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60, P = .006) and the FI (F = 57.59, P = .001), consistent in both sexes. In each age group, the CV was higher in men than in women (t = 3.25, P = .018). A great level of protection was associated with a significantly reduced mortality, and an increased CV (t = 2.91, P = .027). Conclusions Our data demonstrate that a gender difference exists in the relative heterogeneity of frailty, which is negatively related to age and frailty as well as positively associated with health protection and the five-year survival. © 2019 The Authors. Aging Medicine published by Beijing Hospital and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.Magnesium-rich silicates are ubiquitous both terrestrially and astronomically, where they are often present as small particles. Nanosized Mg-rich silicate particles are likely to be particularly important for understanding the formation, processing, and properties of cosmic dust grains. Although astronomical observations and laboratory studies have revealed much about such silicate dust, our knowledge of this hugely important class of nanosolids largely rests on top-down comparisons with the properties of bulk silicates. Herein, we provide a foundational bottom-up study of the structure and properties of Mg-rich nanosilicates based on carefully procured atomistic models. Specifically, we employ state-of-the-art global optimization methods to search for the most stable structures of silicate nanoclusters with olivine (Mg2SiO4) N and pyroxene (MgSiO3) N compositions with N = 1-10. To ensure the reliability of our searches, we develop a new interatomic potential that has been especially tuned for nanosilicates. Subsequently, we refine these searches and calculate a range of physicochemical properties of the most stable nanoclusters using accurate density functional theory based electronic structure calculations. We report a detailed analysis of structural and energy properties, charge distributions, and infrared vibrational spectra, where in all cases we compare our finding for nanosilicates with those of the corresponding bulk silicate crystals. For most properties considered, we find large differences with respect to the bulk limit, underlining the limitations of a top-down approach for describing these species. Overall, our work provides a new platform for an accurate and detailed understanding of nanoscale silicates. Copyright © 2019 American Chemical Society.Lemierre's syndrome is characterized by septic thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein. It typically presents in healthy adolescents or young adults, usually preceded by an oropharyngeal infection, with the most common offending pathogen being Fusobacterium necrophorum. We present a case of Lemierre's syndrome in an elderly woman without antecedent oropharyngeal infection, caused by Streptococcus pyogenes. She was successfully treated with combined surgical and medical management. © 2019 The Authors.Popliteal artery aneurysms (PAAs) are the most common of all peripheral aneurysms. However, ruptured PAA is rare, accounting for approximately 2% of PAA presentations. A literature review found only 11 published cases of ruptured PAAs treated with endovascular repair. In this case, a large (6.9 cm in diameter) ruptured PAA was successfully treated with endovascular repair using the GORE VIABAHN (W. L. Gore & Associates, Flagstaff, Ariz) stent graft and had simultaneous evacuation of popliteal fossa hematoma through a medial distal thigh incision. This facilitated more rapid recovery of mobility, reduced pain, and reduced hospital stay and may represent a useful hybrid surgical approach for this rare condition. © 2019 The Author(s).The perceived prevalence of renal artery aneurysms is increasing, probably because of the widespread use of cross-sectional imaging. The majority of these aneurysms are found incidentally and are asymptomatic. There are no clear guidelines for when to repair these aneurysms, although most practitioners recommend intervention around the 2- to 3-cm size cutoff. These can be managed endovascularly or with open surgery; however, aneurysms at the hilum may require a complex repair to avoid nephrectomy. We present a case of a hilar renal artery aneurysm managed with laparoscopic nephrectomy with ex vivo aneurysm resection and repair followed by autotransplantation. © 2019 The Authors.Brachiocephalic vein aneurysm is an extremely rare clinical entity, with a limited number of case reports in the literature. We report the case of a 74-year-old woman with a left brachiocephalic vein aneurysm (3 × 3 × 6.5 cm) that was discovered fortuitously by contrast-enhanced chest computed tomography. Surgical intervention was performed simultaneously during tricuspid valve surgery with coronary artery bypass grafting. This paper discusses the details of our case, the surgical treatment of brachiocephalic vein aneurysms, and the different treatment options. © 2019 The Authors.Investigative and Clinical Urology is the official journal of the Korean Urological Association (KUA). Taehan Pinyogikwa Hakhoe chi was the first version of the official journal of the KUA and was published in January 1960. The journal was renamed the Korean Journal of Urology in February 2009 and the Korean Journal of Urology changed its title to Investigative and Clinical Urology in January 2016. The official YouTube channel of Investigative and Clinical Urology has been in operation since January 2016. Investigative and Clinical Urology was registered in Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE) on October 30, 2018. A total of 8,103 papers were published in Investigative and Clinical Urology from January 1960 to December 2018. FK506 supplier The most common subjects in published articles were oncology (4,602), pediatric urology (1,540), endourology & urolithiasis (1,477), and sexual dysfunction & infertility (1,285). A total of 23 articles on randomized controlled trials were published from March 2010 to December 2018. The acceptance rate of original articles in Investigative and Clinical Urology has decreased continuously since 2014. Meanwhile, the submission rate by international authors has shown an increasing trend from 2014 to 2018. As the first urologic journal in South Korea, Investigative and Clinical Urology has faithfully played its academic role in the past and present for 60 years. Since joining the SCIE list in 2018, further progress of Investigative and Clinical Urology is highly expected. © The Korean Urological Association, 2020.