Burtonhesselberg9224

Finfish aquaculture is a source of dissolved nutrients, which can impact water quality in the wider environment. Therefore, the potential effects of dissolved nutrient loading must be considered if management is to transition towards an Ecosystem Approach to Aquaculture. In this study, the dissolved nitrogen dispersion pattern from a rainbow trout farm in Port Mouton (Nova Scotia, Canada) was simulated and evaluated in the context of potential toxicity for a foundation seagrass species. A range of scenarios defined under a precautionary approach were simulated using a fully spatial hydrodynamic model. These worst-case scenarios predicted a maximum nitrogen concentration at any moment of the day of 7.5 μM, which is below the expected toxicity threshold for seagrass. Further scenarios demonstrated that the increased dispersion caused by the wind could drop these values by 45-50% in the vicinity of the farm, suggesting the relevant role of wind forcing in nitrogen dispersion. This outcome suggests that the decline of seagrass reported in some parts of Port Mouton bay are unlikely to have been triggered by dissolved nutrients discharged from the farm. This case-study demonstrates the value of ecosystem modelling to make science-based and transparent decisions to implement an ecosystem approach to aquaculture.This paper aims to establish consumer's perception of electric waste recycling and management on a national scale in Bangladesh. The attitude, willingness to pay (WTP) and consumers' behaviour were explored by conducting a questionnaire-based survey. The conclusions are based on 915 valid responses out of 2000 online survey invitations. Interestingly, 37.9% of the respondents indicated that they would accept to pay for electronic waste recycling. Analysis also shows that the preferred WTP would cover 5-10% of the recycling cost. Factors like environmental awareness, monthly income, and education level affect the consumers' WTP. selleck inhibitor Nevertheless, most of the participants believe that the Government should share the recycling cost. The study suggests that e-waste recycling can be stimulated by promoting environmental awareness, educating the public about the benefits of recycling e-waste, and making e-waste recycling more convenient. However, additional measures will likely be needed to tackle the e-waste problem. Thus, support for environmental education is imperative in order to promote environmental awareness and increase the WTP of consumers. The study outlines key characteristics of consumer-focused e-waste management archetypes and proposes an effective road map for Bangladesh.Water treatment sludge have shown promising results as adsorbent for phosphorus and sulphate removal from real wastewater. The study was conducted through batch kinetics and equilibrium isotherm modes. The chemical composition reveal that aluminium compounds were dominant in the fresh sludge and aluminium phosphates were also observed in the used sludge. The results reveal that Manganese was leached from the material at all pH values investigated with the highest level observed at pH 2 and all concentrations higher than the national standard of discharge into the relevant environment. The point of zero charge of the adsorbent was pH 8.04 and high adsorption capacities for both sulphate and phosphate ions were observed at pH values lower than this point. Batch kinetic results revealed 96.0 ± 3.0% sulphates removal in the first 30 min whereas the highest phosphates removal was 88.0 ± 4.0% attained at 300 min of the experiment. Pseudo - second order reaction fitted the data better than Pseudo-first order reactiol flow wetland systems. The success of the adsorbent will reduce the costs associated with its disposal which can also lead to leachability of metals into the environment with time.Pollen grains emitted by urban vegetation are the main primary biological airborne particles (PBAPs) which alter the biological quality of urban air and have a significant impact on human health. This work analyses the interactions which exist between pollen-type PBAPs, meteorological variables, and air pollutants in the urban atmosphere so that the complex relationships and trends in future scenarios of changing environmental conditions can be assessed. For this study, the 1992-2018 pollen data series from the city of Granada (southeast Spain) was used, in which the dynamics of the total pollen as well as the 8 main pollen types (Cupressaceae, Olea, Pinus, Platanus, Poaceae, Populus, Quercus and Urticaceae) were analysed. The trend analysis showed that all except Urticaceae trended upward throughout the series. Spearman's correlations with meteorological variables showed that, in general, the most influential variables on the pollen concentrations were the daily maximum temperature, relative humidity, water vapor pressure, global radiation, and insolation, with different effects on different pollen types. Parallel analysis by neural networks (ANN) confirmed these variables as the predominant ones, especially global radiation. The correlation with atmospheric pollutants revealed that ozone was the pollutant with the highest influence, although some pollen types also showed correlation with NO2, SO2, CO and PM10. The Generalized Linear Models (GLM) between pollen and pollutants also indicated O3 as the most prominent variable. These results highlight the active role that pollen-type PBAPs have on urban air quality by establishing their interactions with meteorological variables and pollutants, thereby providing information on the behaviour of pollen emissions under changing environmental conditions.Early season fruit production for the northern European market is highly intensive in fertilization, machinery, irrigation and the use of herbicides. Those conditions increase the soil losses and soil compaction and threaten the Sustainable Goals for Development of the United Nations by 2030. Long-term soil erosion measurements are necessary to determine the sustainability of agriculture managements. Moreover, soil erosion on flood irrigation land is a topic that request more surveys and research as rainfed sloping terrains attracted all the attention of scientists and research investment. Improved Stock Unearthing Method (ISUM) was applied to two 15 years-old herbicide treated fields of Saturn peaches (Prunus persica var. platycarpa) to determine long-term soil erosion rates (2004-2019). Using ISUM, a 1 mm thick nylon rope (700 mm length) was used to connect trees perpendicular to the direction of rows at the height of the graft. To detection soil lowering, the vertical distance of the rope to the soil surfain the upper field part, where the flood discharge detach soil particles. In the lower field position sedimentation takes place. The dataset allows us to conclude that soil erosion in Saturn peaches fields is non-sustainable and more soil conservation management should be applied to reduce the soil erosion rates due to the bare soils as a consequence of the use of herbicides. This research informs that soil erosion in flood irrigated fields is a relevant process that needs more investigations around the world, where 94% of the irrigated land is under flood or furrow irrigation, and where irrigation is growing year after year.While urban wastewater infrastructure is aging and no longer adequate, climate change and sustainability are urging the transition from pollution management to resource recovery. Lacking evidence-based quantitative evaluation of the potential benefits and consequences of resource recovery from wastewater hinders the negotiation amongst stakeholders and slows down the transition. This study proposes mathematical formulations for technical, environmental, economic, and social key performance indicators (KPIs) that can be used to quantify the benefits and the risks of resource recovery. The proposed formulations are derived from the literature and validated with stakeholders. Each KPI is mathematically formulated at treatment train level by considering (1) the characteristics of individual unit processes (UPs) in the treatment train (TT), (2) the context in which the TT is installed, and (3) the resources to be recovered. The mathematical formulations of the KPIs proposed in this study enable a transparent, consistent and informative evaluation of existing treatment trains, as well as support the (computer aided) design of new ones. This could aid the transition from urban wastewater treatment to resource recovery from urban wastewater.The outbreak of COVID-19 continues to bring unprecedented shock to mankind's socioeconomic activities, and to the wider environment. China, as the early epicenter of the pandemic, locked down one-third of its cities in an attempt to prevent the rapid spread of the virus. Human migration patterns have subsequently been radically altered and many regions have seen perceived improvements in air quality during the lockdowns. This study empirically examines the relationship between human migration and air pollution and further evaluates the causal impacts of the lockdowns. A spatial econometric method and a spatial explicit counterfactual framework are employed in this study. The key findings are as follows i) a considerable amount of variation in AQI, PM10, PM2.5, and NO2 concentration can be explained by human migration but we fail to find suggestive evidence in the cases of SO2 and CO; ii) the implementation of lockdown measures led to a significant reduction in AQI (18.1%), PM2.5 (22.2%), NO2 (20.5%), and PM10 (10.7%), but has no meaningful impacts on SO2, CO and O3 levels; iii) further analysis indicates that the impacts of lockdown policies varied by control stringency and by regional heterogeneity. Our findings are of great importance for the Chinese government to create a stronger and more coherent framework in its efforts to tackle air pollution.Dissolved copper in stormwater runoff is a significant environmental problem. Biosorption of dissolved metals using microorganisms is known as a green, low-cost and efficient method. However, the role of live biological agents in the remediation of dissolved copper in Sustainable Drainage (SuDS) has not been reported. In this study, the effect of pH, initial concentration and temperature, on bacteria in different stages of biofilm development on a geotextile, along with Cu(II) removal efficiencies, were evaluated. Maximum Cu(II) removal efficiency (92%) was observed at pH 6. By decreasing the pH from 6 to 2, a log 5 reduction in bacteria was observed and Carboxyl groups transformed from -COO- to -COOH. The maximum biosorption capacity (119 mg g-1) was detected on day 1 of biofilm development, however, maximum removal efficiency (97%) was measured on day 21 of biofilm incubation. Exteracellular Polymeric Substance (EPS) showed a better protection of CFUs in more mature biofilms (day 21) with less than 0.1 log decrease when exposed to 200 mL-1 Cu(II), whereas, biofilm on day 1 of incubation showed a 2 log reduction in CFUs number. Thermodynamic studies showed that the maximum Cu(II) biosorption capacity of biofilms, incubated for 7 days (117 mg g-1) occurred at 35 °C. Thermodynamic and kinetic modelling of data revealed that a physical, feasible, spontaneous and exothermic process controlled the biosorption, with a diffusion process observed in external layers of the biofilm, fitting a pseudo-second order model. Equilibrium data modelling and high R2 values of Langmuir model indicated that the biosorption took place by a monolayer on the living biofilm surface in all stages of biofilm development.