Carvermichael8019

Undergraduate (UG) research is new but important concept in modern science. It is considered as an effective educational tool for enhancing the undergraduate medical experience. The objectives of the study were to know the perceptions of UG medical students towards research, main motivating factors and barriers faced by the students.

It was Crosssectional study with both quantitative and qualitative portions conducted in Ayub Medical College (AMC) from November 2018 to April 2019. The quantitative portion of the study was based on a simple questionnaire with 9 closed ended questions completed by 215 participants selected using stratified random sampling technique. Data was analysed using SPSS 20.0. The Qualitative portion of the study was based on 8 Focused Group Discussions (FGDs), two from each year, with 6-10 participants. The interviews were recorded and reported by obtaining informed consent from each participant. NX-2127 The audio recording of the FGDs was transcribed verbatim and content analysis was done by conventional content analysis.

Out of 215, 128 (59.5%) had a previous research experience mostly as a compulsory requirement of undergraduate curriculum; 134 (62.3%) were aware that research is a part of their curriculum. Lack of resources and lack of interest of students was main barrier, i.e., 152 (70.7%). For 133 (61.8%) participants, the main motivating factor was learning research methodology.

Students were aware about research and their awareness about research increased with increasing year in medical school. Hardly any student had a research experience beforehand they took part in mandatory research in 4th year.

Students were aware about research and their awareness about research increased with increasing year in medical school. Hardly any student had a research experience beforehand they took part in mandatory research in 4th year.

Hemorrhoids are one of the most common anal pathology affecting millions of people around the world. Milligan-Morgan open hemorrhoidectomy is the most effective hemorrhoidectomy method used as gold standard procedure. Post-operative pain is recognized as a distressing complication of hemorrhoidectomy leading to increase hospital stay and psychological stress to both patient and surgeon. This study is designed to determine the efficacy of diltiazem gel in relieving pain after hemorrhoidectomy caused by anal muscle spasm. This will lead to decreased hospital stay and save both patient and surgeon from stress in postoperative period.

To compare mean post-operative pain in patients undergoing hemorrhoidectomy with vs. without topical application of diltiazem gel.

Total 80 patients who were diagnosed with third- and fourth-degree hemorrhoids and undergo hemorrhoidectomy were included in the study. Patients were randomly allocated to two groups using opaque sealed envelope method. Group A and B both have 40 patients in each group. Pain score was measured on visual analogue scale (VAS) by asking the patients to fill a questionnaire or by the help of the doctor.

The patient's average age was 39.98±7.98 years. At 24 hours, mean pain score was significantly high in group B than group A [7.23±0.95 vs. 5.38±1.06; p=0.0005]. At 3rd post-operative day, mean pain score was significantly high in group B than group A [5±0.78 vs. 3.08±0.99; p=0.0005]. Seventy percent cases were observed in group B which required rescue analgesia.

It is concluded that application of diltiazem ointment at perianal area with standard treatment considerably decreases pain after haemorrhoidectomy.

It is concluded that application of diltiazem ointment at perianal area with standard treatment considerably decreases pain after haemorrhoidectomy.

Stigma towards mental illness is among the main reasons of higher mental health burden in Pakistan, especially in women. Therefore, this study was planned to explore gender differences regarding stigma towards mental illness among medical students of Peshawar.

A Cross-sectional study was conducted among the students of medical and dental institutions of Peshawar from December 2018 to March 2019. Students were asked to respond to the Community Attitude towards Mental Illness (CAMI) scale consisting of 40 questions with four subscales that assess different attitudes towards mental illness. We also asked two additional questions regarding health-seeking behaviour of the general public.

The mean age of the sample (n=1003) was 20.75±1.66 years and majority of the respondents were females (n=581, 57.9%). Female, as compared to male students, exhibited positive attitude on overall CAMI scale and its subscales of benevolence and community mental health ideology; while male students showed positive attitude on authoritarian and social restrictiveness subscales, as compared to female students (p<0.05). Both female and male students recognized lack of awareness (combined 34.5%), and stigma attached to mental illness (combined 24.3%) as the main barriers to health seeking behaviour of general public; and suggested that the people struggling with mental health issues should first approach their parents (combined 37.9%) and a psychiatrist/ psychologist (combined 35.0%).

Significantly more female medical students showed less stigma towards mental illnesses. Lack of awareness and stigma associated to mental illnesses are considered as the main barriers to help seeking behaviour of general public.

Significantly more female medical students showed less stigma towards mental illnesses. Lack of awareness and stigma associated to mental illnesses are considered as the main barriers to help seeking behaviour of general public.

Trigeminal neuralgia is a very painful condition which is presented as severe pain corresponding to spastic shock. This is caused by trigeminal nerve's vascular compression at root entry zone. The pain is induced due to ipsilateral neurovascular conflict. In spite of the condition being known since centuries, it still continues to frustrate the clinician and its pathogenesis remains as enigma to the medical profession. It is very common for these patients to undergo unnecessary dental extraction without any relief in pain. This study was conducted to assess the association between trigeminal neuralgia and unnecessary tooth extraction.

This was a cross-sectional study conducted between January 2017 and July 2019 in the Department of Dentistry of Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad. A total of fifty-three cases with Trigeminal neuralgia were included. All the patients were evaluated by history, clinical examination and local anaesthetic injection.

Fifty-three Trigeminal neuralgia cases were enrolled in this study; out of which 22 cases (41.