Cappsgill1427

The mechanistic information articulated from the review is used to propose a number of novel therapeutic strategies with a potential for ameliorating the burden of worldwide arsenic poisoning.Sulfated exopolysaccharides (EPS) from Porphyridium cruentum strain were extracted and their antioxidant and anti-bacterial potentials were evaluated based on DPPH free radical, ABTS•+ radical cation and DNA nicking assays, and against four foodborne pathogenic bacteria, respectively. They showed also interesting functional, foaming and emulsion properties. Moreover, microbiological and chemical effects of EPS at 0.5, 1 and 2% on refrigerated minced beef meat were undertaken. Chemical analyses revealed that the treated meat underwent significant decrease (P less then 0.05) of primary and secondary lipid oxidation. By the end of the storage period, exopolysaccharides at 2% reduced the metmyoglobin and carbonyl group accumulation compared to control samples and were more efficient (P less then 0.05) against microflora proliferation. Furthermore, two multivariate exploratory techniques namely Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) were applied successfully to all obtained data describing the main characteristics attributed to refrigerated meat samples. Overall, these findings indicated that EPS from P. cruentum are worthy being developed as functional and bioactive components for the meat industry.It is well known that metal ions have great effects on gelling behaviors of gellan aqueous systems, however, the effects of their co-ions - anions have rarely been studied. Herein, we investigated the effects of four kinds of sodium salts with different anions (NaCl, CH3COONa, Na2C2O4 and Na3C6H5O7) on gelling behaviors of gellan aqueous systems in terms of gelling temperature and gel hardness. It was found that, when [Na+] was low (20 mM), the salt with Cl- or CH3COO- favored the gelling of gellan aqueous systems, while the salt with C2O42- or C6H5O73- took adverse effects probably because C2O42- or C6H5O73- could react with divalent cations (Ca2+ and Mg2+) in gellan to form precipitates or chelates and break their interactions with gellan (salt bridges). When [Na+] was high (50 or 80 mM), all the four kinds of salts facilitated gelling due to the shielding effects of high concentrations of Na+ on the negative charges along the gellan chains, and followed the order of Cl- > CH3COO- > C2O42- > C6H5O73-. This study demonstrates the effects of anion kind of salts on gelling behaviors of gellan aqueous systems and provides references for the application of gellan.Polylactic acid (PLA) is a novel biodegradable material that is widely used in fields like medicine, petrochemicals, disposable products, and has played significant role in the fast-growing agriculture sector in recent years. In this study, nanoscale sustained-release urea fiber materials were successfully fabricated by coaxial electrospinning by encapsulating urea inside polylactic acid fibers. The effects of different concentrations of PLA and urea on the preparation of fibrous membranes as well as the effects of different concentrations of PH and variations in temperature on the sustained release were investigated. The experimental results showed that the proposed method was feasible and the urea fiber membranes acidic and basic conditions as well as elevated temperatures. The sustained release time for the urea was as long as 84 d. Scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry were employed to characterize the morphology of the electrospun nanofibers. Thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry showed that the release system was thermally stable up to a temperature of 126 °C, and urea concentration was determined by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. This method has broad application prospects in agricultural production and provides a more rational fertilizer choice for soil-free cultivation.Due to their lack of multifunctionality, the majority of traditional wound dressings do not support all the clinical requirements. Bilayer wound dressings with multifunctional properties can be attractive for effective skin regeneration. In the present study, we designed a multifunctional bilayer scaffold containing Chitosan-Polycaprolactone (PC) nanofiber and tannic acid (TA) reinforced methacrylate gelatin (GM)/alginate (Al) hydrogel (GM/Al/TA). PC nanofibers were coated with GM/Al/TA hydrogel to obtain a bilayer nanocomposite scaffold (Bi-TA). The GM/Al/TA hydrogel layer of Bi-TA showed antibacterial, free radical scavenging, and biocompatibility properties. Also, PC nanofiber acted as a barrier for preventing bacterial invasion and moisture loss of the hydrogel layer. The wound healing performance of the Bi-TA scaffold was investigated via a full-thickness wound model. In addition, the histopathological and immunohistochemical (IHC) stainings of transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were assessed. The results indicated an enhanced wound closure rate, effective collagen deposition, quick re-epithelialization, more skin appendages, and replacement of defect area with normal skin tissue by Bi-TA scaffold compared to other groups. Additionally, the regulation of TGF-β1 and TNF-α was observed by Bi-TA dressing. Overall, the Bi-TA with appropriate structural and multifunctional properties can be an excellent candidate for developing effective dressings for wound healing applications.The objective of the study was to prepare active films based on pectin and polyphenol-rich extracts from Tommy Atkins mango peels. Aqueous and methanolic extracts showed a variety of phenolic compounds that were identified by UPLC-MS analysis, and a high content of total phenolics that were quantified by the Folin-Ciocalteau method. The methanolic extract showed better results in antioxidant tests and was more effective in inhibiting the growth of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The pectin extracted from mango peels showed good thermal stability and a degree of methoxylation of 58.3% by 1H NMR. The films containing the phenolic extracts showed lower water vapor permeability when compared to the control film (without any phenolic extracts). The incorporation of the extracts led to an increase in elongation (ε) and a decrease in tensile strength (σ) and modulus of elasticity (Y). The films with aqueous or methanolic extracts showed higher antioxidant activity in terms of inhibition of the DPPH radical. Therefore, the films developed in this work are presented as a promising alternative for food packaging and/or coating applications.Hydrogels are considered as practical and proficient materials in adsorption and removal of soluble lethal molecules from aqueous system. They are also rapid-decomposable and economical materials besides their diverse preventive claims. In current study, Cinnamaldehyde (C), a natural defensive compound and Chitosan (Ch), natural occurring bio-macromolecule are considered to develop bio-inspired hydrogel (ChC). The structural and surface characteristics of ChC (13C solid state NMR, FT-IR, UV-Vis and SEM) are investigated to confirm the successful grafting. The origami of gelation in ChC performs an excellent adsorption activity towards food dyes, Carmoisine (CA) and Tartrazine (TA), which are contaminated by the accumulation during excess release from catering and chemical industries in aqueous system. The adsorption performance is thoroughly screened by varying the pH, ChC dosage, dye concentration, contact time and temperature in aqueous system. Thermodynamic and Kinetics study suggest the natural tendency of adsorption with a good reusability up to 3 cycles. The main mechanism for spontaneous adsorption is initiated by capturing of TA/CA in porous surface followed by the ionic interactions and formation of H-bondings. ChC based adsorption is an excellent and potential approach to control the toxicants for the water-pollution and water-preservation.Sclareol is a labdane diterpene which carries on a broad range of biological activities. However, its poor water solubility and bioavailability are the foremost drawbacks that limit its application in therapeutics. The purpose of this investigation was to develop a natural nanoformulation made up of a biopolymer i.e. zein and sclareol in order to address this issue and to enhance the pharmacological efficacy of the drug. The sclarein nanoparticles (sclareol-loaded zein nanosystems) showed a typical monomodal pattern, characterized by a mean diameter of ~120 nm, a narrow size distribution and a surface charge of ~-30 mV. The evaluation of the entrapment efficiency and the drug-loading capacity of the nanosystems demonstrated the noteworthy ability of the protein matrix to hold sclareol while allowing a gradual release of the compound over time. The nanosystems increased the cytotoxicity of sclareol at a drug concentration of ≥5 μM with respect to the free compound after just 24 h incubation against various cancer cell lines. Indeed, the interaction of tritiated sclarein formulations with cells showed a time-dependent cell uptake of the nanosystems commencing as early as 1 h from the onset of incubation, favouring a significant decrease of the efficacious concentration of the drug.Dietary polyphenols are potential anti-inflammatory agents, and their combinations with enhanced biological activities may lower toxicity and side effects. The objective of this work was to investigate the potential synergistic anti-inflammatory activities of apigenin and curcumin co-nanoencapsulated in sodium caseinate, with comparison to unencapsulated polyphenol combinations. this website Non-toxic concentrations of apigenin, curcumin, and their combinations in the free and co-encapsulated forms were studied in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Combinations of free polyphenols produced stronger inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production, more significant at a higher proportion of curcumin, which was further enhanced after co-encapsulation. The enhanced reduction of NO was concomitant with the decreased expression of iNOS, the enhanced inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines of IL-6 and TNF-α, and the reduced production of intracellular reactive oxygen species. The potential multi-target effects and the enhanced solubility, proximity, and bioavailability of AP and CUR after co-encapsulation contributed to the synergistic activities. These results demonstrated that co-nanoencapsulation of apigenin and curcumin may enable the practical application utilizing the synergistic anti-inflammation effects to improve health.Here a starch and starch hydrogel nanocomposite and superabsorbent cotton fabric was fabricated and characterized. The optimized starch hydrogel nanocomposite was synthesized by using 0.008 M potassium permanganate, 0.7 g starch and 0.6 M sodium hydroxide at 50-55 °C. potassium permanganate as a strong and inexpensive oxidizing agent were used to potentially nano cross-link the starch molecular chains and graft the starch to cellulose molecular chains along with synthesizing manganese dioxide nanoparticles (MnO2) to further obtain antibacterial, antifungal and photocatalytic properties. The stability of products in water and the water absorption indicated the highest water content of 800% for the optimum sample. The same materials and conditions were also applied to the cotton fabric to produce a superabsorbent fabric. The simple one-step synthesis procedure, in-situ production of nanoparticles, cost-effectiveness and having desired features including photocatalytic, antibacterial properties of 93% against S.