreased system internal resistance promoted treatment efficiency and electricity generation. With microbes acclimated, the system achieved both high removals of COD and NH4+-N (>96%), decreased UV254 from 23.80 to 34.50 cm-1 in influent to 1.11-1.42 cm-1 in effluent. Y-27632 solubility dmso The capacity in COD removal reached 3.07 kg COD m-3d-1 and the maximum power density was 1680 mW m-3 much higher than those without the packed cathode. This system is feasible for sustainable treatment of coking wastewater.In vivo ultrasound attenuation coefficient measurements are of interest as they can provide insight into tissue pathology. They are also needed so that measurements of the tissue's frequency dependent ultrasound backscattering coefficient may be corrected for attenuation. In vivo measurements of the attenuation coefficient are challenging because it has to be estimated from the depth dependent decay of backscatter signals that display a large degree of magnitude variation. In this study we describe and evaluate an improved backscatter method to estimate ultrasound attenuation which is tolerant to the presence of some backscatter inhomogeneity. This employs an automated algorithm to segment and remove atypically strong echoes to lessen the potential bias these may introduce on the attenuation coefficient estimates. The benefit of the algorithm was evaluated by measuring the frequency dependent attenuation coefficient of a gelatine phantom containing randomly distributed cellulose scatterers as a homogeneous backscattering component and planar pieces of cooked leek to provide backscattering inhomogeneities.