Bushwaddell8491

Peri-implant diseases at implant sites represent the most considerable concern for many dental clinicians nowadays due to their detrimental effect on implant longevity. Preventive measures include patient education and motivation, supportive peri-implant therapy and routine assessment of the hard and soft tissues. Nevertheless, the reliability of clinical parameters to monitor peri-implant conditions is subject to debate. As such, the primary purpose of the present review was to gain further insight into the diagnostic accuracy of probing as a clinical tool to monitor dental implants and assist clinicians in preventing peri-implant diseases. Studies have recommended periodic probing to monitor the condition of the peri-implant tissues. Increased probing pocket depth, profuse bleeding on probing and suppuration at implants are clinical signs that have been associated with peri-implantitis; thus, if these clinical parameters are present, radiographic assessment is encouraged to make a definitive diagnosis considering potential inaccuracies related to local and/or systemic factors identified in the present review.

To evaluate the impact of implant surface characteristics on the initiation, progression and treatment outcomes of peri-implantitis based exclusively on in vivo investigations.

A literature search was conducted by two independent reviewers following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines to identify animal studies comparing at least two different implant surfaces affected by experimental peri-implantitis, with distinct characteristics and with or without subsequent surgical treatment that aims to arrest disease progression. The parameters evaluated included both radiographic (e.g., marginal bone level) and clinical (e.g., probing depth, bleeding on probing) aspects to determine changes in disease progression and treatment outcomes.

No statistically significant differences were found among the different implant surfaces during the initiation of peri-implantitis. On the other hand, the progression and treatment outcomes of peri-implantitis displayed statistically significant differences among the different implant systems, with turned surfaces reporting less bone loss during the progression period and greater bone gain after treatment.

Implant surface characteristics play a critical role in the progression and treatment outcomes of peri-implantitis. Turned implant surfaces demonstrated the least amount of bone loss after ligature removal and recorded the most favourable treatment outcomes.

Implant surface characteristics play a critical role in the progression and treatment outcomes of peri-implantitis. Turned implant surfaces demonstrated the least amount of bone loss after ligature removal and recorded the most favourable treatment outcomes.The coronally advanced flap technique is one of the most commonly used approaches for treating gingival recession. Several modifications of the technique have been proposed over the years, making it a highly predictable treatment option for gingival recession; however, as dental implants are structurally and biologically different from natural teeth, a further modification of the conventional coronally advanced flap technique has been suggested to overcome the challenges posed by the treatment of peri-implant soft tissue dehiscences. The present article aims to describe the state of the art of the technique at implant sites presenting with peri-implant soft tissue dehiscences, and highlight the main differences between this and the coronally advanced flap approach in natural teeth. The timing of crown removal and abutment modification/replacement are discussed, along with the different methods for management of the flap and connective tissue graft that are recommended at implant sites. The outcomes of this approach compared to the conventional coronally advanced flap technique, and other approaches are also presented.

Stress is one of the most important determinants of total antioxidant capacity (TAC).

This study aimed to assess alterations in salivary TAC following academic stress according to the personality type.

This descriptive study evaluated 53 dental students at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, who were divided into type A (n = 25) and type B (n = 28) personality groups using the Bortner questionnaire. Saliva samples were collected during the 1st week of the semester (a low-stress period) and during the 1st week of the final exams (a high-stress period). Salivary TAC was measured using a specific kit. The data was analyzed using the repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), the χ2 tests, the independent t tests, and the Bonferroni adjustments.

Overall, salivary TAC in the high-stress period was significantly lower than that in the low-stress period (0.27 vs 0.31 mM) (p = 0.016). The comparison of salivary TAC between the type A and type B personality groups in the low-stress period showed no significant difference (p = 0.450). During the highstress period, a reduction in salivary TAC was recorded in both groups, which was borderline significant in the type A personality group (p = 0.050), but non-significant in the type B personality group (p = 0.140). The comparison of salivary TAC between the type A and B personality groups in the high-stress period also revealed no significant difference (p = 0.780).

Academic stress can decrease salivary TAC, and the personality type has no significant effect on this relationship.

Academic stress can decrease salivary TAC, and the personality type has no significant effect on this relationship.Invited for this month's cover is the group of Viktoria H. Gessner at the Ruhr-University in Bochum (Germany). The cover shows the structure of the newly reported, isolated metallated ylide. Due to the high negative charge at the ylidic carbon center this compound is "on fire", but can be stabilized by smart molecular design. Structure analyses of the different alkali metal complexes combined with computational studies provide insights into the electronic structure of the compounds Read the full text of their Communication at 10.1002/open.202100178.The selective and efficient monitoring of mercury (Hg2+ ) contamination found in the environment and ecosystem has been carried out. Thus, a new 1,8-naphthalimide-based fluorescent probe NADP for the detection of Hg2+ based on a fluorescence enhancement strategy has been designed and synthesized. The NADP probe can detect Hg2+ with high selectivity and sensitivity and a low detection limit of 13 nm. The detection mechanism was based on a Hg2+ -triggered deprotection reaction, resulting in a dramatic change in fluorescence from colorless to green at physiological pH. Most importantly, biological investigation has shown that the NADP probe can be successfully applied to the monitoring of Hg2+ in living cells and zebrafish with low cytotoxicity.Genetically elucidating functions of gene families often requires simultaneous disruption of several family members to overcome redundancy. CRISPR/Cas9-based gene editing technology can simultaneously knockout multiple target genes (Armario Najera et al., 2019; Li et al., 2021; Ma et al., 2015), but it is laborious to isolate multiple null combinations lacking transgenes (Miao et al., 2018; Zhao et al., 2018). Removal of transgenes is necessary because the CRISPR components can generate new mutations and off-target events in next generations (Zhang et al., 2014; Zhang et al., 2018).Drug interactions with phospholipid bilayers underpin their behaviour in cell membranes and in liposomal delivery formulations. Liposomal drug delivery in ocular medicine can overcome the physical barriers of the eye and better enable the active molecule to reach its target. Here, Raman and 19 F solid-state NMR spectroscopy are used to characterise the interactions of two ocular corticosteroid drugs, difluprednate (DFP) and fluorometholone (FML), with multilamellar vesicles of phosphatidylcholine (PC). 31 P NMR confirms that the lipid bilayer tolerates a high drug concentration (a drug lipid molar ratio of 1  10). The 19 F NMR spectra of the drugs in lipid bilayers reveal that FML and DFP have different average orientations within the lipid bilayer. Raman spectra of dried lipid films reveal that PC separates from DFP but not from FML, the less lipophilic of the two drugs. This combined approach will assist the design of, and inform the development of, improved liposomal preparations.The urgent need for high energy batteries is pushing the battery studies toward the Li metal and solid-state direction, and the most central question is finding proper solid-state electrolyte (SSE). So far, the recently studied electrolytes have obvious advantages and fatal weaknesses, resulting in indecisive plans for industrial production. In this work, a thin and dense lithiated polyphenylene sulfide-based solid state separator (PPS-SSS) prepared by a solvent-free process in pilot stage is proposed. Moreover, the PPS surface is functionalized to immobilize the anions, increasing the Li+ transference number to 0.8-0.9, and widening the electrochemical potential window (EPW > 5.1 V). At 25 °C, the PPS-SSS exhibits high intrinsic Li+ diffusion coefficient and ionic conductivity (>10-4 S cm-1 ), and Li+ transport rectifying effect, resulting in homogenous Li-plating on Cu at 2 mA cm-2 density. Based on the limited Li-plated Cu anode or anode-free Cu, high loadings cathode and high voltage, the Li-metal batteries (LMBs) with polyethylene (PE) protected PPS-SSSs deliver high energy and power densities (>1000 Wh L-1 and 900 W L-1 ) with >200 cycling life and high safety, exceeding those of state-of-the-art Li-ion batteries. The results promote the Li metal battery toward practicality.

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a well-described risk factor for the development of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Early detection of CCA in these patients is of great importance because it expands options for therapeutic interventions, including liver transplantation. Current diagnostic tests for the evaluation of biliary strictures are limited to biliary brushing (BB) cytology and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has become an important diagnostic tool in oncology and may be a useful tool for diagnosing CCA on BBs. It is not clear how NGS performs when it is added to BB cytology and FISH in patients with PSC.

This study reports the authors' experience with NGS performed as a prospective cotest with cytology and FISH on BBs obtained from 60 patients with PSC followed at Massachusetts General Hospital. A duct with malignancy was defined as a high-risk (HR) stricture with either high-grade dysplasia or CCA.

NGS was better than FISH and cytology in detecting HR strictures, which showed multiple genetic mutations in all cases. NGS provided specific mutational information, and NGS results were reproducible in longitudinal samples.

Adding NGS to BB cytology and FISH in the evaluation of biliary strictures for patients with PSC may provide additional information that could help to inform clinical management.

Adding NGS to BB cytology and FISH in the evaluation of biliary strictures for patients with PSC may provide additional information that could help to inform clinical management.