Carrollpetersen2119

Traumatic brain injury is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. Mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the most common and benign form of TBI, usually referred to by the medical term "concussion". The purpose of our systematic review and meta-analysis was to explore the role of serum and CSF neurofilament light chain (NfL) as a potential biomarker in concussion.

We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases using specific keywords. As the primary outcome, we assessed CSF or serum NfL levels in patients with concussion and head impacts versus controls. The role of NfL in patients with concussion and head impacts compared to healthy controls was also assessed, as well as in sports-related and military-related conditions.

From the initial 617 identified studies, we included 24 studies in our qualitative analysis and 14 studies in our meta-analysis. We found a statistically significant increase of serum NfL in patients suffering from a concussion or head impacts comparded.

Female urethral stricture is a poorly studied disease entity. To date, its management has been poorly evaluated, with small numbers and various definitions of success. Treatment options traditionally have been urethral dilatation and/or self-catheterization with success rates ranging from only 14 to 49%. However, there has been increasing use of urethroplasty due to the improved success rate (70 to 100%). In this study we assessed the outcome of dorsal buccal mucosal grafts in female urethral stricture disease.

In our study we prospectively analyzed 25 female patients treated from 2014 to 2019 at our institute; ages ranged from 26 to 66years. Dorsal buccal mucosal graft urethroplasty was performed in all patients. Avexitide clinical trial The pathology of female urethral stricture disease is unknown, and neither the pre- nor the intraoperative assessment allows determining the precise location and extent or the severity of urethral damage; therefore, we advocate extensive grafting of the entire urethra. Patients were followed evetages of the procedure such as easy availability of the graft and fewer donor site comorbidities. We emphasize upfront urethroplasty and extensive urethral grafting.

Dorsal buccal mucosal graft currently represents a prime choice for female urethral stricture reconstruction, keeping in view the advantages of the procedure such as easy availability of the graft and fewer donor site comorbidities. We emphasize upfront urethroplasty and extensive urethral grafting.

Fourth-degree perineal tear occurs in up to 0.2% of vaginal deliveries. In limited resource communities, women often deliver in local villages without facilities to repair obstetric anal sphincter injuries. These fourth-degree tears heal by secondary intention and result in total perineal defects. The aim of the study is to present medium-term follow-up of a large number of women following repair of chronic fourth-degree tear.

Repairs of chronic obstetric fourth-degree tears were undertaken during surgical camps at Kagando Hospital, Uganda and Selian Hospital, Tanzania, from December 2013 to October 2019. Women completed Cleveland Clinic Incontinence Scores (CCIS) on admission (face to face) and during the 7-year follow-up period (via telephone).

Two hundred fourteen women had medical history and CCIS completed on admission. The mean age at presentation was 33.9years and mean duration of the condition was 8.9years. Over a third of women stated they suffered social abandonment because of the unrepaired fourth-degree tear. Nearly 45% of women suffered the tear during the first vaginal delivery. At 1-year follow-up, 87% of 101 women scored 0 (perfect continence) and 94% of 66 women had perfect continence at 2years. Forty-one births occurred during the follow-up period (32 vaginal deliveries) with two recurrences of fourth-degree tear.

Follow-up in limited resource communities is challenging. Short- to medium-term results of women who had repair of total perineal defect (unrepaired fourth-degree obstetric tears) are encouraging.

Follow-up in limited resource communities is challenging. Short- to medium-term results of women who had repair of total perineal defect (unrepaired fourth-degree obstetric tears) are encouraging.

Two cases are described and surgical techniques for recurrent pelvic organ prolapse after minimally invasive sacrocolpopexy are demonstrated at an academic affiliated hospital in patients with recurrent pelvic organ prolapse after minimally invasive sacrocolpopexy.

A laparoscopic approach was taken for surgical intervention, with excision of prior detached vaginal mesh and re-attachment of new sacrocolpopexy mesh.

Two patients presented with recurrent pelvic organ prolapse after failed surgical treatment. The first case is a 68-year-old vaginal multipara with recurrent pelvic organ prolapse status post laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy, sacrocolpopexy, and mid-urethral sling performed at an outside institution. Preoperative physical examination revealed stage 3 prolapse. Mesh was loosely attached to the cervix. After surgical correction, postoperative physical examination revealed stage 1 prolapse at the 6-week postoperative visit. The second case is a 62-year old vaginal multipara with recurrent vaginal portion of the mesh, and attachment of a new surgical mesh to either the sacrum or the sacral portion of the mesh.

Recurrent urinary tract infections (rUTIs) occur in 2-10% of postmenopausal women. Local estrogen therapy (LET) has been shown to reduce UTIs. This study aimed to compare the urinary microbiome between patients with and without a history of rUTIs and to examine whether treatment with LET influences the diversity and richness of microbiome species in two groups.

Postmenopausal women with and without rUTIs attending the urogynecology clinic between April 2019 and December 2020 were recruited. Participant baseline characteristics and demographics were recorded. Aseptic transurethral urine samples were collected at recruitment and at 3-6months following treatment with LET. The V1-V2 and ITS regions of the 16S rRNA gene were sequenced to identify bacteria.

A total of 37 women were recruited, 20 controls and 17 patients with rUTI. During follow-up, symptomatic UTIs occurred in 3/17 (17.6%) and 0/20 in the rUTI group and control group, respectively. Klebsiella aerogenes was present in 80% of rUTI samples and in 53.