Burnsbrock0829

To describe clinical features, diagnostic findings, treatments, and outcomes in patients with new-onset postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) and other autonomic disorders following SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19).

We retrospectively reviewed medical records for patients who presented with persistent neurologic and cardiovascular complaints between April and December 2020 following COVID-19 infection.

Twenty patients (70% female) were included in this study.Fifteen had POTS, 3 had neurocardiogenic syncope, and 2 had orthostatic hypotension. Six patients had abnormalities on cardiac or pulmonary testing, and 4 had elevated autoimmune or inflammatory markers. All patients were treated with non-pharmacologic therapies, and most required pharmacologic therapies. Six to 8 months after COVID-19, 17 (85%) patients had residual autonomic symptoms, with 12 (60%) unable to return to work.

POTS can follow COVID-19 in previously healthy patients. Appropriate diagnostic investigations and therapies are necessary to identify and treat autonomic dysfunction afterCOVID-19.

POTS can follow COVID-19 in previously healthy patients. Appropriate diagnostic investigations and therapies are necessary to identify and treat autonomic dysfunction after COVID-19.Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that involves several organ systems. Although B cells play a key role in SLE pathogenesis, the mechanisms behind B cell dysregulation in SLE development remained controversial. Finding the modules containing highly co-expressed genes in B cells could explain biological pathways involved in the pathogenesis of SLE, which may further support the reasons for the altered function of B cells in SLE disease. A total of three microarray gene expression datasets were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus. SLE samples were prepared from the purified B lymphocyte cells of the patients who have not received immunosuppressive drugs as well as high dose immunocytotoxic therapies or steroids. A weighted gene co-expression network was then constructed to find the relevant modules implicated in the SLE progression. Among 17 identified modules, 3 modules were selected through mapping to STRING and finding the ones that had highly connection at the protein level. These modules clearly indicate the involvement of several pathways in the pathogenesis of SLE including viral infection, adaptive immune response, and innate immune response in B lymphocytes. The WGCN analysis further revealed the co-expressed genes involved in both innate and adaptive immune systems. Mix infections and primary immunodeficiency might also dysregulate B lymphocytes, which may facilitate SLE development. As such, identifying novel biomarkers and pathways in lupus would be of importance.Despite achieving remarkable success in understanding the cellular, molecular and pathophysiological aspects of stroke, translation from preclinical research has always remained an area of debate. Although thousands of experimental compounds have been reported to be neuro-protective, their failures in clinical setting have left the researchers and stakeholders in doldrums. Though the failures described have been excruciating, they also give us a chance to refocus on the shortcomings. For better translational value, evidences from preclinical studies should be robust and reliable. Preclinical study design has a plethora of variables affecting the study outcome. Hence, this review focusses on the factors to be considered for a well-planned preclinical study while adhering to guidelines with emphasis on the study design, commonly used animal models, their limitations with special attention on various preventable attritions including comorbidities, aged animals, time of dosing, outcome measures and physiological variables along with the concept of multicentric preclinical randomized controlled trials. Here, we provide an overview of a panorama of practical aspects, which could be implemented, so that a well-defined preclinical study would result in a neuro-protectant with better translational value.Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a therapeutic and complementary treatment in several cognitive diseases, psychiatric disorders, and disabilities that occur due to an accident or stroke. In the current research, we aimed to boost some parts of the stimulation structure and proposed a new electrode scheme in the mentioned approach. After segmenting magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans and using a tissue correction routine algorithm, we attempted to create an appropriate head model and electrode placement according to electric stimulation, whereby we completed tDCS processing. The considered electrodes are divided into two general categories. All the considered electrodes consist of rectangular, circular, triangular, and empty triangular patches with specific dimensions. We investigated common electrode schemes and introduced better electrode schemes for more effective cortical stimulation. We observed that the triangular electrodes in the conventional and anodal arrangement in the triangular 4 × 1 HD-tDCS create more electric field than others. Also, we calculated the current density and attempted to substantially improve it. Therefore, we recommended the empty triangular schemes. We investigated the designed model thoroughly and observed that it increased the current density not only in the conventional but also in the HD-tDCS. Graphical abstract.Adolescents exposed to violence are at elevated risk of developing most forms of psychopathology, including depression, anxiety, and alcohol abuse. Prior research has identified emotional reactivity and difficulties with emotion regulation as core mechanisms linking violence exposure with psychopathology. Scant research has examined behavioral responses to distress as a mechanism in this association. This study examined the association of violence exposure with distress tolerance-the ability to persist in the face of distress-and whether lower distress tolerance linked violence exposure with subsequent increases in depression, anxiety, and alcohol abuse problems during adolescence. Cy7 DiC18 compound library chemical Data were collected prospectively in a sample of 287 adolescents aged 16-17 (44.3% male; 40.8% White). At Time 1, participants provided self-report of demographics, violence exposure, and psychopathology, and completed a behavioral measure of distress tolerance, the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task. Four months later, participants (n = 237) repeated the psychopathology assessments.